上部密度差随深度呈指数变化的界面的重力反演方法     

Chai.  Y 姚政生 《地震译文集》1990,9(2):55-60

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硅质磁铁矿的改进一步研究     

Shiga  Y 查福宁 《冶金地质动态》1991,(8):15-17

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关于全球地震危险性评价的国际计划     

Y.  BИ  刘吉成 《国土资源信息化》1994,(5):49-49,F004

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亚洲的扩张挤压构造——从简单蜡泥实验得出的新见解     

P.Tapponnier  G.Peltzer  A.Y.LeDain  R.Armijo  P.Cobbold  张宝政 《世界地质》1985,(1)

利用单边封闭的蜡泥塑料来进行平面压陷实验以帮助我们去了解东亚限定的陆间形变和走向—滑动断层的演化。一些大型左旋走向—滑动断层曾不断活化,主体上是同时的。实验显示印度向亚洲插入曾经旋转了(≈25°),并且在碰撞的前二、三千万年里沿红河左旋断层使印度支那向东南挤压了(≈800公里)。该过程能说明南中国海在晚中新世前张开的原因。挤压构造北移,促动阿尔金塔格断层成为第二条主要的左旋断层,并使华南向东移动数百公里。事件发生后,印度支那保持顺时针转动(多达40°),而红河和它南面的走向—滑动断层则作反方向运动。莫圭盆地和安达曼海的张开(直到现在)看来也是挤压的简单运动结果。中国东北部和云南现代裂谷可看出类似于南中国海和安达曼海的初期。若以我们实验为指南,像泰国海湾(暹罗湾——译者)等沉积盆地的其它第三纪构造现象可说明是碰撞的结果。实验还预示有一个重要的左旋走向滑动断层和裂谷系将扩展穿过天山、蒙古和贝加尔而延至鄂霍茨克海。  相似文献   

工程控制测量用三角测量观测平差方法     

Michael  C.Y.Hou  Abbas  Z.  Khalaf  金和钟 《浙江测绘》1987,(2):40-44

讨论典型工程控制测量中三角测量和观测方程平差的方法，这个方法的优点与传统的条件法比较通过两个检验网成果的验算来叙述。  相似文献   

西奈东部Bir Zreir菱形地堑的成因     

Eyal  Y  Eyal  M  Bartov  Y  Steinitz  G  Folkman  Y.  刘池洋 《世界地质》1987,(2)

Bir Zreir菱形地堑,位于西奈东部.此地堑在三维空间上出露良好.前寒武纪结晶基底和上覆显生宇沉积物之间的近水平状不整合面,基底侵入体的接触面和早中新世的基性岩脉体系可使人们非常精确地填绘局部构造,确定沿断层的垂直和水平位移.用标准的“拉开(Pullapart)模式”对Bir Zreir菱形地堑预测的垂直离距比观察到的大3到6倍.根据Bir Zreir地块发生旋转运动而建立的另一种模式,与野外的证据更为接近。本文推论:地堑的形状和大小由初始断层的格局所决定;后期构造运动使地堑的最终形状相对没有什么变化.Bir Zreir地块的旋转是南北向断层的左旋位移和其走向变为北北东以及区域上东西向拉张的综合结果.本文所提出的模式,不需要沿斜向断层(diagonal fault)有一个类如“拉开”那样大而深的张裂(gap)。  相似文献   

Quantitative measurement of channel-block hydraulic interactions by experimental saturation of a large, natural, fissured rock mass     

Guglielmi Y  Mudry J 《Ground water》2001,39(5):696-701

The hydrodynamic behavior of fissured media relies on the relationships between a few very conductive fractures (channels) and the remaining low-conductivity fractures and matrix (blocks). We made a quantitative measurement of those relationships and their effect on water drainage and storage in a 19,000 m3 natural reservoir consisting of karstified limestones. This reservoir was artificially saturated with water by closing a water gate on the main outlet during a varying time (delta t) fixed by the operator. The water gate was completely or partly closed until the water pressure reached a particular specified value. If the water gate was left completely closed long enough, the water pressure was fixed by the elevation of temporary outlets at the site boundaries. The water elevation within the reservoir was monitored by means of pressure cells located on single fractures representative of the bedding plane and the two families of fractures of the massif network. The comparison of pressure variations with the network geometry allows us to identify a typical double permeability characterized by a few very conductive channels along 10 vertical faults. These channels limit blocks consisting of low-conductivity bedding planes and a rather impervious matrix. Depending on the closure interval, delta t, of the water gate, the total volume of water stored in the reservoir can vary from 0.8 m3 (delta t = 5 minutes) to 18.6 m3 (delta t = 2 days). Such a variance of storage versus closure time is explained by the reservoir's double permeability that is characterized by blocks that saturate much more slowly than channels. If plotted versus time, this injected volume fits a power relationship, according to the saturation state of the blocks. In less than 34 minutes, storage is close to zero in the blocks and to 1.6 to 2 m3 in the channels. For closing times shorter than 1 hour, only 1% of the volume that flows in the channels is stored into the blocks. Depending on the water pressure and for a given delta t = 3000 minutes, the volume of water stored is controlled by the geometry of the joint network and of the aquifer boundaries. Such an experiment shows that the flow is concentrated in about 10% of the fractured network (channels). The water storage that takes place in the 90% remaining fractures (blocks) depends mainly on time during which pressure remains high into the 10% channels. The accurate modeling of such typical double-permeability media needs a careful study of the geometry of the channels whose narrowings modify the flow and induce dam effects that maintain a high pressure gradient with surrounding blocks.  相似文献   

SPECIFIC DEGRADATION OF WATERSHEDS     

Boubacar KANE Pierre Y. JULIEN 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(2):114-119

An extensive database of reservoir sedimentation surveys throughout continental United States is compiled and analyzed to determine specific degradation SD relationships as function of mean annual rainfall R, drainage area A, and watershed slope S. The database contains 1463 field measurements and specific degradation relationships are defined as function of A, R and S. Weak trends and significant variability in the data are noticeable. Specific degradation measurements are log normally distributed with respect to R, A, and S and 95% confidence intervals are determined accordingly. The accuracy of the predictions does not significantly increase as more independent variables are added to the regression analyses.  相似文献   

用大量余震震源机制估计2000年鸟取县西部地震区域的应力场     

Y.  Yukutake  Y.  Iio  H.  Katao  T.  Shibutani  万永革 《世界地震译丛》2007,(6)

根据大量震源机制估计了2000年鸟取县西部地震（Mw=6．6）前后的区域应力场。为约束主震前的应力场，我们比较了主震产生的静态应力变化与主震后应力场的空间分布。在余震区的北部和中部，推测主震前的偏应力量值太大，不会受到静态应力变化的影响。主震前的最大主应力轴的方向与构造应力场一致。而在余震区南部，主震滑动较大的地区及其周围，发现由于静态应力变化较大，主震后应力场的空间分布很不均匀。在断层南端附近，静态应力变化的空间分布与余震的P轴方位角一致，推测主震前的偏应力量值小到足以受到静态应力变化（5MPa）影响的地步。断层南端原有余震断层面的强度可能特别弱。发现主震前的应力场在小于主震断层长度的尺度上是不均匀的。  相似文献   

计算双力偶旋转的简化算法     

Y.  Y.  Kagan  万永革 《世界地震译丛》2007,(6)

推导了估计地震双力偶（DC）源三维空间旋转角的新的简化公式。导出公式的复杂性依赖于所需角度估计的准确性和期望解的完备性。该解比本人1991年根据四元表示提出的算法简单。我们讨论了两种方法的优点和缺点。这些新的表达式可以写成数行计算机代码，从而可对不同方法得到的双力偶解及地震震源机制时间和空间上的差别进行比较。  相似文献