Review of Deep-Penetrating Geochemical Exploration Methods     

Han Zhixuan  Liao Jianguo  Zhang Yulong  Zhang Bimin  Wang Xueqiu 《地球科学进展》2017,32(8):828-838

It is a worldwide challenge to explore the deeply buried deposits. Deep-penetrating geochemical exploration methods were developed to solve the problems of how to get the information of the buried deposits in the covered layer. The methods were successfully used to indicate some buried deposits, but not all kinds of deposits. What is more, a method cannot be used in all kinds of landscapes. In this paper, theories and case studies of deep-penetrating geochemical exploration methods, including mobile metal ions, enzyme leach, leaching of mobile forms of metals in overburden, electro-geochemical extraction method, biogeochemical exploration, nano-metal in geogas were reviewed. Elements migration, unloading mechanism and anomaly models are the most important parts for deep-penetrating geochemistry and need to be further investigated. From the perspective of economic efficiency and applicability, sampling and analyzing procedures should be simplified to improve the stability of all methods.  相似文献   

济南药山崩塌地质灾害治理方法初探          下载免费PDF全文

杨全城  王庆兵  董玉龙  刘妍芬 《山东国土资源》2017,33(2)

济南地区的中基性岩体,大面积隐伏分布于济南市北部地带,零星出露为孤峰或丘陵,构成济南地区著名的"齐烟九点"地貌景观。药山为"齐烟九点"之一,地处济南杂岩体的中西部,岩性主要为闪长岩、辉长岩等,块状结构,节理裂隙发育,易球状风化形成临空状危岩体,构成崩塌地质灾害隐患。结合济南药山危岩体组合特征,进行了稳定性计算和分析,提出了不同的治理方案以及具体施工方法和施工顺序,以期达到消除地质灾害隐患的目的,切实保护人民生命财产安全,为类似地区开展地质灾害治理提供参考。  相似文献   

铁还原地下水环境中微生物降解苯和甲苯的碳源 专一性分析     

陈亮  刘菲  刘玉龙  董洪忠 《地学前缘》2010,17(6):47-51

文中研究在粒状铁化学还原三氯乙烯渗透反应格栅和生物降解苯和甲苯渗透反应格栅的联合格栅技术中,下游生物降解格栅中铁还原环境下微生物对苯和甲苯的生物降解。通过模拟粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游铁还原环境,主要研究微生物以苯、甲苯作为碳源时,对碳源的专一性。通过批实验发现,对于分别用苯和甲苯培养驯化的微生物,互换碳源后,微生物对2 000.00μg/L苯和甲苯的生物降解半衰期分别由之前的1.0和1.5 d减少到0.7和1.0 d,互换碳源后苯和甲苯的去除率分别增加38%和32%。在粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游生物降解渗透反应格栅中,微生物在铁还原环境下以苯、甲苯作为碳源时对碳源没有专一性,苯和甲苯可以同时被生物降解去除。  相似文献   

中亚地区阿拉伊盆地构造地质特征与油气条件分析     

郇玉龙 《海相油气地质》2009,14(2)

阿拉伊盆地位于特提斯构造带北缘,是在古生界基底之上发展起来的山间盆地,紧邻我国西部塔里木盆地。自中生代至新生代经历了陆表海沉积期、类前陆盆地期、山间盆地发育期、拗陷期、定形期等5个演化阶段,具有海陆交互、沉积多变、多期叠加、断-拗转换的性质。生储盖匹配良好;烃源岩为古近系、白垩系和中—下侏罗统的海相与潟湖相泥岩、石灰岩和泥灰岩;主要油气储集层为碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层和砂砾岩储层;多套泥岩、膏岩和泥灰岩为区域性和局部盖层;褶皱构造发育,以背斜、断块、断鼻等构造为主。盆地具有一定的油气勘探前景。  相似文献   

GIS-based multi-dimensional risk assessment of the grassland fire in northern China     

Xing-peng Liu  Ji-quan Zhang  Zhi-jun Tong  Yulong Bao 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(1):381-395

This study presents a methodology for risk analysis and assessment to manage grassland fire in northern China based on the Geographical Information Systems from the viewpoints of climatology, geography, disaster science, and environmental science and so on. Using natural disaster and risk assessment theory, a multi-dimensional grassland fire risk index (MGFRI) was proposed by integrating weighted comprehensive method, analytic hierarchy process, and fuzzy gamma method into natural disaster risk index. The developed MGFRI will be an easily understandable tool to manage grassland fire by comparing the risk of regions in the northern China and relative contributions of various factors, for example, hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and management ability. A scale of one to five was derived to measure the risk degree. It shows that 4.4?% of grassland falls in the category of ??very high?? risk, followed by 9.6, 19.1, 60.9, and 5.9?%, respectively, in the categories ??high??, ??middle??, ??low??, and ??very low??. The assessment results show reliability by test. The results in this study are intended to support local, provincial, and national government agencies to: (1) make resource allocation decisions; (2) make high-level planning decisions; and (3) raise public awareness of grassland fire risk, its causes, and ways to manage it.  相似文献   

A simulation experimental study on oxidative kinetics of sphalerite under hypergene condition     

Ziping Pan  Lin Ye  Tiegeng Liu  Zengtao Cheng  Wei Gao  Yulong Yang 《中国地球化学学报》2012,31(4):457-464

The sphalerite oxidative kinetics under hypergene condition was simulated and studied by means of a mixed flow reactor over a pH range of 1.0 7.8,and at dissolution temperatures from 20 to 55℃,ferric ion concentrations from 1.0×10-5 to 1.0×10-2 mol/L,O 2 flux of 0.5 L/min,and oxidants of ferric ion and O 2.It is indicated that with ferric ion as oxidant,the oxidation rate of sphalerite increases with increasing ferric ion concentration,temperature and decreasing pH value,and under the studied conditions,the dissolution rates of Zn and Cd are approximately identical,with the values of activation energy being 41.75 and 42.51 kJ·mol-1,respectively,suggesting that the oxidation rate of sphalerite is controlled by chemical reactions on mineral surface.However,with O 2 as oxidant,the oxidation mechanism of sphalerite varies with pH value.Oxidation rate decreases with increasing pH value when pH is lower than 5.95,whereas the increase of pH value results in an increase in oxidation rate when pH value is higher than 7.The oxidation rate of sphalerite can be expressed as:R Zn =10 1.1663 [Fe3+] 0 0.154 ·[H+] 0.2659 ·e-41.75/RT or R Cd =10 1.7292 [Fe3+] 0 0.170 ·[H+] 0.2637 ·e-42.51/RT  相似文献   

华北克拉通典型拗拉槽中—新元古界沉积体系与古地理演化     

吕奇奇  罗顺社  汪泽成  王铜山  张严  官玉龙 《地质学报》2022,96(2):349-367

中新元古界的油气资源潜力业已引起国际地质界的密切关注.近年来,新的钻探资料证实,华北克拉通中新元古代发育多个克拉通内拗拉槽,且拗拉槽内发育多套优质烃源岩及生储盖组合,显示具有巨大的油气勘探潜力.本文以华北克拉通东北缘燕辽拗拉槽和南缘熊耳拗拉槽中 新元古代地层为研究对象,以6条典型基干剖面实测、9条重点辅助剖面观察、3口...  相似文献   

日本至中国东北区域构造应力场分布与Benioff带的形态关系研究     

冯兵  李杨  王文涛  杨应召  汶宇龙  刘蜀 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(4):425-431

收集2 291个来源于NIED F-net宽频带地震台网中心M_W≥3.0地震的震源机制解,采用MSATSI构造应力反演方法,得到反映应力相对大小的R值的量θ和3个主应力轴的方位角与倾伏角,同时反演出每个网格的极射赤平投影P、T轴。以3D应力反演为导向,采用矩阵网格分区的方法,以纬度、经度、深度为坐标,将发生在每一区域的震源机制解投射到相应的矩阵区中,并反演出每个矩阵网格点的应力场变化及分布情况。反演结果表明,与板块交接的浅部区域不仅受到太平洋板块的挤压俯冲,同时也受北美板块的斜插作用;东北区域的深震为Benioff带俯冲作用的结果。  相似文献   

基于ArcEngine高斯烟团气体扩散模型的模拟实现     

陈祖刚  王玉龙  李艳桦  王金鑫 《测绘信息与工程》2011,36(2):10-12,36

采用ArcGIS Engine（ArcEngine）组件式地理信息系统开发方法,实现了高斯烟团气体扩散模型的空间动态模拟,分析计算了气体扩散过程中的各关键参数。  相似文献   

A study of extratropical transition and re-intensification of Typhoon Mindulle (2004)     

Xiande Zhu  Qi Wang  Gang Fu  Yulong Liu  Ying Tian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(3):197-209

In this study,the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is used to simulate Typhoon Mindulle (2004) at high resolution (3-km grid size).The data from measurements show that in the upper atmosphere the existence of an upper jet is important to the transition cyclone.When Mindulle moved to the area of the upper jet entrance,where high-altitude divergence existed, the pumping of the high-altitude divergence would enhance the vertical motion and low-level cyclone convergence. The enhanced vertical motion was confirmed by the simulation results and indicated that the existence of upper divergence enhanced the vertical motion which was favorable for the maintenance of Typhoon Mindulle.The process of extratropical transition (ET) and re-intensification always accompanies the process of cold air invasion. This process enhances the baroclinicity of the atmosphere and the formation of front at high altitudes, which converts baroclinic potential energy into kinetic energy and strengthens the cyclone vortex.The distributions of equivalent potential temperature (θe) and temperature anomalies show that the warm-core of the typhoon at the tropopause aids the re-intensification of the system. As the typhoon reenters the ocean, latent heat flux (LHF) increases in the north and west and the strong reflectivity and vertical motion occur in the east and southeast,and the west.With the re-intensification of the typhoon the wind field evolves from an oval to a circle at the lower atmosphere, the area coverage by high winds increases, and the distribution of the tangential wind shows an asymmetric pattern.  相似文献