Mapping acidic mine waste with seasonal airborne hyperspectral imagery at varying spatial scales     

Gwendolyn E. Davies  Wendy M. Calvin 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(12):432

Airborne imaging spectrometer (also known as hyperspectral) remote sensing has been widely used to characterize mineralogy on mine waste surfaces, which is useful for predicting potential sources of acidity and metal leaching. The most successful applications employ fine spatial resolution—20-m pixels or smaller. Future satellite imaging spectrometer sensors are proposed to provide coarser spatial resolution—30- to 60-m pixels. This study examined the ability to map minerals related to acid mine drainage with visible to shortwave infrared hyperspectral imagery at varying spatial scales (2-, 15-, 30-, 60-m pixels) at the Leviathan mine Superfund site, located in the Eastern Sierra Nevada. Mineral maps were produced using spectral angle mapper and matched filtering algorithms. The 15-m images provided comparable maps to the 2-m images. The 30- and 60-m images lost the ability to identify smaller features; however, they were still able to identify high- and low-priority remediation zones at least 75 m in width. Based on our results, we believe 30-m spatial resolution on a satellite hyperspectral sensor will be sufficient for identifying hazardous surfaces at larger mine waste sites and provide important reconnaissance information that can help prioritize detailed ground-based studies.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Impact of Potential Extreme Rainfall Events on Mining in Peru     

Gonzalez  Francisco R.  Raval  Simit  Taplin  Ros  Timms  Wendy  Hitch  Michael 《Natural Resources Research》2019,28(2):393-408

Natural Resources Research - The impact that climate change may play in the future sustainability of mining projects has become increasingly important for the mining industry and its stakeholders....  相似文献   

“We Don’t Take the Pledge”: Environmentality and environmental skepticism at the epicenter of US wind energy development     

Wendy Jepson  Christian Brannstrom  Nicole Persons 《Geoforum》2012,43(4):851-863

This study analyzes pro-wind, “anti-environmental” discourses prevalent among key stakeholders in Nolan County, Texas, the epicenter of US wind power. We draw upon interviews conducted within a Q-method study to examine environmental views held by key actors in wind-farm development. We frame our analysis within the theoretical field that engages the formation of environmental subjects, defined as the process through which individuals and communities align their environmental practices with state ends. We argue that this is a process that can be incomplete or in tension with other subject positions, which together may lead to unexpected environmental views. We introduce “environmental skepticism,” defined as a rejection of ecological science steeped in deep anthropocentrism and possessive individualism, as a dominant counter-narrative informing certain environmental subjectivities. The remainder of the paper describes Texas wind stakeholders’ views or subject positions on energy and the environment and reveals how environmental skepticism is not overturned even as renewable energy supports the local economy. We analyze wind stakeholders’ environmental subjectivity in terms of emergent subject positions as “reflexive environmental skepticism,” a view that accepts the economic products, processes, and policy innovations advocated by ecological modernization without accepting the core claim that innovations are required to adapt to environmental change.  相似文献   

Travelling technocrats, embodied knowledges: Globalising privatisation in telecoms and water   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Wendy Larner 《Geoforum》2010,41(2):218-226

The decade from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s was a key moment in the unfolding of the global privatisation agenda. During this decade privatisation shifted from a nation-state project to become part of the structural adjustment measures associated with economic globalisation. These measures were not only promoted by international institutions such as the World Bank and IMF, but by a range of other organisations and actors who have received little attention. In particular, virtually no attention has been paid to the mid-level technocrats who enacted privatisation strategies and techniques. This paper focuses on these actors through the cases of New Zealand telecommunications engineers and British water engineers. In discussing the significance of these actors we argue for the unpacking of the messy histories, geographies and sociologies of privatisation using both publicly available documents and ethnographic methods. This will allow us to understand why certain courses of action were pursued in particular times and places, why other actions dropped out, and will reveal more about the national imaginaries and embodied knowledges underpinning the globalisation of privatisation.  相似文献   

Conservation in a complex management environment: The by-catch of sea turtles in North Carolina’s commercial fisheries     

Catherine M. McClellan  Andrew J. Read  Wendy M. Cluse  Matthew H. Godfrey 《Marine Policy》2011

Despite a powerful, federal legislative framework established to protect threatened and endangered species in the United States, conservation actions can be hindered by the complexity of the full management structure. This is particularly true when state and federal agencies share the responsibility to conserve endangered species. To illustrate this point, this paper describes the management of sea turtle by-catch in commercial fisheries within the state waters of North Carolina. It reviews past and present by-catches, summarizes state and federal efforts intended to reduce sea turtle by-catch, and discusses the challenges posed by the involvement of multiple agencies with conflicting objectives. It concludes by recommending fundamental changes to this management framework and, in particular, proposes the establishment of a multilayered stakeholder group that would work to reduce sea turtle by-catch while supporting vibrant commercial fisheries in the state.  相似文献   

An evaluation of the application of CHEMTAX to Antarctic coastal pigment data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wendy A. Kozlowski  Douglas Deutschman 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(4):350-364

Presented is an evaluation of the application of CHEMTAX (CHEMical TAXonomy) to Antarctic coastal pigments collected along the western Antarctic Peninsula (wAP). Overall analytical error is <20% for all pigments involved in the analysis. CHEMTAX was stable within a range of input pigment ratios; data were analyzed in three bins based on light depths, with each year's data run independently. Results were validated by comparison to those from CHEMTAX methods that included randomized error, feedback loops and additional diagnostic pigments. Blooms during mid-summer (chlorophyll a concentrations >5 ??g L⁻¹) were dominated primarily by either diatoms or cryptomonads. Mixed flagellates can also be abundant and Pheaocystis spp. and prasinophytes are frequently present in low concentrations. Comparison with microscopy shows CHEMTAX to give superior results in identifying Pheaocystis spp. with favorable results for other groups. This analysis shows CHEMTAX to be a reliable and stable tool for providing estimations of the main phytoplankton taxa in wAP waters based on long-term data collected during a 12-year time series.  相似文献   

Sewer Gas: An Indoor Air Source of PCE to Consider During Vapor Intrusion Investigations     

Wendy J. Heiger‐Bernays 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2013,33(3):119-126

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is finalizing its vapor intrusion guidelines. One of the important issues related to vapor intrusion is background concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air, typically attributed to consumer products and building materials. Background concentrations can exist even in the absence of vapor intrusion and are an important consideration when conducting site assessments. In addition, the development of accurate conceptual models that depict pathways for vapor entry into buildings is important during vapor intrusion site assessments. Sewer gas, either as a contributor to background concentrations or as part of the site conceptual model, is not routinely evaluated during vapor intrusion site assessments. The research described herein identifies an instance where vapors emanating directly from a sanitary sewer pipe within a residence were determined to be a source of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) detected in indoor air. Concentrations of PCE in the bathroom range from 2.1 to 190 µg/m³ and exceed typical indoor air concentrations by orders of magnitude resulting in human health risk classified as an “Imminent Hazard” condition. The results suggest that infiltration of sewer gas resulted in PCE concentrations in indoor air that were nearly two orders of magnitude higher as compared to when infiltration of sewer gas was not known to be occurring. This previously understudied pathway whereby sewers serve as sources of PCE (and potentially other VOC) vapors is highlighted. Implications for vapor intrusion investigations are also discussed.  相似文献   

Imagining the Dirty Green City     

Wendy Steele  Aidan Davison  Aviva Reed 《The Australian geographer》2020,51(2):239-256

ABSTRACT

The green city is being elevated to the status of a self-evident good in the theory and practice of urban sustainability. A large literature documents the linked environmental, economic and well-being benefits associated with vegetating urban systems to maximise the ecosystem function. Contemporary urban greening seeks to challenge attempts to expel nature from the city in a quest for order and control. However, by imagining nature as a new mode of urban purification, much effort in the name of the green city inverts and reproduces dualistic understandings of natural and built space. In response, we disrupt the normative dialectics of purity and dirt that sustain this dualism to expose the untidy but fertile ground of the green city. We draw together Ash Amin’s four registers of the Good City – relatedness, rights, repair and re-enchantment – with the artworks of the Australian visual ecologist Aviva Reed. Our work seeks to enrich the practice of more-than-human urbanism through ‘dirt thinking’ by imagining the transformative possibilities in, of and for the dirty green city.  相似文献   

Application of 1D paleo‐fluvial process modelling at a basin scale to augment sparse borehole data: example of a Permian formation in the Galilee Basin,Australia          下载免费PDF全文

Zhenjiao Jiang  Gregoire Mariethoz  Matthias Raiber  Wendy Timms  Malcolm Cox 《水文研究》2016,30(10):1624-1636

The heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity (K) in water‐bearing formations controls subsurface flow and solute transport processes. Geostatistical techniques are often employed to characterize the K distribution in space based on the correlation between K measurements. However, at the basin scale, there are often insufficient measurements for inferring the spatial correlation. This is a widespread problem that we address in this study using the example of the Betts Creek Beds (BCB) in the Galilee Basin, Australia. To address the lack of data, we use a 1D stochastic fluvial process‐based model (SFPM) to quantify the total sediment thickness, Z( x ), and the sandstone proportion over the total thickness, P_s( x ), in the BCB. The semivariograms of Z( x ) and P_s( x ) are then extracted and used in sequential Gaussian simulation to construct the 2D spatial distribution of Z( x ) and P_s( x ). P_s( x ) can be converted to a K distribution based on classical averaging methods. The results demonstrate that the combination of SFPM and geostatistical simulation allows for the evaluation of upscaled K distribution with a limited number of K measurements. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

New Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC)     

Wendy A. Warr 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,74(1):146

News and Notes

New Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC)  相似文献