基于PRCUnet的高分遥感影像建筑物提取     

徐佳伟  刘伟  单浩宇  史嘉诚  李二珠  张连蓬  李行 《地球信息科学学报》2021,23(10):1838-1849

基于高分辨率遥感影像的建筑物提取具有重要的理论与实际应用价值,深度学习因其优异的深层特征提取能力,已经成为高分影像提取建筑物的主流方法之一。本文在改进深度学习网络结构的基础上,结合最小外接矩形与Hausdorff距离概念,对建筑物提取方法进行改进。本文主要改进内容为：① 基于Unet网络结构,利用金字塔池化模块 (Pyramid Pooling Module, PPM )的多尺度场景解析特点,残差模块(Residual Block, RB)的特征提取能力以及卷积块注意力模块(Convolutional Block Attention Module, CBAM)对空间信息和通道信息的平衡能力。将金字塔池化、残差结构以及卷积块注意力模块引入到Unet模型中,建立PRCUnet模型。PRCUnet模型更关注语义信息和细节信息,弥补Unet对小目标检测的欠缺;② 基于最小外接矩形与Hausdorff距离,改进建筑物轮廓优化算法,提高模型的泛化能力。实验表明,本文的建筑物提取方法在测试集上准确率、IoU、召回率均达到0.85以上,精度显著优于Unet模型,提取出的建筑物精度更高,对小尺度及不规则的建筑物有较好的提取效果,优化后的建筑物轮廓更接近真实的建筑物边界。  相似文献   

重庆石柱M4.5及武隆M5.0地震前视应力异常对比     

陈丽娟  龚丽文  董娣  董蕾 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(3):249-253

对重庆石柱和武隆地区的中小地震进行波谱分析得到地震能量、拐角频率、地震矩、视应力等震源谱参数,对比分析石柱M4.5及武隆M5.0地震前震源谱参数的差异。分析结果表明：1）同震级条件下,石柱地区的地震拐角频率及视应力均低于武隆地区,可能与石柱地区距离三峡库区较近有关。2）石柱地区的视应力在石柱M4.5地震前出现震前2 a上升、临震略微下降的变化过程,拐角频率在震前也有所升高。3）武隆地区的视应力在石柱M4.5和武隆M5.0地震前均出现“上升-下降-升高”的异常变化,拐角频率在2次地震前也呈现升高特征。4）研究区内所有地震的视应力在石柱M4.5和武隆M5.0地震前均出现上升变化,震后该区构造应力依然较高。  相似文献   

基于模糊数学评价法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺     

段少奇  吉宏武  张迪  董行  许佳音  宋文奎  刘书成  郝记明  苏伟明 《广东海洋大学学报》2021,(2)

【目的】探求真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件,以期为开发凡纳滨对虾即食食品提供技术参考。【方法】以新鲜凡纳滨对虾为原料,模糊数学感官评分为主要考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,选择载装量A、功率B、真空度C为自变量,利用响应面法和模糊数学评价法对真空微波干燥工艺进行优化。【结果】以感官评定为基础对真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的品质进行权重分析,得到权重集K=(色泽0.335,滋味0.305,香气0.215,组织质地0.145)。建立二次多项回归方程:Y=84.588+1.084A+1.409B+1.700C-7.353A²-8.793B²-13.860C²,显示载装量A、功率B、真空度C对感官评分有极显著影响(P<0.01)。通过响应面分析,得到真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件:载装量75 g,加热功率400 W,真空度0.08 MPa。在此条件下,真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾品质良好,感官评分为(85.6±0.07)分,与预测值85.92分误差较小。【结论】响应面法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺具有操作简单、优化条件精确、结果显示直观等优点;建立的回归方程能反映装载量等三个因素对指标的影响规律,并可进行实际预测。  相似文献   

Using maps of continuous variation in species compositional turnover to supplement uniform polygon species range maps     

Giovanni Di Virgilio  Shawn W. Laffan 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(8):1658-1673

Species ranges are often represented using polygons, with the attendant issues that they show uniform ranges with abrupt boundaries and can overestimate species ranges. We demonstrate that such uniform species ranges can be supplemented by mapping the gradational variation in species turnover across a landscape. Directional variation in species turnover for 15 skink species (Reptilia: Scincidae) and topographic and climatic turnover in south-eastern Australia were measured using directional moving window analyses, rotated through 360°. The resultant species turnover maps were compared with published polygon range maps for two species within the group (Liopholis whitii and L. inornata). We also assessed how the relationships between species and environmental turnover varied in areas of low or high species turnover. Continuous transitions between distinct areas of low and high species turnover were mapped. Low turnover comprised only 19% of the L. whitii polygon species range within the study area extent. These low turnover areas were more densely populated by L. whitii (67% of observations), whereas areas of medium to high turnover contained substantially fewer observations (25%). Regions with the highest species turnover contained only 6% of observations. L. inornata observations were also clustered in low species turnover areas. Averaged climatic and elevation values were higher in low-turnover areas despite their close adjacency to high-turnover zones. The environmental turnover in low species turnover regions was also lower than in high-turnover areas. Correlations between environmental turnover and low species turnover areas were positive, whereas the opposite relationship applied in high species turnover areas. We identified both abrupt and gradual distributional breaks between separate reptile assemblages; an example of the latter is located in the Hunter Valley in the south-eastern coastal region. This break has been mapped using solid, uniform lines in species ranges and thus implicitly as an abrupt break. Environmental conditions may be more favourable to skinks in low-turnover areas. Since L. whitii and other skink species have very large populations in low-turnover areas, other squamate species may also be more likely to occur in these areas. This has potential implications for conservation prioritisation. The turnover maps used here can supplement the information provided about reptile distributions by the equivalent polygon ranges. This approach can be applied to point occurrence data for any taxonomic group or any similar georeferenced diversity data set.  相似文献   

基于模糊综合评价法的海岛深层地下淡水开发潜力评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

单科  王锐浩  黄鹏飞  初喜章 《海洋通报》2014,33(6):624-629

研究并选取了与海岛深层地下淡水开发利用相关的自然、社会和施工3个方面12个影响因素,并采用模糊综合评价法构建了海岛深层地下淡水开发潜力评价模型。利用该模型对嵊泗泗礁山岛深层地下淡水开发利用潜力进行的评估,得出开发潜力巨大的结论。这一评价结果与其他学者研究结果一致,说明所建立的模型评估结果较为准确,可为海岛深层地下淡水开发潜力的评估提供一条较为客观、准确的途径。  相似文献   

基于二分搜索的水深数据与遥感影像匹配算法     

郭剑  黄文骞  吴迪  梁志诚  魏帅 《海洋测绘》2014,34(5):42-45

研究了遥感水深反演的数据匹配方法,分析了插值加密法与最短距离法的优缺点。针对高分辨率卫星影像海量数据,传统匹配方法无法有效进行数据匹配问题,提出基于二分搜索的阈值距离法。实验表明,新算法的匹配效率与匹配精度得到了显著提高,有助于获得更好的水深反演效果。  相似文献   

雨量计与星载测雨雷达资料结合的降水估算方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

邵颖  史岚  张狄  陈慧  张祝 《气象科学》2014,34(4):390-396

利用华东地区97个气象站点,1998—2012年逐月降水资料和TRMM卫星降水产品,基于卫星结合雨量计降水估算方法,并考虑海拔高度对降水的影响,对华东地区的降水进行估算,得到研究区域降水的时空分布情况。通过误差验证,发现估算值与站点实测值之间具有较好的一致性,并且1、4、10月的估算值要好于7月的估算值。总体而言,该方法能够对华东地区进行较好的降水估算,并且能够反映研究区域的降水空间分布情况。  相似文献   

Similarities and differences of two evapotranspiration models with routinely measured meteorological variables: application to a cropland and grassland in northeast China     

Songjun Han  Di Xu  Shaoli Wang  Zhiyong Yang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,117(3-4):501-510

Local actual evapotranspiration can be estimated with routinely measured meteorological variables using the Penman–Monteith model with surface resistance parameterized via the Katerji and Perrier approach (Agronomie 3(6):513–521, 1983; PM–KP model), or the nonlinear complementary relationship (CR) model proposed by Han et al. (Hydrol Process 26:3973–3981, 2012). A comparative study was carried out to evaluate the consistencies and differences of two models, as well as the performances of them for a cropland and grassland in northeast China. The departure of the actual evapotranspiration from the potential evaporation is described as a function of the ratio of the surface resistance to the aerodynamic resistance in the Penman–Monteith model, but the ratio of the aerodynamic term to the radiation term in the CR models. The two ratios are connected using a semi-empirical linear function by the Katerji and Perrier approach. The nonlinear CR model can be regarded as replacing the linear function by a power function after mathematical processing. On the other hand, the PM–KP model can be also considered as a CR-type model. On the daily basis at a maize cropland and degraded grassland in semiarid Northeast China, the nonlinear CR model with locally calibrated parameters performed better with data occupying all the growth stages, but the performances of the two models are similar during the early-, mid-, and late-season stages, respectively. On the half-hourly basis, the PM–KP model and the nonlinear CR model both performed well. It is deduced that on the daily basis the nonlinear CR model is more suitable for the cropland and grassland, but further comparisons are needed on the hourly basis.  相似文献   

Frost-free season lengthening and its potential cause in the Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2010   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dan Zhang  Wenhui Xu  Jiayun Li  Zhe Cai  Di An 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,115(3-4):441-450

Frost-free season was an important index for extreme temperature, which was widely discussed in agriculture and applied meteorology research. The frost-free season changed, which was associated with global warming in the past few decades. In this study, the changes in three indices (the last frost day in spring, the first frost day in autumn, and the frost-free season length) of the frost-free season were investigated at 73 meteorological stations in the Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2010. Results showed that the last frost day in spring occurred earlier, significantly in 39 % of the 73 stations. For the regional average, the last frost day in spring occurred earlier, significantly at the rate of 1.9 days/decade during the last 50 years. The first frost day in autumn occurred later, significantly in 31 % of the stations, and the regional average rate was 1.5 days/decade from 1960 to 2010. The changing rate of the first frost day in autumn below 3,000 m was 1.8 times larger than the changing rate above 3,000 m. In addition, the first frost day in autumn above 3,000 m fluctuated dramatically before the early 1990s and then it was later sharply after the early 1990s. The frost-free season length increased significantly at almost all stations in the Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2010. For the regional average, the frost-free season lengthened at the rate of 3.1 days/decade. The changing rate of the frost-free season length below 3,000 m was more significant than the changing rate above 3,000 m. Eight indices of large-scale atmospheric circulation were employed to investigate the potential cause of the frost-free season length change in the Tibetan Plateau during the past 50 years. There was a significant relationship between the frost-free season length and the Northern Hemisphere Polar Vortex indices. The weakening cold atmospheric circulation might be an essential factor to the Tibetan Plateau warming since 1960.  相似文献   

APPlication of sPectral decomPosition technology in shallow gas detection based on Wigner-Ville distribution     

CHI Huanzhao  LIU Cai  SHAN Xuanlong  WANG Dian  and LU Qi 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,17(4):243-246

Shallow gas is comPosed of all kinds of shallow buried natural gas resources( <1500 m)with rela-tively small reserve for each gas resource. It has some advantages such as shallow burial dePth,good Phys...  相似文献