华南中生代岩浆活动研究：现状和前景     

毛建仁  叶海敏  厉子龙  赵希林  刘凯  李寄嵎  Yutaka Takahashi  Weon-Seo KEE 《地质学报》2013,87(Z1):137-138

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用X射线分析显微镜对海藻元素的研究Ⅰ.海藻的X射线荧光光谱     

严小军  范晓  永田忠博 《海洋科学集刊》2000,(42):172-181

X射线分析显微镜(XGT-2000V, Horiba Co.,Japan,1993年制造)是一种新颖、快速的元素分析仪器,可以用来分析海藻中元素的组成特点。本研究对1997年4,5月在山东省威海市采集的22种海藻进行了研究,测定了海藻的Ⅹ射线荧光光谱(XRF),并根据Ⅹ射线特性荧光的能量分析海藻的主要元素组成。然后采用基本参数法(FP法)对每种海藻的主要元素进行了半定量分析。研究结果表明,Ⅹ射线分析显微镜可以快速观测海藻中的主要元素如钾、硫、钙、铁、锌、溴、锶等,是研究元素组成与化学种态的有效的非破坏分析手段。从Ⅹ射线荧光光谱可以看出,绿藻的特征元素是钾、钙、硫,孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)含有较多的铁元素,而浒苔则含有较多的溴元素。褐藻的特征元素除钾、钙、硫之外,还含有较多的锶元素。另外,酸藻 (Desmarestia viridis)含有大量的硫及溴元素,鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、单条髓藻(Myelophycus simplex)及酸藻 (Desmarestia viridis)中尚含有较多的铁元素。红藻的特征是多种红藻均含有较大量的溴元素,例如波登仙菜(Ceramium kondai)、松节藻(Rhodomela confervoides)、多管藻(Polysiphonia urceolata)、石花菜(Gelidium amansii)及亮管藻(Hyalosiphonia caespitosa)。另外,珊瑚藻(Corallina pilulifera)中含有大量的钙质。  相似文献   

Transition from frontal accretion to underplating in a part of the Nankai Trough Accretionary Complex off Shikoku (SW Japan) and extensional features on the lower trench slope     

Jeremy Leggett  Yutaka Aoki  Takefumi Toba 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1985,2(2):131-141

Migrated multichannel seismic reflection profiles and bathymetry from a 200 × 120 km area of the Nankai Trough inner slope reveal three physiographic-tectonic domains on the lowermost slope. Linear ridges demarking laterally-continuous hangingwall anticlines above ramps in a relatively simple imbricate stack of trench turbidites characterize the western domain. An imbricate fan underlies a relatively flat structural terrace in the east. Between these two domains lies a compound knoll (Minami Muroto Knoll) some 40 km long, opposite which the thrust front pushes some 10 km further seaward than is the case in the domains to east and west. In the western ‘linear-ridge’ domain previous DSDP drilling penetrated turbiditic trench fill uplifted in the lowermost thrust-fold terrace above a decollement within the underthrusting Shikoku Basin (oceanic plate) sequence. The Shikoku Basin sequence in the western domain is divided into an upper, poorly reflective, hemipelagic claystone unit and a lower, strongly reflective, unit comprising Pliocene turbidites. The lower unit is traceable intact up to c.20 km landward below the lower trench slope and in the better resolved profiles the decollement lies along the base of the claystone unit. A similar decollement within the Shikoku Basin sequence in the eastern domain is traceable up to c.22 km landward. A critical seismic record crossing the western part of Minami-Muroto Knoll shows that the decollement is traceable only 8 km landward to a point, under the steep slope at the front of the knoll, landward of which the subducting Shikoku basin sequence is apparently thickened by as much as twice. This thickening, occuring as it does immediately along-strike from a simple imbricate fan to the east of the knoll and a relatively simple imbricate stack to the west (both evidently involving no strata from the lower Shikoku Basin unit) we ascribe to underplating by formation of duplexes of Shikoku Basin strata. Strike-parallel extension, akin to that postulated for high structural levels in certain thrust belts, is caused by uplift of the knoll as a result either of the underplating, or segmentation of the subducting oceanic crust, or both: a normal fault throws to the west off the west flank of the knoll. It bounds a transverse, trough-like, slope-basin with at least 900 m of fill. Upslope from the knoll broadly slope-parallel normal faults cut, and pond, recent slope sediments. The most impressive is a listric growth fault which dips trenchward. Alternative explanations for these involve extensional collapse of this part of the prism resulting from the subduction of a topographic high, or a zone of selective underplating below the trenchward portion of Minami Murato Knoll.  相似文献   

Climate control on Venus: Comparison of the carbonate and pyrite models     

George L. Hashimoto  Yutaka Abe 《Planetary and Space Science》2005,53(8):839-848

We review two models describing the Venus climate system: the carbonate and pyrite models. It has been argued carbonate and pyrite are potentially important minerals controlling the climate of Venus, though existence of either minerals has not been confirmed. Although it used to be proposed that carbonation reaction might explain the Venus’ atmospheric CO₂ abundance, it is unlikely Venus’ surface is reactive enough to control the Venus’ massive CO₂ atmosphere. Venus’ surface carbonate is also able to affect the climate through the reaction with atmospheric SO₂ to form anhydrite. Under the carbonate model the climate state is not in equilibrium and would be unstable due to the reaction between carbonate and SO₂. On the other hand, pyrite-magnetite reaction is proposed to explain the Venus’ atmospheric SO₂ abundance. Under pyrite-magnetite reaction, however, the climate would be stabilized such that the existing climate state is maintained over a geological timescale, while some observational facts such as atmospheric abundance of SO₂ and surface temperature could also be reasonably explained.  相似文献   

A strong motion database for the chiba seismometer array and its engineering analysis     

Tsuneo Katayama  Fumio Yamazaki  Shigeru Nagata  Lin Lu  Turgay Turker 《地震工程与结构动力学》1990,19(8):1089-1106

A three-dimensional seismometer array was installed in the Chiba Experiment Station of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo in 1982. The array system consists of 44 three-component accelerometers densely placed both on the ground surface and in boreholes. A complementary system for the measurement of ground and buried pipe strains was also installed at the same site. The array system has been successfully in operation, and more than 160 earthquakes have been recorded. Considering a wide use of these seismograms, the Chiba array database has recently been created comprising twenty-seven major events. This paper describes the Chiba array system and its strong motion database. Results of engineering analysis using the selected records are also presented.  相似文献   

Large-scale active coronal phenomena in Yohkoh SXT images     

František Fárník  Zdeněk Švestka  Hugh S. Hudson  Yutaka Uchida 《Solar physics》1996,168(2):331-343

We discuss Yohkoh SXT observations of stationary giant post-flare arches which occurred on 3–6 May, 1992 and study in detail the last arch, associated with the flare at 19:02 UT on 5 May, which extended above the west limb. The arch was similar to the first giant arch discovered on board the SMM, on 21–22 May, 1980. We demonstrate that the long lifetimes of these structures necessarily imply additional energy input from the underlying active region: otherwise, conduction would cool these arches in less than one hour and even with the unlikely assumption of conduction inhibited, pure radiative cooling would not produce the temperature decrease observed. All arch tops, although varying in brightness, stayed for several days at a fairly constant altitude of 100 000 km, and the arch studied, on 5–6 May, was just a new brightening of the pre-existing decaying structure. The brightening was apparently due to inflow of hot plasma from the flare region. Yohkoh data confirm that these stationary arches are rare phenomena when compared with the rising arches studied in Paper I and with Uchida et al.'s expanding active regions.  相似文献   

Effects of temperature elevation and glucose addition on prokaryotic production and respiration in the mesopelagic layer of the western North Pacific     

Mario Uchimiya  Hiroshi Ogawa  Toshi Nagata 《Journal of Oceanography》2016,72(3):419-426

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Warm eddy movements in the eastern Japan Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yutaka Isoda 《Journal of Oceanography》1994,50(1):1-15

Warm eddy movements and their areal extent in the eastern Japan Sea were described by presenting space-time diagrams for the warm eddy locations and magnitudes. The analyzed data were compiled from Japan Maritime Safety Agency thermal maps at 200 m depth from 1985 to 1992. Two to four warm eddies always existed in the eastern Japan Sea and exhibited both internnual and annual signals. We found that warm eddies were generated in spring around Oki Spur at least three times during the analyzed period of eight years, moved eastward, and interacted with neighboring warm eddies, which were involved in coalescences or separations. The warm eddy distributions off Noto Peninsula have clear seasonal preference. Warm eddies moved eastward from Noto Peninsula in winter-spring to North Japan in the next winter, with mean translation speeds of 0.5–2 cm s^–1. Warm eddies reaching North Japan typically decayed during a few month after splitting into two or three mesoscale warm eddies.  相似文献   

Strontium concentrations and strontium-chlorinity ratios in sea water of the North Pacific and the adjacent seas of Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yutaka Nagaya  Kiyoshi Nakamura  Masamichi Saiki 《Journal of Oceanography》1971,27(1):20-26

Strontium contents of 232 sea water samples collected at various stations in the North Pacific and adjacent seas of Japan were measured by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry and strontium-chlorinity ratios were determined. Mean Sr concentration is 8.08 mg/kg and mean Sr/Cl ratio is 0.425 mg/kg/Contrary to some recent reports, regional and vertical variations of Sr/Cl ratios were statistically insignificant, and presence of particulate strontium was not confirmed.  相似文献   

Simultaneous vertical measurements of in situ pH and CO2 in the sea using spectrophotometric profilers     

Yoshiyuki Nakano  Hideshi Kimoto  Shuichi Watanabe  Koh Harada  Yutaka W. Watanabe 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(1):71-81

We have developed new systems capable of profiling to >1000 m for measuring in situ pH and fugacity of CO₂ (fCO₂) in the ocean using spectrophotometric analysis (pH and CO₂ profilers). The in situ pH is determined by detecting the color change of the pH indicator (m-cresol purple). It can withstand ambient pressure to 1000 m depth. The CO₂ profiler analyzed in situ fCO₂ by detecting the change of pH in an inner solution, equilibrated with the seawater through a gas permeable membrane. It can be operated to 2500 m depth. We used an amorphous fluoropolymer tubing form of AF-2400 for the gas permeable membrane due to its high gas permeability coefficients. The inner solution was a mixture of 2 μM bromocresol purple (BCP) and 5 μM sodium hydroxide. This system gave us a response time of 1 minute, which is twice as fast as previous systems. The precisions of pH and CO₂ profilers were within 0.002 and 2.5% respectively. We have used these profilers to study the North Pacific, obtaining good agreement with the difference between the data from profilers and a discrete bottle of 0.002 ± 0.005 pH (SE, n = 25) and −0.4 ± 3 μatm (SE, n = 31).  相似文献