The aqueous geochemistry of Zr and the solubility of some Zr-bearing minerals   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stephen U. Aja  Scott A. Wood  Anthony E. Williams-Jones 《Applied Geochemistry》1995,10(6)

Literature data on the thermodynamics of complexation of Zr with inorganic species, at 25°C, have been critically reviewed. The preponderance of published complexation constants deal with F⁻ and OH⁻ ions. Stability constants for the complexation reactions are relatively independent of ionic strength and thus recomended values for each ligand type are averages of the most reliable data. Complexation constants under elevated conditions (T 250°C andP_v = P_H2O) have been predicted for various Zr complexes (F⁻, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻ and OH⁻) using Helgeson's electrostatic approach. Predominance diagrams (calculated for simple systems with these constants) suggest that, over a wide range of pH conditions, Zr(OH)_4(aq) will dominate the aqueous geochemistry of Zr except under very high activities of competing ligands (e.g., F⁻, SO₄²⁻).The solubilities of vlasovite [Na₂ZrSi₄O₁₁] and weloganite [Sr₃Na₂Zr(CO₃)₆·3H₂O have been measured in KCI solutions (0.5–1.0 M) at 50°C. Weloganite dissolution is complicated by the predictable precipitation of strontianite (SrCO₃) whereas vlasovite dissolves incongruently. Solubility products for the dissolution of welonganite and vlasovite are determined to be −28.96±0.14 and −20.40±1.18, respectively. Concentrations of Zr up to 10⁻³ m were present in the experimental solutions; the presence of large amounts of Zr in aqueous solutions support the possibility of extensive remobilization of Zr during hydrothermal mineralization.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地塔北隆起碳酸盐岩油气成藏特点   总被引：20，自引：1，他引：19  

吕修祥周新源  李建交王清华 杨宁 《地质学报》2007,81(8):1057-1064

塔北隆起自早古生代以来经历了长期的挤压隆升剥蚀过程,结合寒武系膏盐的塑性上拱,形成了两种基本的碳酸盐岩圈闭类型,即风化壳潜山和内幕背斜圈闭。塔北隆起南临古生代满加尔凹陷、北临中新生代库车坳陷,具有捕获南北两侧海陆两相油气来源的条件,经历了海西期、燕山期和喜马拉雅山期3期成藏。储集空间主要靠溶蚀孔洞和裂缝。石炭系中—上泥岩段和白垩系卡普沙良群泥岩两套区域性盖层对碳酸盐岩风化壳潜山油气聚集起着至关重要的作用。不整合面和断裂是控制塔北隆起油气成藏的两个最关键的因素,不整合面既控制着岩溶储层的发育分布又是油气侧向运移的优势通道;断裂活动形成破碎带、裂缝带进而改善储层性能,同时断裂也是油气垂向运移的优势通道。  相似文献   

Response of a coupled ocean-ice-atmosphere model to data assimilation in the tropical zone of the Pacific Ocean     

K. P. Belyaev  N. P. Tuchkova  U. Cubash 《Oceanology》2010,50(3):306-316

This paper deals with numerical experiments based on the coupled ECHAM-HOPE model. The results of experiments are analyzed. The initial fields for the calculations over time periods from one month to one year are constructed based on the results of the data assimilation of temperature profiles from TOGA-TAO moorings. The perturbations of the initial fields and the propagation of these perturbations with specific computational time intervals are analyzed on the basis of the results of these experiments. It is shown that the strongest impacts of the perturbations are localized in specific regions of the World Ocean corresponding to the energetically active zones of the Earth. The mechanism of the transition of these perturbations is also studied. Different statistical properties of the ensemble of experiments are presented.  相似文献   

Trophic position of Calanus finmarchicus (Copepoda, Calanoida) in the Trondheim Fjord     

A. Saage  D. Altin  O. Vadstein  U. Sommer 《Journal of Sea Research》2008,59(3):162-172

The trophic position of Calanus finmarchicus in the Trondheim Fjord in 2004 was determined through stable isotope analyses. Wild specimens were sampled monthly in the fjord and δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N signatures of the developmental stages from CIII to adults were measured. There were statistically significant differences in the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N signatures of three identified groups: overwintered parental generation, developing new generation and new generation preparing for overwintering. C. finmarchicus individuals raised in a laboratory on a pure algal diet (Dunaliella tertiolecta and Isochrysis galbana) provided stable isotope signatures for purely herbivorous copepods. With these signatures as comparison, the trophic position of C. finmarchicus in the Trondheim Fjord in 2004 was determined as trophic level 2.4, thus indicating omnivory under natural conditions. Additionally, our data suggest that seasonal differences in the δ¹³C signatures of C. finmarchicus are due to the varying lipid content of the different developmental stages.  相似文献   

Heavy metal bioaccumulation and toxicity with special reference to microalgae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. K. I. U. Arunakumara ZHANG Xuecheng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):60-64

  相似文献   

现行黄河口水下三角洲海底形貌及不稳定性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨作升  G.H.Keller  陆念祖  D.B.Prior  林天充  B.D.Bornhold  许卫东  L.D.Wright  J.Suhayda  曹立华  W.J.Wisenman 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(1)

高分辨力的声学仪器调查表明,现行黄河口水下三角洲海底的形貌十分复杂,由于高浓度巨量黄河泥沙快速沉积的结果,使河口底坡出现了大量的不稳定性现象,如塌陷冲沟,高密度沉积物重力流,切割—充填结构海底,V形水下河谷、滑塌等。根据海底扰动程度作了分区,划分了地形单元,并对不同的海底形态的成因作了分析。比较了1985和1986年两个航次考查结果的变动,分析了原因。  相似文献   

Analysis of Gable-Roofed Building Signature in Multiaspect InSAR Data     

Thiele  A. Cadario  E. Schulz  K. Soergel  U. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2010,7(1):83-87

The spatial resolution of state-of-the-art synthetic aperture radar sensors enables the structure analysis of urban areas. The appearance of buildings in magnitude images in settlements is dominated by the effects of the inherent oblique scene illumination. In urban residential districts, salient pairs of parallel lines of bright magnitude are often caused by direct reflection and double-bounce signal at gable-roofed buildings. In this letter, the magnitude and interferometric phase signature of gable-roofed buildings are discussed to extract reliable building features for reconstruction. The analysis contains signature changes by varying illumination and building geometry. The presented approach is aiming at the reconstruction of gable-roofed buildings by a knowledge-based analysis considering the discussed effects. The reconstruction results are assessed by using a high-resolution LIDAR surface model as ground truth.   相似文献   

Interaction of Aquatic Dissolved Organic Matter(DOM) with Amitrole: The Nature of the Bound Residues     

U. Klaus  T. Oesterreich  M. Volk  M. Spiteller 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1998,26(6):311-317

In this study the binding behaviour of the herbicide amitrole with humic substances respectively dissolved organic matter (DOM) is presented. The results of the binding and release experiments using radio actively ¹⁴C-labelled amitrole ledto the conclusion that the binding of amitrole is very low. About 70% of amitrole bound to humic substances was not extractable. The releasable amitrole portion of the purified DOM-amitrolecomplexes led to a harmful effect in the cress test. Solid-state cross polarisation (CP) magic angle spinning (MAS) ¹⁵N-NMR spectroscopy is a powerful spectroscopic method to elucidate the structure of bound xenobiotics. In addition extraction experiments were used resulting in a binding scheme of amitrole to DOM, where above all the covalent bonding occurred via acid amide bonds.  相似文献   

Spectroscopic survey of the Galaxy with Gaia– II. The expected science yield from the Radial Velocity Spectrometer     

M. I. Wilkinson  A. Vallenari  C. Turon  U. Munari  D. Katz  G. Bono  M. Cropper  A. Helmi  N. Robichon  F. Thévenin  S. Vidrih  T. Zwitter  F. Arenou  M.-O. Baylac  G. Bertelli  A. Bijaoui  F. Boschi  F. Castelli  F. Crifo  M. David  A. Gomboc  A. Gómez  M. Haywood  U. Jauregi  P. de Laverny  Y. Lebreton  P. Marrese  T. Marsh  S. Mignot  D. Morin  S. Pasetto  M. Perryman  A. Pr&#;a  A. Recio-Blanco  F. Royer  A. Sellier  A. Siviero  R. Sordo  C. Soubiran  L. Tomasella  Y. Viala 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,359(4):1306-1335

  相似文献   

A Late Quaternary lake record from the Qilian Mountains (NW China): lake level and salinity changes inferred from sediment properties and ostracod assemblages   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

S. Mischke  U. Herzschuh  C. Zhang  J. Bloemendal  F. Riedel   《Global and Planetary Change》2005,46(1-4):337

Two sediment cores (length 13.94 and 12.93 m) have been drilled from the small alpine Lake Luanhaizi in the eastern central Qilian Mountains and correlated by means of magnetic susceptibility (MS). This paper focuses on the lithology and chronology of the longer core, on the results of loss on ignition (LOI), element concentration, thermomagnetic as well as magnetic hysteresis loop measurements, and on the ostracod record.The recovered sediments represent three types of depositional environment: a shallow intermittent lake, a deeper permanent lake and a true playa lake. Three stages of a higher lake level and permanence of the water body are reconstructed. The lowermost stage of a permanent lake and inferred favourable environmental conditions occurred probably about 45 ¹⁴C ka BP. The second stage of a deeper permanent lake occurred either shortly before or, more likely, following the LGM. Most favourable environmental conditions and highest water levels were reconstructed for the uppermost stage comprising the Holocene. Considering the lake record, glaciers have not reached the lake site at 3200 m altitude during the LGM, providing further evidence against a large ice sheet on the Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献