Localisation and phase transition of acoustic waves in a soft medium containing air bubbles     

梁彬  邹欣晔  程建春 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

We study via numerical experiments the localisation property of an acoustic wave in a viscoelastic soft medium containing randomly-distributed air bubbles. The behaviours of the oscillation phases of bubbles are particularly investigated in various cases for distinguishing efficiently the acoustic localisation from the effects of acoustic absorption caused by the viscosity of medium. The numerical results reveal the phenomenon of `phase transition' characterized by an unusual collective oscillation of bubbles, which is an effective criterion to unambiguously identify the acoustic localisation in the presence of viscosity. Within the localisation region, the phenomenon of phase transition persists, and a remarkable decrease in the fluctuation of the oscillation phases of bubbles is observed. The localisation phenomenon will be impaired by the enhancement of the viscosity factors, and the extent to which the acoustic wave is localised may be determined by appropriately analyzing the values of the oscillation phases or the amount of reduction of the phase fluctuation. The results are particularly significant for the practical experiments in an attempt to observe the acoustic localisation in such a medium, which is in general subjected to the interference of the great ambiguity resulting from the effect of acoustic absorption.  相似文献   

Sources, pathways and sinks of particulate organic matter in Hudson Bay: Evidence from lignin distributions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zou Zou A. Kuzyk  Miguel A. Goi  Gary A. Stern  Robie W. Macdonald 《Marine Chemistry》2008,112(3-4):215-229

Hudson Bay is a large, estuarine, shelf-like sea at the southern margin of the Arctic, where changes in seasonal ice cover and river discharge appear already to be underway. Here we present lignin data for dated sediments from eleven box cores and evaluate sources of terrigenous carbon, transport pathways, and whether terrigenous organic matter has been influenced by recent environmental change. Lignin yields (0.04 to 1.46 mg/100 mg organic carbon) decreased from the margin to the interior and from south to north, broadly reflecting the distribution of river inputs. Lignin compositional patterns indicated distinct regional sources with boreal forest (woody gymnosperm) vegetation an important source in the south, vs. tundra (non-woody angiosperm) in the north. Lignin patterns suggest redistribution of a fine-grained, mineral-associated fraction of the southern-derived terrigenous carbon to the northeast part of the Bay and ultimately into west Hudson Strait with the Bay's cyclonic coastal circulation. A small component of the carbon makes it to the central basins of Hudson Bay but most of the terrigenous organic material in that area appears to derive from resuspension of older, isostatically-rebounding coastal and inner shelf deposits. Most modern plant debris appears to be retained near river mouths due to hydrodynamic sorting, with the exception of the southwest inner shelf, where these materials extend > 30 km from shore. Temporal changes in the composition of terrigenous organic carbon recorded in most of the southern Hudson Bay cores perhaps reflect increases in erosion and cross-shelf transport from coastal deposits, possibly mediated by change in ice climate. In contrast, temporal changes in the northwest may relate to changes in the supply of modern plant debris under recent warmer conditions. On the western shelf, changes may relate to ice climate and the distribution of northern coastal water and/or changes in the delivery of materials by the Churchill River due to water diversion. Although the cores show evidence of change related to the ice climate, there is little evidence that ice itself transports terrigenous organic carbon within the system.  相似文献   

Vaccination in three different ways against vibriosis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Seriola dumerili</Emphasis> caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio hollisae</Emphasis>     

纪荣兴  邹文政  胡石柳  鄢庆枇 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(3):233-237

Bacterin was prepared by formalin-inactivating the virulent strain of Vibrio hollisae isolated from diseased Seriola dumerili （amberjack） suffering from vibriosis. Healthy S. dumeriIi were vaccinated by respective procedures of intramuscular injection, immersion, and orally administration. Results of the three different vaccinations were compared. Blood was drawn from the vaccinated fish every 7 days, and the antibody titers and lysozyme activities of the sera were determined. The antibody titer of injected fish was 1：40 at 7 d, and reached its peak of 1：320 at 28 d, while the fish vaccinated by immersion and orally administration exhibited weak antibody responses, the antibody titres of 〈1：10, 1：20, 1：160 were observed at 7 d, 14 d, 35 d respectively. Compared with the control, the vaccinated fish exhibited significantly higher lysozyme activities （P〈0.05）. Upon challenge with virulent strain, the relative percent survival （RPS） of injected, immersed and oral administrated fish were 75%, 45%, and 40% respectively, and the injected fish showed significantly higher RPS than immersed and oral administrated fish. The results suggested that vaccination of S. dumerili by the injection would be the best strategy to prevent the vibriosis in S. dumerili farm.  相似文献   

中国大陆及邻GRACE卫星重力变化研究     

邹正波  邢乐林  李辉  康开轩  周新 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(1)

探讨如何运用GRACE数据进行重力变化的计算和分析.对GRACE重力场位系数的最大阶次选取进行了分析,并利用月卫星重力场模型计算了中国大陆及邻区的重力变化,通过平均半径为800km的高斯平滑,得出了合理的重力变化结果.  相似文献   

A two-mechanism soil–structure interface model for three-dimensional cyclic loading     

Jingmao Liu  Degao Zou  Xianjing Kong 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(15):2042-2069

A three-dimensional (3D) soil–structure interface model is proposed within the two-mechanism constitutive theory and bounding surface theory originally established for soils. The proposed model has two main characteristics: first, the model is formulated based on two different and superposed deformation mechanisms. The first mechanism is due to the stress ratio increment, and the second is due to the normal stress increment. Each mechanism induces a shear strain component and a normal strain component. The proposed model can be reduced to the conventional single-mechanism interface model. Second, the plastic modulus and stress dilatancy are defined using the bounding surface theory. The plastic flow rule under cyclic loading is modified and assumed to be dependent on both the stress state of the mapping point and the stress reversal loading direction. The proposed model was validated against the available 3D interface tests and was found to satisfactorily reflect the salient features of the interfaces under monotonic and cyclic loading paths with different normal boundaries. The problem in which the elastic normal stiffness in conventional single-mechanism interface models is often underestimated to enhance the simulation performance under varying normal stress conditions is solved by incorporating the second mechanism. And the effect of the second mechanism on the modeling behavior is discussed. The modified plastic flow direction accurately simulates the 3D cyclic shear response, and the difference between the model simulation and test result increases with the number of cycles by use of the plastic flow direction defined in conventional bounding surface theory.  相似文献   

Response of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to obliquely incident plane P or SV wave          下载免费PDF全文

Yan Zou  Huabei Liu  Liping Jing  Yu Miao 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(16):2001-2017

A semianalytical procedure is proposed for evaluating the internal forces of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave. In this study, the hoop bending moment and hoop axial force are related to the free‐field responses of the ground. A one‐dimensional numerical approach is firstly presented to obtain the free‐field responses of a layered half‐space with an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave propagation. Then, the free‐field stress state is transformed and decomposed in the polar coordinate system. The internal forces of tunnel caused by the isotropic stress state and the pure shear state are calculated and then summed up to obtain the overall analytical solutions. Finally, the validity of the proposed semianalytical procedure is demonstrated by numerical examples.  相似文献   

Time series data correction for the Chang'E-1 gamma-ray spectrometer     

Li-Yan Zhang    Yong-Liao Zou  Jian-Zhong Liu  Jian-Jun Liu  Ji Shen  Ling-Li Mu  Xin Ren  Wei-Bin Wen  Chun-Lai Li National Astronomical Observatories  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China  Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(6)

The main goal of the gamma-ray spectrometer(GRS) onboard Chang'E1(CE-1) is to acquire global maps of elemental abundances and their distributions on the moon,since such maps will significantly improve our understanding of lunar formation and evolution.To derive the elemental maps and enable research on lunar formation and evolution,raw data that are received directly from the spacecraft must be converted into time series corrected gamma-ray spectra.The data correction procedures for the CE-1 GRS time series...  相似文献   

空间科学虚拟观测台体系结构研究     

傅衍杰  邹自明  佟继周 《天文研究与技术》2011,(4)

科学观测数据的海量增长,使得旨在实现资源互操作的虚拟观测台(VO)应运而生,并迅速受到相关学科的支持和重视。国际虚拟天文台联盟(IVOA)、行星科学数据系统(PDS)和空间物理归档检索抽取标准(SPASE)等数据组织,正加快制定数据管理模型,推动VO的发展和跨学科应用。结合空间科学应用研究的特点,在借鉴国内外天文和空间科学VO研究成果的基础上,提出了一种针对空间科学数据的Hybrid型VO体系结构,并基于此体系结构发展了一个支持同步收割、格式化管道和事件关联发现的空间科学VO原型。实践和应用结果表明,基于这种体系结构建立的VO在解决全局资源的实时同步、异构应用的高度集成和面向科学问题的数据发现等问题上,有一定的普适性。  相似文献   

江苏盐城原生盐沼湿地大型底栖动物重金属含量及生物质量评价     

田野  左平  邹欣庆  赵善道  张东菊 《第四纪研究》2012,32(6)

以江苏盐城国家级自然保护区核心区为研究区域,分别于盐蒿滩、互花米草滩、光滩采集大型底栖动物沙蚕、泥螺和四角蛤蜊样品,测定其体内重金属Hg,As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Zn和Ni含量,并运用统计分析、金属污染指数(MPI)、单因子污染指数(Pi)、生物-沉积物累积因子(BSAF)进行分析.结果表明,重金属元素在各类底栖动物体内的含量分布不同,Cd在光滩四角蛤蜊中富集最多,Zn在互花米草滩沙蚕中富集最多,Hg,As,Cr,Cu,Pb和Ni均在光滩泥螺体内富集最多.盐蒿沙蚕、米草沙蚕、光滩泥螺和光滩蛤蜊MPI值分别为1.984,2.085,4.320和1.618.泥螺受污染程度最重,超出沙蚕和四角蛤蜊的2倍.沙蚕、四角蛤蜊体内Zn的积累量、泥螺体内As和Cu的积累量均高于沉积物.按照海洋贝类生物质量标准中的第一类指标对样品进行生物质量评价,发现研究区泥螺体内Cr,Cu和Pb含量均超过此标准,尤以Pb超标最为严重,污染指数Pi值达7.628.四角蛤蜊生物质量总体良好,除Cd和Cr超标,分别为海洋贝类质量标准的1.812倍和1.408倍外,其余元素均未超过标准.方差分析显示不同大型底栖动物种类对重金属的富集能力差别较大.生物类型比环境背景对重金属在生物体内的富集影响更大.研究区泥螺和四角蛤蜊体内的多数重金属元素含量低于国内其他区域的同种底栖动物.  相似文献   

河海交互作用与黄东海域古扬子大三角洲体系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王颖  邹欣庆  殷勇  张永战  刘绍文 《第四纪研究》2012,32(6)

河海交互作用与堆积型大陆架发育,是中国海浅海地貌的主要特色.发源于世界屋脊的大河中有5条汇入中国海,源远流长,携运了巨量泥沙被阻积于岛弧背侧的边缘海中.经过漫长的新生代地质时期,尤其是在中、晚更新世堆积为陆架,并经历着全新世海侵过程中的浪流改造.作者通过近30年对区域海岸海洋研究的成果积累,逐渐认识到:在南黄海-东海海域,分布着一个巨型的三角洲体系:基底的大三角洲是中、晚更新世由古长江、古黄河两条世界级大河输水供沙,受季风波浪和潮流作用形成的,其发育时代应在长江贯通下游汇入黄、东海以后;其上叠置发育了规模逐次减小的古江河三角洲、南黄海辐射沙脊群、全新世—现代长江三角洲和历史时期的废黄河三角洲,组成巨型的复合三角洲体系,表层经全新世以来海侵改造发育了波浪与潮流共同作用的沙脊地貌.大三角洲体系覆盖着东海及南黄海海底,形成大陆架表层沉积地貌.这一巨型的河-海交互作用大陆架、三角洲体系,独具特色,具有重大的研究价值.建议:首先需进行一体化全方位的多项调查,包括遥感影像判识,水深与地震剖面探测,海底底质与钻孔取样,以及现代水文泥沙测量等,阐明其分布与环境特征;再进一步开展多学科交叉研究——地质地理、地貌、沉积、海洋动力、海平面变化与河流变迁、海洋地理信息系统等,期以阐明古扬子大三角洲体系各组成部分分布的范围、沉积组成和地貌特点,以及相互叠置关系.最终期以揭示中、晚更新世以来河-海交互作用过程与动力机制、海岸变迁与陆架堆积发育等基础科学问题,为亚太边缘海与大河相互作用的堆积型陆架发育提供实证,丰富海洋地质学理论.同时,可阐明现代海岸滩涂的蚀、淤动态,为新生土地资源规划利用,物源及陆架海疆权益维护提供重要的科学依据.  相似文献