Space-continuous measurements on ocean current and chemicalproperties with the intelligent towed vehicle “Flying Fish”     

Koterayama  W. Yamaguchi  S. Yokobiki  T. Jong-Hwan Yoon Hase  H. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2000,25(1):130-138

A research project to develop observation systems for heat, momentum, and material circulation in the ocean and atmosphere was carried out from 1992 to 1997. A pitch, roll, and depth controllable towed vehicle called “Flying Fish” was developed which houses an acoustic Doppler current profiler, CO₂ analyzer, and sensors for measuring temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, and chlorophyll. The length of the vehicle is 3.84 m, the breadth is 2.26 m, the height is 1.4 m, the weight in air is 1400 kg, and the weight in water is roughly 0 kg. Flying Fish enables us to obtain space-continuous data of physical and chemical properties efficiently in the upper mixed layer of the ocean, From 1994 to 1997, the vehicle was used for observations in the northern, southern, and central parts of the Japan Sea in a collaborative study by Japan, Korea, and Russia. Examples of data obtained are shown in this paper and the results of current velocities are compared with those taken by other observation systems  相似文献   

Primary ‘cut-and-fill’ channels and gravitational diagenetic features     

Won C. Park  G. C. Amstutz 《Mineralium Deposita》1968,3(1):66-80

Ore beds with fluorite and sphalerite occur in the Cave-In-Rock fluorite district, Illinois in the upper part of the Mississippian System; in the upper parts of the Fredonia and Joppa Members of the Ste. Genevieve Formation and in the upper part of the Downeys Bluff Formation. Sedimentary structures within the upper two horizons are described and discussed. Primary cut-and-fill channels usually contain broken pieces of dolomite, limestone, shale, sandstone, fluorite and sphalerite. Some of the channels show geopetal features. Horizontal stylolitic seams bend downward and their thicknesses increase while their amplitudes decrease near and along the channel slopes. Another geopetal feature consists of clastic shale fragments which have mechanically filled from above into an open crack formed in the hydroplastic carbonate mud below. A number of features known as collapsed structures prove to be cut-and-fill structures of primary origin. During the compaction, carbonate beds were reduced in thickness by at least 37% through styloitization. The relationships between primary sedimentary channels and fluorite-sphalerite ore rocks suggest that the latter may have been deposited during or after the formation of such sedimentary structures, i. e., during various stages of diagenesis.

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Zusammenfassung Die Fluorit-Zinkblende-Vorkommen des Cave-In-Rock Distrikts von Illinois treten stratigraphisch in den oberen Partien des Mississippian System, speziell in der Fredonia und Joppa Serie der Ste. Genevieve Formation und in der Downeys Bluff Formation auf. Einige sedimentäre Strukturen in diesen beiden oberen Horizonten werden beschrieben und diskutiert. Primäre cut-and-fill channels enthalten im allgemeinen Bruchstücke von Dolomit, Kalk- und Sandstein, Schieferton, Fluorit und Zinkblende. Einige channels zeigen geopetale Gefüge, d. h. horizontale stylolithische Lagen sind mit zunehmender Mächtigkeit und abnehmender Amplitude der Fältelung in der Nähe oder entlang der Flanken der channel Strukturen nach unten durchgebogen. Ein weiteres geopetales Gefüge besteht aus Schieferton-Fragmenten, die mechanisch in eine offene Spalte des darunterliegenden hydroplastischen Karbonatschlammes eingesunken sind. Eine Anzahl von Gefügen, bekannt als collapsed structures scheinen cut-and-fill und slump Strukturen von primär subaquatischer Herkunft zu sein. Während der Diagenese wurden Karbonatbänke durch Stylolithbildung um mindestens 37% der ursprünglichen Mächtigkeit reduziert. Die Beziehungen zwischen den primären sedimentären channels und dem Fluorit-Zinkblende-Erz deuten darauf hin, daß das letztere während oder nach der Bildung der sedimentären Strukturen abgelagert wurde, d. h., während verschiedener Perioden der Diagenese.

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Effects of chlorpyrifos on the endogenous rhythm of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum (Bivalvia: Veneridae)     

Kim WS  Yoon SJ  Yang DB 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,48(1-2):182-187

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Pilot-scale field model tests for detecting landfill leachate intrusion into the subsurface using a grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system     

Myoung?Hak?Oh  Ju?Hyung?Lee  Gil?Lim?Yoon  Junboum?ParkEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(2):181-189

The grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system for detecting exact locations of landfill leachate intrusion in the subsurface was developed in this study. Laboratory and pilot-scale field model tests were performed to evaluate the direct application of a grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system for the detection of landfill leachate. A significant increase in electrical conductivity of soil was observed by adding landfill leachate. This can be explained as an increase in electrical conductivity of pore fluid due to an increase in leachate constituents as charge carriers. In pilot-scale field model tests, leachate intrusion locations were accurately identified at the initial stage of landfill leachate release by the grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system. The electrical conductivity of the subsurface before leachate injection lay within a small range of 24.8–43.0 S/cm. The electrical conductivity values in detected points were approximately ten times more than the conductivity values of the subsurface without landfill leachate intrusion. The results in this study indicate that the grid-net electrical conductivity measurement method has a possible application for detecting locations of landfill leachate intrusion into the subsurface at the initial stage, and thus has great potential in monitoring leachate leakage at waste landfills.  相似文献   

Use of an artificial neural network for analysis of the susceptibility to landslides at Boun,Korea   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

Saro?LeeEmail author  Joo-Hyung?Ryu  Moung-Jin?Lee  Joong-Sun?Won 《Environmental Geology》2003,44(7):820-833

The purpose of this study was to develop landslide susceptibility analysis techniques using artificial neural networks and to apply the resulting techniques to the study area of Boun in Korea. Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field survey data. A spatial database of the topography, soil type, timber cover, geology, and land cover was constructed and the landslide-related factors were extracted from the spatial database. Using these factors, the susceptibility to landslides was analyzed by artificial neural network methods. The results of the landslide susceptibility maps were compared and verified using known landslide locations at another area, Yongin, in Korea. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to analyze efficiently the vast amount of data and an artificial neural network turned out to be an effective tool to analyze the landslide susceptibility.  相似文献   

On Climate Variations and Changes Observed in South Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yong-Seung Chung  Ma-Byung Yoon  Hak-Sung Kim 《Climatic change》2004,66(1-2):151-161

This study describes observations on possible climate changes occurring on the Korean Peninsula. We found that in large urban and industrial areas in Korea, there has been a significant increase in the annual mean temperatures according to data of the past 29 years. The increase in January temperatures was in the order of 0.8 ～ 2.4 ° C. However, in rural and marine stations, the increase in annual mean temperature was 0.6 ° C; the level of the global average. There was also an increase in precipitation: 259 mm over the recent 97 years. Observation has revealed that a month-long steady rainfall in late June and July with a quasi-stationary polar front has not occurred in recent years and has been replaced with scattered convective heavy-showers on a local scale in July and August. It is observed that the behaviour of this rainy front, `the Changma front' has brought changes to rainfall characteristics. Our results highlight the importance of the shortened rainy season. However, the amount of rainfall and the number of heavy rainfall days have increased.  相似文献   

Genetic Implications of Two Different Ultramafic Rocks from Hongseong Area in the Southwestern Gyeonggi Massif, South Korea     

Jieun Seo  Seon Gyu Choi  Chang Whan Oh  Sung Won Kim  Suck Hwan Song 《Gondwana Research》2005,8(4):539-552

Two distinct ultramafic bodies occur in Baekdong and Bibong in the Hongseong area within Gyeonggi massif of South Korea. The Hongseong area is now extensively documented as an extension of the Dabie-Sulu collision belt in China. The Baekdong ultramafic body has a NWW elongation direction. This elongation trend is similar to the general trend of the Dabie-Sulu collision belt. The Bibong ultramafic body is elongated in a NNE direction and runs parallel to the direction of the main fault in the study area. The Baekdong ultramafic bodies show porphyroclastic and mylonitic textures while those at Bibong exhibit a mosaic texture. Both were grouped into peridotite and serpentinite based on their modal abundance of serpentine. In the olivine (Fo) vs. spinel [Cr# = Cr/ (Cr+Al)] diagram, both ultramafic rocks fall with in olivine spinel mantle array. The compositions of olivine, orthopyroxene and spinel indicate that the Baekdong ultramafic rock formed in deeper parts of the upper-mantle under passive margin tectonic setting. The SREE content of Baekdong ultramafic rock vary from 0.19 to 5.7, exhibits a flat REE pattern in the chondrite-normalized diagram, and underwent 5% partial melting. Conversely, large variation in SREE (0.5 21.53) was observed for Bibong ultramafic rocks with an enrichment of LREE with a negative slope and underwent 17 24% partial melting. The Baekdong ultramafic rocks experienced three stages of metamorphism after a high pressure residual mantle stage. The first stage of metamorphism occurred under the eclogite-granulite transitional facies (1123 911°C, >16.3 kb) the second under the granulite facies (825 740°C, 16.3 11.8 kb) and the third is the retrogressive metamorphism under amphibolite facies (782 718°C, 8.2 8.7 kb) metamorphism. The Baekdong ultramafic rocks had undergone high-P/T metamorphism during subduction of the South China Block, and experienced a fast isothermal uplift, and finally cooled down isobarically. Evidences for metamorphism were not identified in Bibong ultramafic rocks. Hence, the Baekdong ultramafic rocks with in the Hongseong area may indicate a link on the Korean counterpart of Dabie-Sulu collision belt between North and South China Blocks.  相似文献   

Evaluation of multiphase flotation models in grid turbulence via Particle Image Velocimetry     

Michael R. Brady  Demetri P. Telionis  Pavlos P. Vlachos  Roe-Hoan Yoon 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):133-143

Industrial processes involving multi-phase flows such as flotation require understanding of the relationships between bubbles, solid particles and the flow. Modern experimental tools are employed in this effort to measure with great accuracy the basic features of the motion of all three phases in turbulent flow. We employed a unique Digital Particle Image Velocimeter (DPIV) that can record with great accuracy and kHz temporal resolution, velocity vectors of all three phases, namely the fluid, the solid particles and the air bubbles. The interaction of these three phases was studied in homogeneous isotropic turbulence generated by cylindrical grids. Particles and bubbles were released into the turbulence and the motions of the three phases were monitored. The experimental results obtained in the present work were compared with the predictions of the models published in the literature.  相似文献   

Simulation of long-period 3-D elastic responses for whole earth models     

Kwi-Hyon Yoon  George A. McMechan 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,120(3):721-730

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An early Chinese idea of a dynamic environmental cycle     

Yoon  Hong-key 《GeoJournal》1985,10(2):211-212

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