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张锐  刘志广  占伟  梁洪宝  师宏波  王友  董彦知  李瑜 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(2):31-35

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海底双相随机介质声反射的SVM神经网络分类识别研究     

尤加春  李红星 《海洋学报》2014,36(3):134-142

考虑海底沉积介质为双相介质,为了更好地模拟实际海底底质的不均匀性,将随机介质理论引入双相介质理论。首先,通过基于随机-双相介质理论的高阶有限差分数值技术模拟计算海底底质分别为泥质砂、泥、泥质砾时的地震反射波信号。然后利用小波变换分别求取不同底质的一次反射波的包络作为其特征向量,最后利用基于粒子群智能算法优化的支持向量机神经网络对这些反射波信号进行分类识别。为了进一步考察所用方法的抗噪能力,对正演得到的海底底质反射波信号分别加入10%、30%、50%的高斯白噪音之后再进行分类,支持向量机仍然取得了较好的分类预测效果。基于上述正演模拟及分类识别方法的论证,提出了一套行之有效的微机软件模拟海底沉积物分类识别的一般化流程,这将有利于开展海底沉积物反射特征的进一步研究。  相似文献   

Present and projected degree days in China from observation,reanalysis and simulations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qinglong You  Klaus Fraedrich  Frank Sielmann  Jinzhong Min  Shichang Kang  Zhenming Ji  Xiuhua Zhu  Guoyu Ren 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(5-6):1449-1462

Degree days are usually defined as the accumulated daily mean temperature varying with the base temperature, and are one of the most important indicators of climate changes. In this study, the present-day and projected changes of four degree days indices from daily mean surface air temperature output simulated by Max Planck Institute, Earth Systems Model of low resolution (MPI-ESM-LR) model are evaluated with the high resolution gridded-observation dataset and two modern reanalyses in China. During 1979–2005, the heating degree days (HDD) and the numbers of HDD (NHDD) have decreased for observation, reanalyses (ERA-Interim and NCEP/NCAR) and model simulations (historical and decadal experiments), consistent with the increasing cooling degree days (CDD) and the numbers of CDD (NCDD). These changes reflect the general warming in China during the past decades. In most cases, ERA-Interim is closer to observation than NCEP/NCAR and model simulations. There are discrepancies between observation, reanalyses and model simulations in the spatial patterns and regional means. The decadal hindcast/forecast simulation performance of MPI-ESM-LR produce warmer than the observed mean temperature in China during the entire period, and the hindcasts forecast a trend lower than the observed. Under different representative concentration pathway (RCP) emissions scenarios, HDD and NHDD show significant decreases, and CDD and NCDD consistently increase during 2006–2100 under RCP8.5, RCP4.5 and RCP2.6, especially before the mid-21 century. More pronounced changes occur under RCP8.5, which is associated with a high rate of radiative forcing. The 20th century runs reflect the sensitivity to the initial conditions, and the uncertainties in terms of the inter-ensemble are small, whereas the long-term trend is well represented with no differences among ensembles.  相似文献   

室内三维点云空间自动划分与规则化方法北大核心CSCD     

王敬淳  汤圣君  王伟玺  李晓明  李游  谢林甫  朱家松 《测绘通报》2022,(8):93-97

精准空间划分是实现室内语义建模与拓扑结构重建的重要基础。三维点云作为常用的室内空间数据载体,如何基于三维点云进行室内空间语义信息提取与规则化具有重要意义。本文提出了一种基于形态学分割方法实现室内场景的分割,并结合矢量规则化方法完成分割场景的规则化。首先,基于区域增长算法与线性拟合方法提取空间分割要素,通过平面投影生成二进制影像,进而利用距离变换和分水岭算法完成空间分割;然后,对空间分割要素进行线性拟合,进行室内空间格网划分,采用矢栅叠加方法实现空间要素规则化;最后,通过4组实际场景(包含3组ISPRS数据集及1组实际场景采集数据)进行数据验证。试验结果显示,本文提出的室内空间分割与规则化方法可以准确快速地完成室内空间要素的提取。  相似文献   

Site selection in municipal solid waste management with extended VIKOR method under fuzzy environment   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Hu-Chen Liu  Jian-Xin You  Yi-Zeng Chen  Xiao-Jun Fan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(10):4179-4189

Nowadays, selection of the suitable disposal site in municipal solid waste (MSW) management has become a challenge task for the municipal authorities, especially in fast-growing areas. Site selection can be viewed as a complicated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem requiring consideration of multiple alternative solutions and conflicting quantitative and qualitative criteria. In this paper, linguistic variables, which can be expressed as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, are used to assess the ratings and weights for the selection criteria. The ordered weighted averaging operator is utilized to transform the fuzzy decision matrix into crisp values considering the decision maker’s attitudinal character. For selecting the best site, the extended VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method is applied to determine the priority ranking of alternatives. As a result, a hierarchy MCDM model based on fuzzy set theory and VIKOR method is proposed to deal with the site selection problems in the MSW management system. An empirical study in Shanghai, China, is provided and comparison with the existing approach is conducted to illustrate the applicability and benefits of the proposed method.  相似文献   

Quantification of electrical resistance to estimate NaCl behavior in a column under controlled conditions     

S. A. Junejo  Qi You Zhou  M. A. Talpur  Dongqing Wang  Jian-long Yang 《Geochemistry International》2014,52(9):794-804

Accurate prediction of solute transport processes in surface water and its underlying bed is an important task not only for proper management of the surface water but also for pollution control in these water bodies. Key issue in this task is an estimation of parameters as diffusion coefficient and velocity for solute transport both in water body and in the underlying bed. This estimation would greatly help us to understand the deposition and release mechanism of solute across the water-bed interface. In this study, a column experiment was conducted in laboratory to estimate the velocity and diffusion coefficient of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water body and underlying sand layer (bed). The column used with a diameter of 30 cm and a height of 100 cm, was filled with sand at the lower half part and water at the upper half part. Total 64 stainless steel electrodes were installed on its surface around. The sodium chloride solution was injected from the top of the column, and electrical resistance between electrodes was monitored for 71 h. Then the dimensionless resistance breakthrough curve was fitted with one dimensional analytic solution for solute transport and the related diffusion coefficient and velocity parameters were estimated. The results show that the NaCl transport velocity was high in the water body but extremely low in the underlying sand layer (bed). The diffusion coefficient estimated in sand layer coincides with those reported well. This indicates that the electrical resistance based solute transport parameter estimation method is not only effective but also has an advantage of multipoints monitoring. This is useful both in mapping solute transport parameter for solute transport process analysis and in providing parameter input for solute transport numerical modeling.  相似文献   

深部开采圆形巷道围岩破损区与支护压力的确定     

李铀  袁亮  刘冠学  金学玉  薛俊华  余国锋  彭意  张明 《岩土力学》2014,35(1):226-231

应用经典塑性力学理论确定的圆形巷道围岩弹塑性应力场存在一些问题,这影响深部圆形巷道的稳定性评价及支护设计的合理性。应用塑性力学求解新体系确定的圆形巷道围岩弹塑性应力场准确解,进行了各向同性均质地层中圆形巷道破损区、地层残余强度与支护压力关系方面的研究,取得了如下成果:(1)破损区随开采深度的增加而增大,它们基本呈线性关系。(2)建立了支护压力与巷道埋深、围岩强度、围岩破坏后残余强度、围岩泊松比和重度之间的关系。研究成果可为支护设计提供重要参考。  相似文献   

Emergency alternative evaluation and selection based on ANP,DEMATEL, and TL-TOPSIS     

Ju  Yanbing  Wang  Aihua  You  Tianhui 《Natural Hazards》2014,75(2):347-379

With the increasing occurrence frequency of emergency events, emergency management (EM) has been a very important issue in management science. One of the major activities of EM is to evaluate and select the most desirable emergency alternative(s). This paper proposes a new framework combining the analytic network process (ANP) method, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique, and 2-tuple linguistic technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TL-TOPSIS) method to solve the emergency alternative evaluation and selection problem. This study has been done in three stages. In the first stage, we use DEMATEL technique to obtain the network relation map (NRM) among emergency alternative evaluation criteria or sub-criteria. In the second stage, we use ANP method to calculate the global weight of each sub-criterion based on the NRM among emergency alternative evaluation sub-criteria. In the third stage, the ratings of emergency alternative with respect to each sub-criterion are described by linguistic items, and the TL-TOPSIS method is used to rank the emergency alternative. Finally, a practical example of urban fire emergency alternative selection is given to illustrate the application of the proposed framework.

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重金属铜污染植被光谱响应特征研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

朱叶青  屈永华  刘素红  陈圣波 《遥感学报》2014,18(2):335-352

重金属铜污染植被的反射光谱特性会发生明显改变。在本研究中,采用不同程度的铜污染土壤作为培养基质,选择春小麦、上海青两种农作物进行铜胁迫实验,获取了4个不同生育期、10个不同铜污染强度下的植被叶片的反射光谱,并采用铜污染叶片7个特征波段和光谱角的方法研究了铜污染叶片的光谱特征。结果表明,铜污染叶片光谱差异与作物时期和作物类型有关,可以采用叶片光谱角描述铜污染叶片与健康叶片的光谱差异。该方法只需与阈值做简单的比较,方法简便易行,而且对轻度及重度铜污染十分敏感。叶片光谱辐射传输模型反演结果表明铜污染叶片内部结构参数N明显变大,这也证明了铜污染使叶片内部结构更加散乱无序。在此基础上进一步建立了N与红肩处反射率值的线性关系,相关系数为0.978。本文为铜污染叶片光谱反射模型的建立提供了初步的数据基础与理论支持。  相似文献   

长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

杜瑞林  邢灿飞  伍中华  李胜乐  乔学军  游新兆  王琪  孙少安  申重阳  凌模 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(2):23-29

三峡地壳形变监测网络结合空间大地测量(GPS、InSAR)和传统大地测量的优点，在1998年以来的三峡工程建设期间和2003年水库首次蓄水中获取了大量监测成果。结果显示库区地壳运动的基本图像：垂直形变较为显著，主要来自因蓄水荷载而产生的形变，水平形变不明显．库区主要断层的活动性在蓄水期间有明显加强迹象。水准测量反映从1998年首期观测至2003年10月首次蓄水后的库区垂直位移．沉降范围较大；GPS给出了2003年蓄水前后库区的垂直位移，形变的范围主要集中在水库近岸区域。水准测量与GPS观测反应的垂直位移的量级基本一致，沉降的最大幅度在3～4cm左右。水准监测、GPS观测与重力监测结果有一定的对应性。从地壳形变监测与研究结果分析，近期负荷改变而诱发中强地震的可能性不大。  相似文献