Wall building stiffness and strength effect on content sliding in Wellington seismic conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Trevor Z. Yeow  Gregory A. MacRae  Rajesh P. Dhakal 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(6):1023-1042

A numerical study of unobstructed content sliding within several low‐to‐midrise reinforced concrete cantilever wall buildings designed to Wellington conditions in New Zealand is performed to validate the belief that increasing a building's strength and/or stiffness would result in more severe sliding response. It was shown that contents within stronger buildings experienced larger sliding response. If the building was designed to be strong, the sliding response of contents with a friction coefficient of 0.1 was smaller in stiffer buildings compared with those in flexible buildings. However, the trends start reversing with an increase in friction coefficient or a decrease in building strength. Overall, content sliding is not necessarily more severe in stiffer buildings, and in many cases, the opposite is true. This study's findings were compared against an existing parametric equation for estimating the maximum sliding displacement. This equation, which was originally derived for contents located within elastic frame buildings, was found to be more efficient than considering total floor accelerations alone but was underconservative by a mean of 17% for yielding multistorey buildings. A design procedure considering content sliding using the parametric equation and an example are provided. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A modified morphodynamic model for investigating the response of rivers to short-term climate change     

Patrick M. Verhaar  Pascale M. Biron  Robert I. Ferguson  Trevor B. Hoey 《Geomorphology》2008,101(4):674-682

Near-future climate change will affect the discharge and base level of rivers and thus cause channel changes. The nature and pace of such changes can be simulated using morphodynamic models. As part of an investigation of how the changing hydrology of the St-Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada, will affect its tributaries we have made additions and modifications to a one-dimensional morphodynamic model developed for gravel-bed rivers (SEDROUT). The changes allow simulation of sand-bed rivers, variable discharge, downstream water level fluctuations, and flow and sediment routing in channels with islands. A revised formulation for calculating the grain size distributions of the surface and subsurface material is presented to allow for alternating sedimentation and erosion. We test the enhanced model using small-scale simulations and present-day conditions in four tributaries of the St-Lawrence River. The model is calibrated and validated for the tributaries and the capability to simulate river morphology over a 100-year period is tested. Good validation agreement on water level, cross-sectional mean velocity, and sediment transport rate is obtained for the four tributaries of the St-Lawrence River. With these modifications, modelling a very wide range of river morphodynamic problems is now possible.  相似文献