Number and volume raindrop size distributions in Taiwan     

Jau‐Yau Lu  Chih‐Chiang Su  Tai‐Fang Lu  Ming‐Ming Maa 《水文研究》2008,22(13):2148-2158

Knowledge of rainfall characteristics is very important for the accurate estimation of rainfall kinetic energy and prediction of soil erosion. In this study, a reliable and efficient data collection and analysis system was developed to analyse the natural raindrop data collected in subtropical Taiwan. Both raindrop size distributions by number and volume were carefully analysed. The seasonal variations of the rainfall erosivity factor R, which is an index of the erosive potential of rainfall and a function of rainfall kinetic energy, was also discussed. An isoerodent map of Taiwan was also developed based on the rainfall data recorded by 158 automated rainfall‐measuring stations within 26 years. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Characterization of drying-induced deformation behaviour of Opalinus Clay and tuff in no-stress regime   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Aung Ko Ko Soe  Masahiko Osada  Manabu Takahashi  Tai Sasaki 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(6):1215-1225

The drying-induced deformation behaviour of Opalinus Clay and tuff, which are being investigated under international and local collaborative projects for nuclear waste disposal in Switzerland and Japan, was investigated under a no-stress condition in the laboratory to evaluate their generic susceptibility to the formation of excavation damaged zone. The cylindrical core samples of Opalinus Clay and tuff were prepared to a one-dimensional drying condition and submitted to an uncontrolled laboratory environment. The strain evolution, evaporative water loss and environmental entities, such as temperature and relative humidity, were recorded simultaneously and quasi-continuously. It was observed that the drying phase induced significant strain magnitude and damage in Opalinus Clay samples, which was evidenced by the formation of hairy cracks on the surface parallel to the bedding. On the contrary, the strain occurrences in tuff samples were relatively insignificant, and no tendency of cracking was observed. In addition, the quasi-continuous availability of volumetric strains was further used in poroelastic relation for the estimation of capillary suction evolution. The calculated results were validated with pore size distributions obtained from mercury intrusion porosimetry.  相似文献   

综合物探方法在湖北大冶鸡冠咀铜金矿深部及外围找矿中的应用     

邰文星  金尚刚  何彦南  杨梅珍  刘万龙 《地质与勘探》2019,55(4):1010-1025

以鸡冠咀铜金矿床深部及其外围找矿预测为目标,在深入认识鸡冠咀铜金矿床地质特征的基础上,对研究区重力、磁测、电法测量资料进行精细反演,研究含矿地质体与物探异常的对应关系,获取矿区深部和外围物探异常信息。证实研究区岩矿石物性差异明显、与矿有关的地质体与重磁异常具有良好的吻合性,证实研究区内断裂接触带、大理岩俘虏体、隐伏岩体表现出重磁同高、重磁异常梯度带等特征,是寻找深部盲矿体的有利部位。总结了5种地球物理找矿标志,构建了“一个主要目标,两种分析,三种方法,五个找矿标志”的矽卡岩型铜金矿床的地球物理找矿模式,对鸡冠咀矿区深部及外围进行靶区优选,指导鄂东南矿集区矿产勘查工作,具有良好的示范作用。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西缘土壤碳氮垂直分布规律研究          下载免费PDF全文

张卓  曹广超  许泰  张富玲  杨荣荣  刘芳 《地质找矿论丛》2019,34(4):626-631

棕漠土和灌淤土在塔里木盆地西缘洪积平原上广泛分布,文章选取这两种类型的土壤作为研究对象,测试分析了在不同的土壤层位有机碳和全氮的含量,探讨了有机碳和全氮含量、以及它们与粒级组之间的相关关系。研究结果表明:洪积平原两种土壤剖面在0～100cm层位上有机碳和全氮含量随着土壤层位深度的增加而降低,而在40～60cm层位上两种土壤的有机碳和全氮含量差值达到最大值,并且整个剖面上有机碳和全氮含量变化呈正相关的关系。  相似文献   

基于WebGIS的旅游景区空间智能评价系统研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄泰  保继刚  周晓芳  Geoffrey Wall 《地理与地理信息科学》2008,24(5)

针对现有信息系统在空间智能评价方面的薄弱之处,运用WebGIS空间智能集成方法探讨旅游景区空间智能评价系统的设计和实现,从三方面提高了旅游景区评价系统的智能化层次:通过集成旅游景区网上调查问卷系统,提高了数据收集提取的智能化层次;通过集成旅游景区模糊综合评价模型、客流结构评价模型及旅游专家知识系统,增强了评价系统的半结构化智能推理功能;采用B/S C/S系统构架,并利用Web技术提高了人机交互界面的智能化。周庄景区案例评价结果显示,该系统原型的运行效果良好且智能化层次较高。  相似文献   

苏州城市游憩场点系统空间结构分形   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

黄泰  保继刚  戴学军 《地理科学进展》2009,28(5)

城市游憩场点系统是和谐城市规划建设的核心对象,也是一种结构复杂的自然-人文复合系统.本文选取随机聚集维数、空间关联维数、网格维数三项指标.以苏州市区为例,对新时期我国城市游憩场点系统的空间结构分形及优化进行了系统论证与解析.研究发现:①城市游憩场点系统的空间结构是具有分形特性的;②各分维指标能够准确地刻画城市游憩场点系统的空间结构及其分异,也为环城游憩带理论及城乡二元游憩结构分异现象等提供了分形解释依据;③苏州游憩场点系统的空间结构呈现出一种核心松散-外围紧致、白组织能力离心化现象比较严重的结构递变趋势,这种结构模式与游憩需求的空间分布结构基本吻合,它准确反映了成熟型游憩场点系统的空间发展态势,也说明加强对游憩场点系统的自组织能力的引导和提升,是和谐城市规划建设中的一项不可或缺的重要工作;④与以往研究结论相对比,发现游憩场点系统与旅游景区(点)系统在空间结构上存在合理的分形差异.  相似文献   

陕北一次秋季连阴雨过程的天气动力学分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘慧敏  魏娜  万宏卫 《陕西气象》2010,(1):10-13

利用常规气象观测资料,对2008年12月20日-22日运城出现的寒潮大风天气过程,从高空、地面天气形势以及物理量场进行了综合分析。结果表明：本次寒潮属于贝湖横槽迅速转竖型,冷高压及冷锋迅速南下,导致寒潮爆发。物理量场上,横槽前有正涡度中心和强烈的上升运动,槽后负涡度及强烈的下沉运动使得横槽迅速转竖;自下而上强的垂直风切变,使得高空风动量下传,巨大的水平气压梯度和变压差,引起地面大风。  相似文献   

剪切波分裂分析系统SAM(2007)——区域地震台网资料应用实例   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

石玉涛  高原  吴晶  太龄雪 《中国地震》2008,24(4)

通过对云南、辽宁、福建遥测地震台网的波形资料分析实例,介绍了"剪切波分裂系统分析方法"软件SAM(2007)的用法。通过对区域台网资料的处理分析,表明SAM(2007)是研究剪切波分裂的一个比较实用的软件,能够有效的处理快、慢剪切波识别的问题,研究地壳介质的地震各向异性问题,能普遍用于分析国内区域地震台网资料。  相似文献   

液动冲击回转钻井机械钻速的仿真          下载免费PDF全文

林元华  梁政  施太和  巫才文 《探矿工程》2000,(2):19-22

结合三牙轮钻头有关的理论 ,建立了液动冲击回转钻井钎头的真实的数学模型、井底模型和钎头牙齿与井底岩石的互作用模型 ,用计算机仿真方法预测出了液动冲击回转钻井的机械钻速。使用表明 ,该模型可靠 ,计算结果与实际机械钻速基本一致。  相似文献   

A cross-system analysis of sedimentary organic carbon in the mangrove ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nguyen Tai Tue  Nguyen Thi NgocTran Dang Quy  Hideki HamaokaMai Trong Nhuan  Koji Omori 《Journal of Sea Research》2012,67(1):69-76

A cross-system analysis of bulk sediment composition, total organic carbon (TOC), atomic C/N ratio, and carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C) in 82 surface sediment samples from natural and planted mangrove forests, bank and bottom of tidal creeks, tidal flat, and the subtidal habitat was conducted to examine the roles of mangroves in sedimentation and organic carbon (OC) accumulation processes, and to characterize sources of sedimentary OC of the mangrove ecosystem of Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam. Sediment grain sizes varied widely from 5.4 to 170.2 μm (mean 71.5 μm), with the fine sediment grain size fraction (< 63 μm) ranging from 11 to 99.3% (mean 72.5%). Bulk sediment composition suggested that mangroves play an important role in trapping fine sediments from river outflows and tidal water by the mechanisms of tidal current attenuation by vegetation and the ability of fine roots to bind sediments. The TOC content ranged from 0.08 to 2.18% (mean 0.78%), and was higher within mangrove forests compared to those of banks and bottoms of tidal creeks, tidal flat, and subtidal sediments. The sedimentary δ¹³C ranged from − 27.7 to − 20.4‰ (mean − 24.1‰), and mirrored the trend observed in TOC variation. The TOC and δ¹³C relationship showed that the factors of microbial remineralization and OC sources controlled the TOC pool of mangrove sediments. The comparison of δ¹³C and C/N ratio of sedimentary OC with those of mangrove and marine phytoplankton sources indicated that the sedimentary OC within mangrove forests and the subtidal habitat was mainly composed of mangrove and marine phytoplankton sources, respectively. The application of a simple mixing model showed that the mangrove contribution to sedimentary OC decreased as follows: natural mangrove forest > planted mangrove forest > tidal flat > creek bank > creek bottom > subtidal habitat.  相似文献