Apodized Lyot coronagraph for SPHERE/VLT: II. Laboratory tests and performance     

G��raldine Guerri  Jean-Baptiste Daban  Sylvie Robbe-Dubois  Richard Douet  Lyu Abe  Jacques Baudrand  Marcel Carbillet  Anthony Boccaletti  Philippe Bendjoya  Carole Gouvret  Farrokh Vakili 《Experimental Astronomy》2011,30(1):59-81

SPHERE (which stands for Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch) is a second-generation Very Large Telescope (VLT) instrument dedicated to high-contrast direct imaging of exoplanets whose first-light is scheduled for 2011. Within this complex instrument one of the central components is the apodized Lyot coronagraph (ALC). The principal aim of this paper is to report the first laboratory experiment of the ALC designed for the SPHERE instrument. The performance and sensitivity of the optical configuration was first numerically studied with an end-to-end approach (see the results in paper I subtitled ??Detailed numerical study??). Made confident by the results, we then tested a prototype on an infrared coronagraphic bench. We measured the transmission profiles of the apodizer prototype and the coronagraphic performance of the apodized Lyot coronagraph in Y, J, and H bands. The coronagraph sensitivity to lateral and longitudinal misalignments of its three main components (apodizer, coronagraphic mask and Lyot stop) was finally studied in H band. We can conclude that the prototype meets the SPHERE technical requirements for coronagraphy.  相似文献   

Trophic modelling of the Peruvian upwelling ecosystem: Towards reconciliation of multiple datasets     

Sylvie Gunette  Villy Christensen  Daniel Pauly 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,79(2-4):326

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The Temperature and Ionization of T-Tauri Micro-Jets     

Darren M. O'Brien  Paulo J.V. Garcia  Jonathan Ferreira  Sylvie Cabrit  Luc Binette 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2004,292(1-4):609-617

The effects of phenomenological heating functions on the flow thermodynamics of cold T-Tauri disk winds are examined. Turbulent dissipation (mechanical) heating and a warm disk corona are invoked to heat the wind. The temperature and ionization evolution are solved for along the flow. The results allow the construction of synthetic observations; emission maps, forbidden line ratios, line fluxes and line profiles; and successfully reproduce a number of observed trends. Mechanical heating produces line ratios and fluxes that fit very well with observations. Invoking a warm disk corona successfully reproduces forbidden line profile low velocity components.  相似文献   

Dissipative forces and external resonances     

Sylvie Jancart  Anne Lemaitre 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2001,81(1-2):75-80

We analyze the process of resonance trapping due to Poynting–Robertson drag and Stokes drag in the frame of the restricted 3-body problem and in the case of external mean motion resonances. The numerical simulations presented are computed by using the 3-dimensional extended Schubart averaging (ESA) integrator developed by Moons (1994) for all mean motion resonances. We complete it by adding the contributions of the dissipative forces. To follow the philosophy of the initial integrator, we average the drag terms, but we do not make any expansion in series of eccentricity or inclination. We show our results, especially capture around asymmetric equilibria, and compare them to those found by Beaué and Ferraz-Mello (1993, 1994) and Liou et al. (1979).  相似文献   

Tridimensional Dissipative Semi-Numerical Model     

Jancart  Sylvie  Lemaitre  Anne 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2003,92(1-4):63-71

Our research combines mean motion resonances and dissipative forces in the averaged elliptic spatial restricted three-body problem. The models presented can be applied in many contexts mixing resonances and dissipations,e.g., asteroid belt, transneptunian region, exoplanets, systems of planetary rings, etc. We propose a semi-numerical model that simulates the behaviour of test particles under the effect of generic forces, functions of powers of the position and/or of the velocity. This model is valid for any orbital eccentricities or inclinations, even at high values. Captures around symmetric and asymmetric equilibria are reproduced and the apparitions of a plateau of inclination for long periods of time are dectected.  相似文献   

Experimental study of the heterogeneous reactivity between atomic chlorine and palmitic acid films     

Raluca Ciuraru  Michael Ward  Maxence Mendez  Sylvie Gosselin  Nicolas Visez  Denis Petitprez 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2013,70(4):341-355

The present study focuses on the heterogeneous reaction between gaseous atomic chlorine and solid palmitic acid films, used as a proxy of the fatty acids detected in atmospheric airborne particles. This reaction is investigated in a coated wall flow tube reactor coupled to a molecular beam mass spectrometer. The reactive surfaces were prepared by coating the inner surface of the reactor. The initial Cl˙ and Cl₂ uptake coefficient measured for these heterogeneous reactions is found to be fast: γ_o ^Cl?=?0.07. The rapid formation of hydrogen chloride corresponding with the disappearance of atomic chlorine is highlighted. Furthermore, the formation of new chlorinated species on the solid substrate has been detected by TOF SIMS analysis leading to an ageing process of the surface. A heterogeneous recombination of Cl atoms to Cl₂ molecules was observed for aged surfaces.  相似文献   

Stark Broadening in Compact Stars: Xe VI Lines     

Milan S. Dimitrijević  Zoran Simić  Andjelka Kovačević  Aleksandar Valjarević  Sylvie Sahal-Bréchot 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2015,36(4)

We will consider Stark broadening of non hydrogenic spectral lines in the impact approximation in compact stars: pre-white dwarf and white dwarf atmospheres. In order to show an example, Stark broadening parameters have been calculated, using the impact semiclassical perturbation approach for four Xe VI spectral lines. Obtained results have been used to demonstrate the influence of Stark broadening in DA and DB white dwarf atmospheres.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Statistical Distributions for the Parametrization of Subgrid Boundary-Layer Clouds     

Emilie Perraud  Fleur Couvreux  Sylvie Malardel  Christine Lac  Valéry Masson  Odile Thouron 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2011,140(2):263-294

In numerical weather prediction and climate models, planetary boundary-layer (PBL) clouds are linked to subgrid-scale processes such as shallow convection. A comprehensive statistical analysis of large-eddy simulations (LES), obtained for warm PBL cloud cases, is carried out in order to characterize the distributions of the horizontal subgrid cloud variability. The production of subgrid clouds is mainly associated with the variability of the total water content. Nevertheless, in the case of PBL clouds, the temperature variability cannot be completely discarded and the saturation deficit, which summarizes both temperature and total water fluctuations, provides a better representation of the cloud variability than the total water content. The probability density functions (PDFs) of LES saturation deficit generally have the shape of a main asymmetric bell-shaped curve with a more or less distinct secondary maximum specific to each type of PBL clouds. Unimodal theoretical PDFs, even those with a flexible skewness, are not sufficient to correctly fit the LES distributions, especially the long tail that appears for cumulus clouds. They do not provide a unified approach for all cloud types. The cloud fraction and the mean cloud water content, diagnosed from these unimodal PDFs, are largely underestimated. The use of a double Gaussian distribution allows correction of these errors on cloud fields and provides a better estimation of the cloud-base and cloud-top heights. Eventually, insights for the design of a subgrid statistical cloud scheme are provided, in particular a new formulation for the weight of the two Gaussian distributions and for the standard deviation of the convective distribution.  相似文献   

Criteria for the identification of ventifacts in the geological record: A review and new insights   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Marc Durand  Sylvie Bourquin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(3):111-125

Ventifacts (wind-worn stones) are typical of terrestrial environments remained very long without any vegetation, under hot or cold climates. Therefore, within the sedimentary record, they can allow recognizing desert conditions, even where no aeolian dune deposits are preserved. There seems that, in the recent literature, pebbles and cobbles from various palaeoenvironments were mistaken for ventifacts. This may partly be explained by the scatter and relative scarcity of illustrations to which refer. The aim of this paper is to help recognizing ventifacts in the sedimentary record, based on a critical review of the diagnostic properties generally used, and on new studies permitting to suggest additional criteria. After an evaluation of the sedimentary contexts favourable to preserving ventifacts, the distinctive characters that could be seen on each one are treated in order of increasing alteration of the original appearance: surface features, medium-scale features (new types of pit especially), and general shape. Finally, the problem of distinguishing between ventifacts and aquafacts is approached.  相似文献   

A 70 Ma record of suprasolidus conditions in the large,hot, long‐duration Grenville Orogen          下载免费PDF全文

François Turlin  Clara Deruy  Aurélien Eglinger  Olivier Vanderhaeghe  Anne‐Sylvie André‐Mayer  Marc Poujol  Abdelali Moukhsil  Fabien Solgadi 《地学学报》2018,30(3):233-243

Petrochronology of magmatic monazite and apatite from a single paragneiss leucosome derived by in situ partial melting documents the thermal evolution of the Allochthonous Belt of the central Grenville Province. Monazite records suprasolidus metamorphism from ca. 1080 to 1020 Ma under high temperature up to 850°C. Apatite from the same leucosome yields an age of 960 Ma, consistent with cooling of this crustal segment down to subsolidus conditions of ca. 450°C. A pegmatitic granite dyke, with lobate contacts, previously dated at ca. 1005 Ma (Turlin et al., 2017 ) is interpreted to intrude the paragneisses at a temperature of ca. 650°C close to the wet‐solidus. These data document slow cooling at a rate of 2–6°C/Ma for the middle crust of this part of the Grenville hinterland marked by protracted suprasolidus conditions for at least 70 Ma. It supports the definition of the Grenville Orogen as a large, hot, long‐duration orogen.  相似文献