NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEATING ANOMALY EFFECTS OF TIBETAN PLATEAU ON CIRCULATION IN SUMMER          下载免费PDF全文

Qian Yongfu  Liu Xiaodong  Zhong Zhong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1992,6(1):70-81

A 5-layer numerical model with p-σ incorporated coordinate system and primitive equations is used to simulatethe effects of heating anomaly at and over the Tibetan(Qinghai-Xizang)Plateau on the circulations in East Asia in sum-mer,The model is described briefly in the text and the results are analysed in somewhat detail.Results show that the sur-face albedo,the drag coefficient,the evaporation rate and the ground temperature all have large influences on the circula-tion near the Plateau and in East Asia.When the heating at the surface increases,the Tibetan high in the uppertroposphere intensifies,too.Its area enlarges and its axis tilts to northwest.The upper tropical easterly increase andshifts to north.The southwesterly in the lower troposphere,in consistence,also increases.The cross-equatorial low-lev-el currents along Somali and South India are influenced to increase their speeds while those over North Australia de-crease.The land low over the Asian Continent deepens.Meanwhile the upward motions over the land of east China andover the Indo-China Peninsula intensify and therefore the precipitation over those areas increases.However,along thecoastal area of China the upward motions and therefore the precipitation decrease.Atmospheric heat source anomaly has large influence on the circulation,too.Simulated results indicate that heatsource anomaly in the lower atmosphere over the Plateau influences the intensity and the position of the monsoon circu-lation while that in the upper atmosphere only affects the intensity.The heating status over the Plateau has slight influ-ence on the westerly jet,north of the Plateau,while it has strong effect on the subtropical jet at the mid and low latitudes.  相似文献   

农田土壤水分预测模型应用研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

申双和  周英 《南京气象学院学报》1992,15(4):540-549

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一种干旱指数计算方法的研究和应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

金龙  罗莹 《南京气象学院学报》1992,15(4):584-590

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ANALYSIS OF SOIL EROSION CHARACTERISTICS AND SEDIMENT SOURCES FOR THE YANTZE THREE GORGES REGION     

SHI Deming  YANG Yansheng  LU Xixi  and LIANG Ying 《国际泥沙研究》1992,(2)

In this paper the researches made in 1981-1990 have identified that the annual soil loss in the Three Gorges region is 157 million t. and the annual incoming sediment load of the Three Gorges reservoir is 40 million t. Soil erosion increases with the destruction of vegetative cover and its subsequent evolution. The annual amounts of sediment erosion for forest land, shrub land, grassland and farmland make up respectively 6.19%, 10.76%, 23.05% and 60% of the total erosion of the Three Gorges region; the quantities of incoming sediment load to the Yangtze River from the above four types of land account for 5.95%, 12.42%, 35.46% and 46.1 % of the total amount of sediment transported to the reservoir. The farmland of offers the main source of sediment. Gravitational erosion produces more bed loads, which will present serious threat to the Three Gorges Project if entering the reservoir. Resettlement of people to the upper parts of the mountainous areas for agricultural production will increase the sediment yield of the Three Gorges region by 10-20 million t and increase the incoming sediment of the Yangtze River by 50-60 million t. Consequently, it is necessary to make a realistic assessment of the soil erosion in the Three Gorges region.  相似文献   

距今14亿年低生物量的碳同位素证据   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

钟华  陈锦石 《地质科学》1992,(2):160-168

北京十三陵和天津蓟县两剖面中距今十四亿年海相碳酸盐岩的碳同位素表明,十三陵—蓟县地区当时具有较低的δ¹³C 值(共分析了152个样品),平均占δ¹³C=-0.7‰(PDB)。这种较低的δ¹³C 值很可能具有全球性。原始的海相碳酸盐岩较低的碳同位素组或反映较低的有机碳埋藏速率。有机碳的埋藏速率与当时全球生物量的大小有着密切的关系。磷酸盐岩较低的δ¹³C 值进一步反映当时较小的全球生物量的存在。每年8.11×10⁸吨有机碳推测是距今十四亿年全球生物量的最小值。  相似文献   

中强震前后泉水中砷含量变化特征及其在地震预报中应用的可行性研究     

杨崇义  杨静修  陈兰庆  钟心  张宝  杨仁华 《地震工程学报》1992,14(4):25-31

作者在滇西红河断裂带北段布设了5个泉点,开展了砷含量变化的观测研究。通过近三年的观测,发现泉水中砷含量的变化能较好地反映该地区的中强地震活动,地震前泉水中砷含量明显增高。以澜沧7.6级地震为例,讨论了地震前后地下水中砷含量的异常特征及异常机理,并对其在地震预报中应用的可行性进行了论证。  相似文献   

新疆尉犁县蛭石矿床成因及矿床模式探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

殷宝祥 《新疆地质》1992,(1)

本文通过新疆尉犁县蛭石矿床的研究指出,与蛭石成矿密切相关的云母岩是碱性超基性岩经同源高温气液多次反复交代所形成之蚀变岩。并证实,在热液阶段,不能直接形成蛭石矿,只有在风化作用阶段,金(黑)云母经水化之后才铲最终成矿。在搞清成矿地质背景、成矿机制、成矿过程的基础上,确定该蛭石矿床成因类型为:与碱性超基性岩有关的气化—高温热液交代—风化壳型蛭石矿床,并初步构想了该蛭石矿床之成矿模式。  相似文献   

煤岩的显微构造特征及其与瓦斯突出的关系——以南桐鱼田堡煤矿为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李康  钟大 《地质学报》1992,66(2)

煤瓦斯突出与煤岩显微结构构造密切相关。除部分显微结构构造与成煤阶段的环境等有关外,大部分都是构造变形的结果。因此,我们从构造变形类型和特点来划分煤岩显徽构造类型,既简便又利于应用。根据四川南桐鱼田堡煤矿4号及6号煤层的扫描电子显微镜研究,可将煤岩划分成5类:非构造煤、微裂隙煤、微劈理煤、碎裂构造煤和糜棱构造煤。文中详述了各类煤的特点,指出它们所代表的构造意义,并讨论了它们与瓦斯突出的关系。还特别提出糜棱构造煤的一系列塑性变形特征。得出结论:若其他条件均具备,有糜棱构造煤产出的地段,就可能是瓦斯突出最危险的部位。此外,根据观察煤瓦斯突出后的煤岩显微构造变化,提出有关瓦斯突出的过程,并探讨了煤瓦斯突出机理。在瓦斯突出过程中,已经历过塑性变形的煤岩又叠加了脆性变形,因而发生大量煤“粉尘”随突出而抛出。  相似文献   

泥沙起动条件与卵石浅滩航道整治线宽度的确定     

钱恩清 《地理研究》1992,11(2):17-25

在简述泥沙起动条件表达式的基础上,本文分析卵石浅滩整治与泥沙起动条件的关系。根据起动拖曳力和起动流速的概念,分别导出了卵石浅滩航道整治宽度计算公式,并用北江整治河段的实测资料对诸公式作了比较。结果表明,式(16)的计算值与实际采用值有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

影响大兴安岭焚风的几个因子^*     

齐瑛  傅抱璞 《地理研究》1992,11(3):16-21

本文借助二维大气中尺度数值模式,讨论了我国东北地区1月份大兴安岭东坡的焚风与山区地形形状的关系,并定性地绘出了该焚风现象生消的背景条件。  相似文献