北斗卫星应急通信传输试点建设     

江彩英  黄永玉  谢丹  郭晓佳 《气象科技》2013,41(5):857-860

根据福建省气象局开展北斗卫星应急通信传输试点工作的部署和要求,在南平市气象局选择3个有代表性的台站建设北斗卫星通信传输终端,分别在南平市气象局和福建省气象信息中心建设北斗卫星通信传输接收系统（中心站）,并部署北斗通信中心站软件和终端软件,进行通信传输试点.利用北斗卫星通信系统传输国家级自动站观测数据、系统校时、文字通信功能均达到项目预期目标.传输率、误码率、时延和稳定性均能满足业务化运行的要求.实现公网运营商电路中断的应急状态下传输自动站观测数据和进行文字通信等,从而为防灾减灾服务.  相似文献   

基于NCEP资料的我国大气可降水量的计算及其时空分布     

刘丹  邱新法  史岚  施国萍 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(2):113-119

利用1948—2009年的NCEP再分析资料获取多年平均大气可降水量,分析我国大气可降水量的空间分布和季节变化,并选用2001年的资料与同期探空资料进行对比验证.结果表明:我国大气可降水量的空间分布总趋势是低纬大于高纬,平原大于高原,沿海地区大于内陆地区;季节变化明显,冬季大气可降水量较小,夏季较大;NCEP资料与探空资料的计算结果基本一致.  相似文献   

天津市气候变化及其与城市化发展的关系     

孟丹  王连喜  李琪  薛红喜 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(5):455-461

根据天津地区气象站近50年的气象数据,采用回归分析、滑动平均、Morlet小波变换和Mann-Kendall检验法研究天津地区气候要素的变化规律;采用趋势拟合与相关分析,研究近30年各气候要素与地区生产总值、城镇人口百分比、城乡居民收入差、全社会固定资产投资额等各项城市化进程指标的关系.结果表明:1)近50年来,天津地区年均气温增幅为0.35℃/(10 a),呈极显著的上升趋势,年降水量减少趋势不明显,但其时间序列周期振动较明显,日照时数呈极显著的下降趋势;2)20世纪80—90年代初期为天津地区气温、日照时数和城郊温差、日照时数差的跃变年份;3)各项城市化进程指标分别与天津地区气温、日照时数有着极显著的正相关、负相关性,表明它们与天津城市热岛、暗岛的发展关系密切.  相似文献   

西南地区云水量与可降水量比值的分布特征和变化趋势     

林丹  王维佳 《干旱气象》2013,(3):482-485,504

采用1980～2009年云水量和可降水量的NCEP逐月再分析资料,通过统计分析,研究30a来西南地区（云南、贵州、讴庆、四川）云水量与可降水量比值的时空分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明：（1）西南地区年、季17孟水量与可降水比值均具有明显的地区性差异,由西北向东南递减,高值区位于川西高原;（2）云水量与可降水比值年内分布不均匀,从2月到8月逐渐减小,9月至1月逐渐增大,同时,季节差异较大,夏季最小,冬季最大;（3）30a来,整个西南地区年、夏季和秋季云水量与可降水量比值呈显著减少趋势。  相似文献   

基于FY3/MERSI数据的辽宁省植被指数重建及时空变化分析     

冯锐  纪瑞鹏  武晋雯  于文颖  刘丹  陈妮娜  王莹  张玉书 《气象与环境学报》2022,38(1):65-73

为建立中国风云三系列气象卫星长时间序列归一化植被指数数据集,选用滤波和函数拟合方法,针对林地、湿地、水稻、玉米、大豆、城市和水体7类地物开展数据重建效果定量分析,确定最佳数据重建方法,并在辽宁省开展时空变化分析。结果表明：非对称高斯函数拟合法（Asymmetric Gaussians,AG）、Savitzky-Golay滤波法（SG）、双Logistic函数拟合法（Double Logistic,DL）和时间序列谐波分析法（Harmonic Analysis of Time Series,HANTS）四种方法均表现出相对较好的去噪能力。SG方法对噪声比较敏感,HANTS方法在低值区受噪声影响大。AG和DL方法平滑效果较好,DL方法的峰值更接近于原始峰值。在高植被覆盖区和季节性作物区,SG方法相关系数最高（>0.93）、均方根误差最低（< 0.1）;在城市和水体低植被指数区,HANTS方法相关系数最高,为0.87,但四种方法的均方根误差均在0.06左右,差别不大。综合考虑曲线和定量分析结果,选取SG方法进行辽宁省植被指数数据集数据重建。辽宁省植被指数数值高低的空间分布与下垫面植被类型相符合,东部山区林地植被指数最高,达到0.75以上。2009-2020年,辽宁省NDVI年均值存在波动,不同地物植被指数变化存在差别,水体和城市植被指数变化相对较小,旱田作物（玉米、大豆）的植被指数受干旱年的影响植被指数变化稍大。辽宁省主要粮食作物植被指数年内均呈单峰分布,与一年一熟型吻合,均在8月上旬达到最大值。  相似文献   

Large-Scale Synoptic Systems and Fog During the C-FOG Field Experiment     

Dorman  Clive E.  Hoch  Sebastian W.  Gultepe  Ismail  Wang  Qing  Yamaguchi  Ryan T.  Fernando  H. J. S.  Krishnamurthy  Raghavendra 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2021,181(2-3):171-202

Boundary-Layer Meteorology - The goal of this work is to summarize synoptic meteorological conditions during the Coastal Fog (C-FOG) field project that took place onshore and offshore of the Avalon...  相似文献   

Role of the Atlantic multidecadal variability in modulating East Asian climate     

Monerie  Paul-Arthur  Robson  Jon  Dong  Buwen  Hodson  Dan 《Climate Dynamics》2021,56(1-2):381-398

We assess the effects of the North Atlantic Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (NASST) on North East Asian (NEA) surface temperature. We use a set of sensitivity experiments, performed with MetUM-GOML2, an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a multi-level ocean mixed layer model, to mimic warming and cooling over the North Atlantic Ocean. Results show that a warming of the NASST is associated with a significant warming over NEA. Two mechanisms are pointed out to explain the NASST—North East Asia surface temperature relationship. First, the warming of the NASST is associated with a modulation of the northern hemisphere circulation, due to the propagation of a Rossby wave (i.e. the circumglobal teleconnection). The change in the atmosphere circulation is associated with advections of heat from the Pacific Ocean to NEA and with an increase in net surface shortwave radiation over NEA, both acting to increase NEA surface temperature. Second, the warming of the NASST is associated with a cooling (warming) over the eastern (western) Pacific Ocean, which modulates the circulation over the western Pacific Ocean and NEA. Additional simulations, in which Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures are kept constant, show that the modulation of the circumglobal teleconnection is key to explaining impacts of the NASST on NEA surface temperature.

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Estimating groundwater recharge beneath irrigated farmland using environmental tracers fluoride, chloride and sulfate   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dan Lin  Menggui Jin  Xing Liang  Hongbin Zhan 《Hydrogeology Journal》2013,21(7):1469-1480

Accurate recharge estimation is essential for effective groundwater management, especially in the North China Plain, where irrigation return flow is significant to vertical recharge but brings difficulty for recharge estimation. Three environmental tracers (F^?, Cl^? and SO₄ ^2?) were used to estimate vertical recharge based on the mass balance and cumulative methods. Four boreholes were dry-drilled to 5–25 m depth beneath irrigated farmland and one was drilled to 5 m beneath non-irrigated woodland; soil samples were collected in all boreholes at set depths. The results indicated that F^?, Cl^? and SO₄ ^2?were suitable tracers beneath the non-irrigated woodland, yielding recharge rates of 16.9, 18.8 and 19.4 mm/year, respectively. Recharge estimation was not straightforward when taking account of crop type, irrigation and/or fertilizer use. After comparing with previous research, conclusions were drawn: Cl^? was an appropriate tracer for irrigated farmland when taking account of Cl^? input from irrigation and absorption by crops; recharge rates were 65.9–126.8 mm/year. However, F^? was a more suitable tracer for irrigated regions where account is made of the proportion of precipitation to irrigation return flow, provided low F^? concentrations can be measured reliably.  相似文献   

A deep-seated landslide dam in the Siriu Reservoir (Curvature Carpathians, Romania)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Mihai Micu  Dan Bălteanu 《Landslides》2013,10(3):323-329

The Groapa Vântului (Wind’s Dip) landslide, situated in the Buz?u Carpathians, on the right-hand slope of the Siriu Reservoir, occurred in April 2006, after the first local movements were signaled in September–October 2005. It represents a reactivation of an older, apparently relict (and well covered by a secular beech forest) landslide, which blocked Siriu Reservoir for several weeks and caused a major change in the sedimentation regime downstream of it. The volume of the displaced material reached almost 2.5 million m³, affecting a surface of more than 250,000 m² and reducing the reservoir’s volume by almost 2 million m³. The landslide developed on a lithological contact of Paleogene flysch formations and features steep (40–50°) and high (up to 30 m) scarps, as well as complex inner sectors, of rotational, translational, and compresional movement. The assessment of landslide’s morphodynamic behavior is based on repeated geomorphological field mapping and measurements, differential Global Positioning System, and total station profiles, and mobile and fixed landmarks. This preliminary assessment contributes to the understanding of the behavior of old, peri-glacial landslide reactivations and also represents progress towards a better hazard assessment.  相似文献   

黔东南凯里—麻江—丹寨地区奥陶系红花园组古岩溶储层特征     

淡永  梁彬  曹建文  张庆玉 《海相油气地质》2013,(1):33-38

黔东南凯里—麻江—丹寨地区(构造上位于黔南坳陷东北部)下奥陶统红花园组为一套生物碎屑灰岩。该区已发现的麻江古油藏尚未取得油气勘探进展。对区内多处露头剖面中—下奥陶统进行了宏观勘查和采样以及岩样微观薄片分析,证实该套地层曾发生古岩溶作用,并可识别出埋藏岩溶和风化壳岩溶两类古岩溶作用。基于这些岩溶剖面的对比分析,发现古风化壳岩溶受早中奥陶世古隆起及剥蚀时间控制,主要发育于古隆起区麻江古油藏一带,而其它地区为埋藏岩溶。认为古风化壳岩溶形成大量溶蚀孔洞缝,为红花园组提供了优质储层条件。此外在中—下奥陶统大湾组碎屑岩覆盖下的红花园组碳酸盐岩也可以发生埋藏岩溶并形成较好的岩溶型储层。红花园组在黔南坳陷东北部的油藏大多有过暴露或破坏。认为在坳陷西南部寻找古隆起区附近的上述两类储层应是油气勘探方向。  相似文献