测量学教学中钢尺精密量距计算问题讨论     

束蝉方  隋铭明  潘庆林 《现代测绘》2007,30(6):41-42

一些文献及在教学过程中有学生对测量学教材中钢尺精密量距计算公式提出了疑问，本文针对这些疑问进行讨论，并给出了一些教学中的建议。  相似文献   

Tropical convective responses to microphysical and radiative processes: a sensitivity study with a 2-D cloud resolving model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

X. Li  C.-H. Sui  K.-M. Lau  W.-K. Tao 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2005,90(3-4):245-259

Summary Prognostic cloud schemes are increasingly used in weather and climate models in order to better treat cloud-radiation processes. Simplifications are often made in such schemes for computational efficiency, like the scheme being used in the National Centers for Environment Prediction models that excludes some microphysical processes and precipitation-radiation interaction. In this study, sensitivity tests with a 2-D cloud resolving model are carried out to examine effects of the excluded microphysical processes and precipitation-radiation interaction on tropical thermodynamics and cloud properties. The model is integrated for 10 days with the imposed vertical velocity derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment. The experiment excluding the depositional growth of snow from cloud ice shows anomalous growth of cloud ice and more than 20% increase of fractional cloud cover, indicating that the lack of the depositional snow growth causes unrealistically large mixing ratio of cloud ice. The experiment excluding the precipitation-radiation interaction displays a significant cooling and drying bias. The analysis of heat and moisture budgets shows that the simulation without the interaction produces more stable upper troposphere and more unstable mid and lower troposphere than does the simulation with the interaction. Thus, the suppressed growth of ice clouds in upper troposphere and stronger radiative cooling in mid and lower troposphere are responsible for the cooling bias, and less evaporation of rain associated with the large-scale subsidence induces the drying in mid and lower troposphere.  相似文献   

对大连历年汛期起止日期的客观判定   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

王玲玲  邹耀仁  隋洪起 《气象》2000,26(3):12-16

根据大连市 195 1～ 1998年的逐日降水量资料 ,应用扫描 t检验方法对每年入汛期和出汛期进行了判定和分析 ,并与目前使用的经验方法划定的日期作了比较。结果表明 ,t检验方法能更客观、准确地判定汛期的开始日期和结束日期。  相似文献   

暖底积云自然降水过程和 人工催化个例数值模拟     

曾光平  郑淑真  张长安  隋平  李茂伦 《大气科学》2000,24(2):284-288

利用一维积雨云双参数模式模拟福建省的暖底积云自然降水过程和催化过程。模拟结果表明:暖云催化影响了降水的演变过程,不仅使总降水量增加,而且改变了降水的分布,使降水提前出现。冷云催化对降水过程没有发生明显的影响。对催化云和自然云云水和雨水含量的模拟表明:暖云催化使云中碰并过程提前出现,导致催化云中云水含量明显少于自然云中的云水含量:催化云雨水含量先是明显大于自然云中的雨水含量,随后明显小于自然云中的雨水含量。  相似文献   

立式泵固有频率分析及隔振结构研究     

隋富生  宋济平 《海洋技术学报》2000,19(1):61-64

本文应用自行开发的计算机程序,计算了几种立式泵的六个自由度的固有频率,数值计算的结果显示了立式泵的高度及其安装尺寸的变化与其固有频率之间的关系,并分析了不同安装尺寸的隔振效率。最后,为满足立式泵的隔振要求提出了新型的泵体机座设计。  相似文献   

盆地潜凸起岩溶热储地热田成因机理：以菏泽潜凸起为例     

康凤新  史启朋  马哲民  隋海波 《地质学报》2023,97(1):221-237

盆地潜凸起岩溶热储地热田是我国主要供暖用热储之一,具有分布面积广、水温高、水量大等特点,是北方清洁供暖的重要可再生热源。本文以菏泽潜凸起岩溶热储地热田为例,通过地质构造、岩溶发育特征、同位素和水文地球化学特征、地温场空间分布规律、地热水动力场的系统分析,揭示地热田岩溶地热水补给源、运移途径和富集机理：地热水来源于东北部梁山、东部嘉祥一带基岩山区大气降水入渗补给,主要循环富集于层间岩溶与断裂破碎带复合处。根据地温场空间分布特征揭示的热源及其传递和聚集特征,提出了四元聚热机制,一元是大地热流毯状传导聚热、二元是凸起区高热导率分流聚热、三元是导热断裂或岩体接触带带状对流聚热、四元是地下水运移传导-对流聚热。在热储富集和聚热成因机理研究基础上,构建了基于水源、热源及深部岩溶发育特征的地热田成因机理模型,揭示了地热能富集规律。  相似文献   

Biomass and carbon storage of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis （Rhodophyta） in Zhanshan Bay,Qingdao, China     

周伟  隋正红  王津果  胡依依  康庆浩  吴俊映  金相澈  黄建辉  王朋云 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1009-1015

Marine macroalgae can absorb carbon and play an important role in carbon sequestration. As an important economic macroalga, Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis has the potential to significantly affect carbon absorption and storage in wave-sheltered intertidal reef systems. However, detailed knowledge on seasonal biomass changes and carbon storage of G. lemaneiformis is lacking, especially in many small and scattered ecosystems. Considering the influence of human activities on wild distribution of G. lemaneiformis, the understanding of seasonal dynamics of an economically important species in nature is necessary. In this study, we first investigated seasonal variations in biomass, coverage area, and carbon storage during low tide from August 2011 to July 2012 in Zhanshan Bay, Qingdao, China. Furthermore, we estimated the carbon storage potential of wild G. lemaneiformis using light use efficiency(LUE). The results show that the standing biomass and coverage area changed significantly with season. However, seasonal variations in carbon content and water content were not obvious, with an average content of 35.1% and 83.64%, respectively. Moreover, carbon storage in individual months varied between 0.67 and 47.03 g C/m 2, and the value of carbon storage was the highest in August and June and the lowest in February. In Zhanshan Bay, LUE of G. lemaneiformis was only 0.23%. If it is increased to the theoretical maximum(5%–6%), the carbon storage will have an increase of at least 21 times compared with the current, which suggested that carbon storage of wild G. lemaneiformis had a high enhancement potential. The study will help to assess a potential role of G. lemaneiformis in reducing atmospheric CO2.  相似文献   

Development of a SCAR marker for male gametophyte of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis based on AFLP technique   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周伟  丁弘叶  隋正红  王钟霞  王津果 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(3):522-526

The red alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis （Bory） is an economically valuable macroalgae. As a means to identify the sex of immature Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, the amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） technique was used to search for possible sex- or phase-related markers in male gametophytes, female gametophytes, and tetrasporophytes, respectively. Seven AFLP selective amplification primers were used in this study. The primer combination E-TG/M-CCA detected a specific band linked to male gametophytes. The DNA fragment was recovered and a 402-bp fragment was sequenced. However, no DNA sequence match was found in public databases. Sequence characterized amplified region （SCAR） primers were designed from the sequence to test the repeatability of the relationship to the sex, using 69 male gametophytes, 139 female gametophytes, and 47 tetrasporophytes. The test results demonstrate a good linkage and repeatability of the SCAR marker to sex. The SCAR primers developed in this study could reduce the time required for sex identification of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis by four to six months. This can reduce both the time investment and number of specimens required in breeding experiments.  相似文献   

黑潮入侵南海的强弱与太平洋年代际变化及厄尔尼诺-南方涛动现象的关系   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨龙奇  许东峰  徐鸣泉  隋丹丹  吴品煌 《海洋学报》2014,36(7):17-26

在黑潮入侵南海强弱的问题上,到底是太平洋年代际变化(Pacific Decadal Oscillation,PDO)还是厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nio-Southern Oscillation,ENSO)现象在起关键作用,目前还存在着较大争议。本文先以高盐水作为黑潮入侵强弱的示踪物,用120°E断面的高盐水数据和北赤道流分叉点(North Equator Current Bifurcation,NEC-Y)的南北变动进行相关分析,接着,进一步用学者所用的黑潮入侵指数(KI指数,Kuroshio intrusion index和NEC指数,North Equatorial Current index)与北赤道流分叉点南北变动进行相关分析。最后,用EMD(Empirical Mode Decomposition)方法和相关关系分析法分别分析了PDO指数、Nio3.4指数与北赤道流分叉点南北变动的关系并用NECP风场数据探讨其影响机制。结果表明:(1)通过对120°E断面的高盐水的KI指数、NEC指数与NEC-Y的相关分析,表明了北赤道流分叉点的南北变动能够很好地指代黑潮入侵南海的强弱;(2)通过PDO指数和Nio3.4指数与北赤道流分叉点的南北变动的相关性分析,发现PDO指数、Nio3.4指数与北赤道流分叉点的南北变动都具有较好的相关性,都在0.5水平。这些良好的相关性表明了PDO和ENSO对黑潮入侵南海的强弱都具有重要的影响;(3)当处于厄尔尼诺年(拉尼娜)时,赤道太平洋发生西(东)风异常,使得北赤道流分叉点偏北(南),使吕宋岛东侧的黑潮流速减弱(加强),黑潮入侵南海增强(减弱);当PDO处于暖(冷)阶段时,会加强热带太平洋的西(东)风异常,使得黑潮入侵南海增强(减弱)。  相似文献   

Time of emergence of climate signals over China under the RCP4.5 scenario   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yue Sui  Xianmei Lang  Dabang Jiang 《Climatic change》2014,125(2):265-276

The signal of climate change is emerging against a background of natural internal variability. The time of emergence (ToE) is an indicator of the magnitude of the climate change signal relative to this background variability and may be useful for climate impact assessments. In this work, we examined the ToE of surface air temperature and precipitation over China under a medium mitigation scenario Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 based on 30 satisfactory global climate models that are chosen from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. Major conclusions are: the earliest ToE of annual and seasonal temperature occurs in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau between 2006 and 2012 for S/N?>?1.0 and between 2020 and 2030 for S/N?>?2.0, which is 10–20 years sooner than in Northeast China where the latest ToE appears in the country. Consistent with previous studies at the global scale, the median ToE for most of China occurs sooner in summer (2008–2020 for S/N?>?1.0 and 2020–2045 for S/N?>?2.0), while for Northeast and North China the median ToE occurs sooner in autumn (2015–2025 for S/N?>?1.0 and 2040–2050 for S/N?>?2.0). For the ToE of temperature, the inter-model uncertainty is at least 24 years in all five regions of concern and more than 85 years in some seasons, and the inter-model uncertainty in one season for which the earliest median ToE occurs is the smallest among the seasons. For precipitation, the early ToE occurs in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for the annual mean, and seasonally it occurs first in winter in northern Northeast China and southwestern Northwest China and in winter and spring in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. For southern China, the median ToE will not occur until 2090.  相似文献