高潜水位矿区采煤沉陷地DEM的无人机构建方法     

田帅帅  赵艳玲  李亚龙  肖武  张建勇  笪宏志 《测绘通报》2018,(3):98-101

针对高潜水位矿区采煤沉陷地植被密度大、无人机摄影测量难以获取地面点云的问题,从采煤沉陷地地形特征出发,提出了一种基于断面式点云滤波和DEM模型修正的采煤沉陷地DEM构建方法,经分析,精度可达到1：500比例尺地形图要求,可以为采煤沉陷地损毁评价和土地复垦工作开展提供重要依据。  相似文献   

Chemical Weathering and CO2 Consumption of Chishuihe River Basin,Guizhou Province     

Yanling An  Jiemei Lü  Jin Luo  Qixin Wu  Li Qin 《地球科学进展》2018,33(2):179-188

Carbon sink produced during rock weathering is critical to global carbon cycles. In this work, we analyzed the major ion chemistry of the Chishuihe River Basin, and the major ion composition of the Chishuihe River system and the principal component analysis was applied for estimating the weathering rate and atmospheric CO₂ consumption via the rock chemical weathering. The results demonstrated that the chemical composition of the river was dominated by Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, HC and S. The average concentration(317.88 mg/L) of the total dissolved solids within the Chishuihe River was higher than the average value (65 mg/L) of world rivers. The Gibbs graph combining major ion element ratio analysis indicated that the catchment major ion composition mainly originated from rock weathering, primarily from carbonate weathering, sparsely from silicate weathering. Carbonate and silicate weathering contributed 70.77% and 5.03% separately to the dissolved loads. The anthropogenic and precipitation impact was limited. According to calculation based on principal component and the ion composition characteristics, the chemical weathering rate was 126.716 t/(km²·a), significantly higher than that of the Yellow River and Yangtze River, and also higher than the average rate of the global major rivers. The CO₂ consumption flux based on annual average runoff was 10.96×10⁹ mol/a, and the CO₂ consumption rate by chemical weathering was 5.79×10⁵ mol/(km²·a).  相似文献   

泰安市城区岩溶地下水水化学特征及成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

李晓波  赵新村  李明毅  郄亮  李星辰  杨宝萍  王延岭  孙大伟 《山东国土资源》2022,38(9)

岩溶地下水是泰安市城区重要供水水源,近年来随着气候环境变化和人为活动的影响,岩溶地下水水化学特征日趋复杂,但其水化学特征及成因尚不明晰。为识别研究区地下水水化学特征、成因机制,本文采用数理统计方法、离子比值、水化学图解等方法,研究了该区岩溶地下水的水文地球化学特征。结果表明：研究区内岩溶地下水水化学类型主要为HCO3Ca型、HCO3·SO4Ca 型、HCO3·SO4·ClCa型。地下水水化学成分主要受水岩相互作用控制,以溶滤作用为主,地下水中的Ca2+、Na+、HCO-3、SO2-4主要来源于方解石、白云石的碳酸盐岩及石膏、盐岩等蒸发岩的溶解,且存在逆向的阳离子交替吸附作用,导致Ca2+含量增加,Na+含量减少,人为活动影响导致地下水中Cl-、NO-3浓度增加。研究成果为研究区内岩溶地下水的合理开发与保护提供了依据。  相似文献   

Prospects of Carboniferous Shale Gas Exploitation in the Eastern Qaidam Basin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

LI Yingjie  SUN Yanling  ZHAO Yan  CHANG Chun  YU Qingchun  MA Yinsheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(2):620-634

Shale gas is a resource of emerging importance in the energy field. Many countries in the world have been making big financial investments in this area. Carboniferous shale in the eastern Qaidam Basin shows good exploration prospects, but limited research and exploration work for shale oil and gas resources has been undertaken. Geochemical analyses were performed on shale derived from the Upper Carboniferous Hurleg Formation in the eastern Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, and secondary electron imaging capability of a Field Emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM) was used to characterize the microstructure of the shale. The reservoir and exploitation potential of the studied shale was assessed by comparison with research results obtained from the Barnett Formation shale in Fort Worth Basin, North America and the Basin shale of Sichuan province. The results indicate that the eastern Qaidam Basin Carboniferous shale is high-quality source rock. There are four major microstructural types in the study area: matrix intergranular pores, dissolution pores, intergranular pores, and micro-fractures. The size of the micropores varies from 6–633 nm, the majority of which is between 39–200 nm, with a relatively small number of micro-scale pores ranging from 0.13–1 μm. The pore characteristics of the studied shales are similar to the North American and Sichuanese shales, indicating that they have good reservoir potential. No micropores are present in the organic matter, which is induced by its composition; instead we found an important lamellar structure in the organic matter. These micropores and microfractures are abundant, and are connected to natural visible cracks that form the network pore system, which controls the storage and migration of shale gas. This connectivity is favorable for shale gas exploitation, providing great scientific potential and practical value.  相似文献   

天然河道洪水水面线推算中几个技术问题及处理方法          下载免费PDF全文

何书会  杨艳岭  赵建芬  赵哲 《水文》2014,34(5):36-38

天然多沙河道水面线的升降与河道平面形态、过水断面形状、河床粗糙度及河床植被、河床的扩展及收缩、河床组成及其冲淤变化等众多因素有关。以南水北调中线总干渠交叉河道水面线推算为例,分析了天然多沙河道水面线推算中尚需注意的几个技术问题,提出了解决问题的思路和具体的处理方法,具有示范作用,对类似河流的洪水水面线推算有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

基层台站气象信息传输监视业务系统设计与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾显锋  罗远晖  劳世毓  谢仁忠  李会玲 《气象科技》2013,41(6):1049-1052

根据地面测报业务改革后基层台站气象信息传输保障需求,按照模块化设计原理,利用FTP远程查询技术、远程数据库嵌套查询技术、桌面字幕显示技术、电脑音响控制技术、电话拨号技术、发送短信技术等多种编程技术,采用C＋＋Builder 60的面向对象编程技巧,开发了基层台站气象信息传输监视业务系统,实现对上行气象信息数据的实时监视。通过业务应用证实,系统运行稳定,能及时对用户进行有效提醒,保障了气象信息传输的可靠性,有效提高工作效率和业务质量。  相似文献   

新疆哈密市近50a蒸发量变化特征及影响因子   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苗运玲  卓世新  杨艳玲  邢支芳 《干旱气象》2013,(1):95-99,106

利用1961～2010年哈密国家基准气侯站20 cm口径蒸发皿和E-601B型蒸发器以及其它气象要素的观测资料,分析了哈密市蒸发量的气候变化特征,并重点探讨哈密市蒸发量与风速、气温、日照、降水量、湿度等气象要素之间的相互关系。结果表明,近50 a哈密市年、季、月蒸发量均呈明显下降趋势,1990年以前年蒸发量高于平均值,1991年开始减小到平均值以下;4季中以夏季下降最快,春季次之,冬季最小,8月降幅最大。影响蒸发量变化的因子中,平均风速与蒸发量呈显著正相关关系,是影响蒸发量变化的最直接因子,水汽压和相对湿度与蒸发量呈显著负相关关系,也是造成蒸发量减少的重要因子,日照时数与蒸发量也呈正相关,但影响程度较小,而气温对蒸发量的影响则不十分明显。  相似文献   

考虑土-结构相互作用的上海中心大厦地震反应     

姜忻良  老浩寅  李博强 《震灾防御技术》2013,8(2):164-172

采用ANSYS有限元软件建立土-桩-上海中心大厦相互作用简化模型.其中,桩土区采用等效模型,近域土体定为塑性区,用DP模型模拟;外围的土域定为弹性区,用超单元来模拟.对考虑土,桩-结构相互作用的整体结构和以刚性地基为假定的上部结构分别进行地震反应分析,并完成了比较.最后,在整体结构中提取上部结构与下部结构处的加速度反应与原地震波叠加,形成修正地震波,为输入修正地震波能考虑相互作用因素来分析相同结构的精细模型地震反应提供了条件.  相似文献   

灵山县花岗岩风化壳表土层的渗水试验     

劳丽燕  冯志秦  蓝俊康  廖海吉 《地下水》2013,(3):13-15,55

灵山县花岗岩风化壳表层土中的细粒部分(粉粒、粘粒)和粗粒部分(砾砂、粗砂)含量较多,而中粒部分(中砂、细砂)含量较少。其表层土的渗水试验结果表明,该表层土的渗透系数普遍偏高,在滑坡地段更甚。此外,滑坡地段的渗透曲线(渗透速度与时间的关系曲线)还呈较大幅度的震荡现象,这与稳定地段的渗水曲线有明显的区别。分析认为:稳定斜坡段渗透系数的普遍偏高不仅与花岗岩风化壳表层土的颗粒级配有关,也与斜坡卸荷产生的拉张裂隙、降雨冲刷等多重因素有关;而滑坡地段渗透曲线呈现的剧变震荡则反映了在渗水试验过程中,表土中的大空隙不时地被冲刷下来的细粒短暂地堵塞,后又因细粒软化被冲蚀下坠,渗水通道再次疏通的反复过程。  相似文献   

煤矸石山生态利用工程中现状测绘与成图方法     

赵艳玲  胡振琪  梁爽  杨成兵 《测绘通报》2013,(4):49-51

从煤矸石山生态利用工程的实际需要出发,以北京门头沟煤矸石山为实例,提出了煤矸石山现状测绘中地形地貌、植被和地物的数据采集和成图方法,可为工程实施提供基础数据。  相似文献