Strontium isotopic compositions of Mesozoic granitic rocks in the Hida belt, central Japan: diversities of magma sources and of processes of magma evolution in a continental margin area     

Yoji Arakawa 《Lithos》1989,24(4):261-273

The Sr isotopic compositions of Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Funatsu granitic rocks in the Hida belt, Japan, were determined and variations of the compositions within single intrusions and on a regional scale were compared with previously reported data.

Relatively low and constant (or narrow range of) initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of granitic rocks within an intrusion (0.7044-0.7055) are found mostly in the outer part of the belt, while intrusions with high and wide ranges of initial ratios (0.7056-0.7105) are situated in the inner part. This difference in initial ratios within an intrusion is due to the different degrees of mixing between the parental mafic magma from the lower crust or upper mantle and the middle to upper crustal (or crust-derived) materials. On a regional scale, a smooth and regular increase of the ratios from 0.7044 to 0.7057, from outer to inner part, is outlined by the lowest ratio in each intrusion and this almost coincides with a trend given by the ratios of mafic rocks (or mafic enclaves) in the intrusion. This suggests a gradual change of source materials in the lower crust or upper mantle. The degree of crustal contributions to the parental magma, lesser in the outer part and larger in the inner part of the Hida belt, shows close relationships to some geophysical factors, such as the emplacement depth and uplift rate of mafic magma from deeper levels and stress state (extensional or compressional) in the middle to upper crustal levels. These factors are probably due to the plate tectonic configuration in the continental margin area where the Hida belt was included.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Yukio Fujinawa  A. V. Koloskov  Gerardo G. Tango  Lech Stefaníak  Douglas R. Schmitt  Kei Katsumata  Vernon F. Cormier  Wladislaw Lyatsky  Krzysztof Haman  P. Vincent  Konrad Bajer  Henryk Piwkowski 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,136(2-3):343-367

  相似文献   

Carbon isotopic fractionation during the CO₂ exchange process between air and sea water under equilibrium and kinetic conditions     

Hisayuki Inoue  Yukio Sugimura 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1985,49(11):2453-2460

Carbon isotopic fractionation during the air/sea exchange process is not fully understood at present. Information on the equilibrium and kinetic fractionation factors is an essential requirement, together with the value of the CO₂ partial pressure, for understanding the carbon cycle in the atmosphere and marine environments. Using a specially designed countercurrent equilibrator system, the fractionation factors between gaseous CO₂ and dissolved inorganic carbon in sea water were determined under both kinetic and equilibrium conditions. The following results were obtained: kinetic fractionation factor for air to sea (α_as) is 0.998 at 288.2 K; kinetic fractionation factor for sea to air (α_sa) is 0.990; equilibrium fractionation factor (α_eq) is 0.991 at pH = 8.3 and 288.2 K. From these results, the carbon isotopic ratio of CO₂ passed through the air/ sea interface is estimated to be about ?10 %. for air to sea and ?8 %. for sea to air when CO₂ exchange takes place between air (δ¹³C = ?8 %.) and surface sea water (δ¹³C = 2 %.) at 288.2 K.  相似文献   

Excess²²⁸Th in the airborne dust: an indicator of continental dust from the East Asian deserts     

Katsumi Hirose  Yukio Sugimura 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1984,70(1):110-114

Thorium isotopes in the airborne dust collected at Tsukuba Science City in Japan from January 1981 to December 1982 show clear seasonal variations. Especially²²⁸Th in the airborne particles have a typical maximum cincentration between February and April, which is about an order of magnitude higher than during the remainder of the year. According to the result of size distribution of thorium isotope-bearing particles in the air, about 53% of²²⁸Th is associated with the particles less than 1.6 μm aerodynamic diameter. These results reveal that²²⁸Th in the airborne particles is present in fine soily matters originating from the East Asian deserts.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Mark S. T. Bukowinski  Philip E. Wannamaker  Manfred Koch  Yukio Fujinawa  Dr. Pradeep Talwani  D. Möhlmann  Andrew H. Knoll  Lucia Lovison-Golob  Krzysztof Haman  Hanna Pawłowska  Henryk Piwkowski  Dr. Anthony Dore  Nguyen Xuan Huy  Edward R. Cook  Jan Błecki  Jacek Leliwa-Kopystynski  Magdalena Sroczynska-Kozuchowska 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,140(1):139-177

  相似文献   

On Typhoon storm tides     

Dr. H. Arakawa 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1957,38(1):231-249

Summary After reviewing current theories on synoptic types producing coastal inundations, the author proposed a theory on the dynamics of catastrophic typhoon tides after resonance and hydraulic analogy. As examples, case studies of the storm tides caused by the Muroto Typhoon of 1934 and the 1917 Typhoon are given. Another type of the storm tide caused by the crossing of two wave fronts (Inland Sea type) is also discussed. Many figures given in this study will help the forecasters to forecast storm tides.  相似文献   

Fujiwhara on five centuries of freezing dates of Lake Suwa in the Central Japan     

H. Arakawa 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1954,6(1-2):152-166

Summary As phenological indicators, the freezing dates of Lake Suwa in the Central Japan are tabulated in chronological order over more than five centuries since the winter 1443/44 up to the present. The years in the last 2 1/2 centuries have been characterized by warmer winter (i. e. later freezing), even though there is a definite sequence of fluctuation between cold and warm. Tree-rings analysis is also given for references.

---

Zusammenfassung Die Gefriertermine des Suwa-Sees in Mitteljapan werden als phänologische Indikatoren in chronologischer Reihe über mehr als fünf Jahrhunderte, vom Winter 1443/44 bis heute, mitgeteilt. Die letzten 2 1/2 Jahrhunderte sind durch späteres Zufrieren, also wärmere Winter charakterisiert, wenn sich auch deutliche Fluktuationen zwischen kalt und warm erkennen lassen. Außerdem wird auf Jahresringen der Bäume beruhendes Beweismaterial diskutiert.

---

Résumé L'auteur dispose en tableau chronologique les dates de gel du lac Suwa (Japon central) pour plus de 500 ans, soit depuis l'hiver 1443–44 jusqu'à aujourd'huit et qui peuvent servir d'indicateurs phénologiques. Les années des dernières 2 1/2 siècles sont caractérisées par des hivers plus chauds (gels plus tardifs), malgré des fluctuations définies de périodes chaudes et froides. Pour appuyer ces constations, l'auteur examine aussi les résultats obtenus par l'analyse des cernes des arbres.

---

---

With 3 Figures.  相似文献   

Twelve centuries of blooming dates of the cherry blossoms at the city of Kyoto and its own vicinity     

Dr. H. Arakawa 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1955,30(1):147-150

Summary Blooming dates of the cherry blossoms at the city of Kyoto (old capital of Japan) and its own vicinity are given in chronological order extending over twelve centuries. Examination of this documentary evidence in Japan shows a long period from 11th century until 14th century colder than the average, while the years since have been characterized by earlier blooming even though there is a definite sequence of fluctuation between late and early.  相似文献   

On the age difference between the oldest Population I and the extreme Population II stars     

Hideyuki Saio  Yukio Shibata  Mahiro Simoda 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1977,47(1):151-162

The age difference between the oldest Population I stars and the extreme Population II stars is investigated by comparison of observational H-R diagrams with theoretical results using the common input physics and computer program for both Populations. Chemical compositions adopted for Population I and II stars are,X=0.7 andZ=0.02, andX=2×10^–4, respectively. Evidence collected indicates that the open cluster NGC 188 and the globular cluster M92 are the representative samples of the oldest Population I and extreme Population II stars, respectively. Comparison between the observed H-R diagrams and theoretical isochrones in terms of the luminosity of the subgiant region and the turnoff point for NGC 188 and M92, respectively, then suggests that there is a significant age difference between Population I and II objects. The uncertainty of the oxygen abundance in the extreme Population II stars and its effect on their age determination is briefly discussed.  相似文献   

Influence of relative density,particle shape,and stress path on the plane strain compression behavior of granular materials     

Li Zhuang  Yukio Nakata  Uk-Gie Kim  Dongwook Kim 《Acta Geotechnica》2014,9(2):241-255

Two types of stress path-controlled plane strain compression tests were performed on both loose and dense specimens of angular and sub-angular sands and two rounded glass beads with different particle sizes. Digital image correlation method was used to analyze local deformation developments, especially shear band patterns. The material behavior in response to shearing has been found to be dependent on the relative density, particle shape, and stress path. The results of analysis on local deformation developments showed that the onset of shear bands occurred prior to their peak strengths in both dense and loose specimens. The growth rates of local maximum shear strain along a shear band were approximately consistent with an increasing global axial strain after the onset of shear band. The shear band width was influenced by both the mean particle size and the particle shape. The measured shear band inclination angles were in between those estimated by Coulomb’s and Roscoe’s formulas.  相似文献