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11.
Estimating sediment deposition volume in a reservoir using the physiographic soil erosion-deposition model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A traditional way to estimate the amount of sediment deposition in a reservoir is simply based on the variation in the elevation measurements made at different times.In the present study,a physiographic soil erosion-deposition(PSED) model is applied to.Tseng-Wen reservoir watershed to compute the discharge and sediment concentration into the reservoir,and the deposition volume.The PSED model is verified using three storm events and then compared to the historic data recorded at the hydrological stations in the reservoir watershed,which shows close agreement between the simulated and recorded values of the flow discharge into the reservoir and the corresponding sediment yield. The numerical simulation was also conducted for all rainfall events from 1996 to 2001 to estimate the annual sediment deposition volume in the reservoir.Similarly,the simulated result was compared to that obtained from the cross-section elevation measurement.It is found that some measured data points had large uncertainty or were questionable.On the contrary,the model results and the measured data that renders the model credible.Therefore,regardless of the estimation for the flow discharge into the reservoir induced by a single rainfall event,the sediment yield,or the sediment deposition,the PSED model has successfully demonstrated its ability. 相似文献
12.
Wen-Yi CHANG Jihn-Sung LAI Teng-Yi YU Franco LIN Lung-Cheng LEE Whey-Fone TSAI Chin-Hsiung LOH 《国际泥沙研究》2014,29(2):269-277
A scour monitoring system with a micro camera tracking the bed-level images is proposed in this study.Two image recognition algorithms have been developed to support the bed-level image tracking approach.Through the laboratory experiments of pier scour,this study demonstrates that the proposed system is able to accurately monitor the scour-depth evolution in real time.In addition,five commonly-used temporal scour models are employed to simulate scour-depth evolution and their results are compared with monitoring data.In general,the results indicate that the proposed scour monitoring system has the potential for further applications in the field. 相似文献
13.
An analytical solution is undertaken to describe the wave-induced flow field and the surge motion of a permeable platform structure with fuzzy controllers in an oceanic environment. In the design procedure of the controller, a parallel distributed compensation (PDC) scheme is utilized to construct a global fuzzy logic controller by blending all local state feedback controllers. A stability analysis is carried out for a real structure system by using Lyapunov method. The corresponding boundary value problems are then incorporated into scattering and radiation problems. They are analytically solved, based on separation of variables, to obtain series solutions in terms of the harmonic incident wave motion and surge motion. The dependence of the wave-induced flow field and its resonant frequency on wave characteristics and structure properties including platform width, thickness and mass has been thus drawn with a parametric approach. From which mathematical models are applied for the wave-induced displacement of the surge motion. A nonlinearly inverted pendulum system is employed to demonstrate that the controller tuned by swarm intelligence method can not only stabilize the nonlinear system, but has the robustness against external disturbance. 相似文献
14.
Modeling of suspended sediment particle movement in surface water can be achieved by stochastic particle tracking model approaches.In this paper,different mathematical forms of particle tracking models are introduced to describe particle movement under various flow conditions,i.e.,the stochastic diffusion process,stochastic jump process,and stochastic jump diffusion process.While the stochastic diffusion process can be used to represent the stochastic movement of suspended particles in turbulent flows,the stochastic jump and the stochastic jump diffusion processes can be used to describe suspended particle movement in the occurrences of a sequence of extreme flows.An extreme flow herein is defined as a hydrologic flow event or a hydrodynamic flow phenomenon with a low probability of occurrence and a high impact on its ambient flow environment.In this paper,the suspended sediment particle is assumed to immediately follow the extreme flows in the jump process（i.e.the time lag between the flow particle and the sediment particle in extreme flows is considered negligible）.In the proposed particle tracking models,a random term mainly caused by fluid eddy motions is modeled as a Wiener process,while the random occurrences of a sequence of extreme flows can be modeled as a Poisson process.The frequency of occurrence of the extreme flows in the proposed particle tracking model can be explicitly accounted for by the Poisson process when evaluating particle movement.The ensemble mean and variance of particle trajectory can be obtained from the proposed stochastic models via simulations.The ensemble mean and variance of particle velocity are verified with available data.Applicability of the proposed stochastic particle tracking models for sediment transport modeling is also discussed. 相似文献
15.
祁连造山带是中国主要造山带之一,大致分为北祁连、中祁连、南祁连和拉鸡山4个变质区.本文研究的中祁连地块前震旦纪马衔山群及其邻近的震旦纪地层与奥陶纪地层位于距兰州市东北150 km处,由东向西北依次为寺儿沟、铁成沟、天祝三峡森林公园、北山国家公园(那新沟)和岗口子北等剖面.对上述剖面进行的矿物组合、微构造和矿物化学成分研究结果表明,马衔山群变质作用过程为:峰期角闪岩相变质,矿物组合为黑云母+角闪石,温压分别为618℃和0.65 GPa;绿帘角闪岩相变质,矿物组合为绿帘石+钠长石+钙质角闪石;绿片岩相变质,矿物组合为阳起石±脆绿泥石+方解石.马衔山群的石榴石具生长环带,从核心到边缘,Mn含量减少,Fe含量渐增,在压力不变的情况下此种成分变化指示温度的上升,核心和边缘的温度分别为418℃和545℃.钙质角闪石不具化学环带.Ar-Ar法定年结果显示,角闪岩中角闪石与花岗岩中黑云母的坪年龄分别为340.0±0.50 Ma和323.4±0.65 Ma,反映了前震旦纪马衔山群在石炭纪受区域变质活动发生再活化作用的下限年龄.震旦纪地层的岩石类型主要为绿片岩,矿物组合为绿泥石+钠长石+赤铁矿+方解石+石英,局部受韧性剪切带影响而产生糜棱岩化作用.奥陶纪地层主要岩石类型为大理岩,碳酸盐类矿物主要为方解石和白云石,其中除有磷灰石夹层外,还有高镁的金云母. 相似文献
16.
H. C. TSAI 《地震工程与结构动力学》1996,25(1):1-13
Explicit forms of the modal parameters and the envelope of the Green's function for transient response of main structures equipped with vibration absorbers are derived using a perturbation technique and assuming that the natural frequency of the absorber is slightly detuned from that of the main structure. Applying these perturbation solutions, the influence of the absorber parameters on the dynamic response of main structures is investigated and the ratio of the envelope for the main mass with absorber to that without absorber is constructed to provide insight to evaluate the effectiveness of the absorber to diminish the vibrations of main structures. 相似文献
17.
1 INTRODUTIONTaiwan is a hilly-mountainous island lying across the center of the tropic. The slopeland accounts fortwo thirds of the total area of Taiwan. Most mountains are consisted of geologically young rocks incategories of fissile slates and shales which are easily eroded by weather. TOrrents combined with fissileslates and shales form debris flows with a very strong destrUctive power. This kind of debris flow canpotentially occur for almost all torrents whose gradient is steeper th… 相似文献
18.
In this paper a series of numerical simulations are performed to investigate the vortex shedding mechanism for a solitary wave propagating over a submerged breakwater by use of Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model combined with a k-ε model. Flows of different Reynolds numbers up to Re=1.4×105 corresponding to varying incident wave heights are considered in which the characteristic fluid velocity is represented by the maximum horizontal velocity above the submerged breakwater. For the verification of... 相似文献
19.
Numerical Simulation of Bragg Reflection Based on Linear Waves Propagation over A Series of Rectangular Seabed 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A numerical model, Evolution Equation of Mild-Slope Equation （EEMSE） developed by Hsu et al. （2003）, was applied to study the Bragg reflection of water waves over a series of rectangular seabed. Three key parameters of the Bragg reflection including the peak coefficient of primary Bragg reflection, its corresponding relative wavelength, and the bandwidth, have shown to be effective in describing the characteristics of the primary Bragg reflection. The characteristics of the Bragg reflection were investigated under the various conditions comprising number, height, and spacing interval of a series of rectangular seabed. The results reveal that the peak of Bragg reflection increases with the increase of rectangular seabed height and number, the bandwidth and the shift value of the Bragg reflection depend on the increase of the rectangular seabed height as well as the decrease of rectangular seabed number, and the relative rectangular seabed spacing in the rang of 3 and 4 could produce higher Bragg reflection. Finally, a correlative and regressive analysis is performed by use of the calculated data. Based on the results of the analysis, empirical equations were established. Our study results can provide an appropriate choice of a series of rectangular seabed field for a practical design. 相似文献
20.
Jurassic Black Shales Facies from Qiangtang Basin (Northern Tibet):Rare Earth and Trace Elements for Paleoceanographic Implications 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CHEN Lan YI Haisheng TSAI Louis Loung-Yie XU Guiwen DA Xuejuan LIN Andrew Tien-Shun 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(2):540-554
The Biluo Co and Amdo 114 station, northern Tibet, cropping out the Early Toarcian and Middle-Late Tithonian (Jurassic) organic-rich black shales, have been a focus to petroleum geologists in discussing their oil-producing potential. This paper first reports the trace elements and rare earth elements to discuss the paleoenvironments, redox conditions and sedimentary mechanisms of those black shales. Both sections exhibit variation in trace element abundances with concentrations <0.1 ppm to 760 ppm, mostly enriched in V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ba and U. Element ratios of Ni/Co, V/Cr, U/Th and V/(V+Ni) plus U were used to identify redox conditions. The shale-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns are characterized by the flat-shale type with instable Ce anomalies and very weekly positive Eu anomalies. Positive Ceanom values are significant with values varying between –0.064 and 0.029 in Biluo Co, which may be interpreted as release of REE and input of riverine terrestrial matter with rich Ce (resulting in pH change) during the anoxic conditions. In the middle parts of Amdo 114 station, distinct negative Ceanom values are observed (?0.238 to ?0.111) and associated surface water warming were interpreted as being related to a major sea level rise. In contrast, the formation of the black shales in the lower and upper part of the studied succession took place during a cooler (Ceanom values >–0.10), lower surface water productivity, and lower sea-level stage. Thus, we emphasize the role of different factors that control the formation of local and regional black shales. The most important factors are sea-level fluctuations and increasing productivity. 相似文献