基于遥感数据的青藏高原热环境调查     

杨金香  张明旭  毕思文  程学丰 《地球学报》2010,31(1):117-121

本文以地球系统科学和地球力学为理论基础, 以遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球定位系统(GPS)为技术支撑, 利用亚东－格尔木－锡铁山走廊域的地学剖面实测温度数据和青藏高原MODIS遥感影像数据, 分析研究了青藏高原亚东－格尔木－锡铁山走廊域的热环境特征。通过研究表明, 研究区域内热环境总体分布规律为中东部最高, 东南部次之, 西北部最低。  相似文献   

REE, Mn, Fe, Mg and C, O Isotopic Geochemistry of Calcites from Furong Tin Deposit, South China: Evidence for the Genesis of the Hydrothermal Ore-forming Fluids     

Yan Shuang  Xian-Wu Bi  Rui-Zhong Hu  Jian-Tang Peng  Hang Li  Da-Hua Li    Chang-Sheng Zhu 《Resource Geology》2010,60(1):18-34

The Furong tin deposit in the central Nanling region, South China, consists of three main types of mineralization ores, i.e. skarn-, altered granite- and greisen-type ores, hosted in Carboniferous and Permian strata and Mesozoic granitic intrusions. Calcite is the dominant gangue mineral intergrown with ore bodies in the orefield. We have carried out REE, Mn, Fe, and Mg geochemical and C, and O isotopic studies on calcites to constrain the source and evolution of the ore-forming fluids. The calcites from the Furong deposit exhibit middle negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*= 0.311–0.921), except for one which has an Eu/Eu* of 1.10, with the total REE content of 5.49–133 ppm. The results show that the calcites are characterized by two types of REE distribution patterns: a LREE-enriched pattern and a flat REE pattern. The LREE-enriched pattern of calcites accompanying greisen-type ore and skarn-type ore are similar to those of Qitianling granite. The REE, Mn, Fe, and Mg abundances of calcites exhibit a decreasing tendency from granite rock mass to wall rock, i.e. these abundances of calcites associated with altered granite-type and greisen-type ores are higher than those associated with skarn-type ores. The calcites from primary ores in the Furong deposit show large variation in carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of calcites are −0.4 to −12.7‰ and 2.8 to 16.4‰, respectively, and mainly fall within the range between mantle or magmatic carbon and marine carbonate. The calcites from greisen and altered granite ores in the Furong deposit display a negative correlation in the diagram of δ¹³C versus δ¹⁸O, probably owing to the CO₂-degassing of the ore-forming fluids. From the intrusion to wall-rock, the calcites display an increasing tendency with respect to δ¹³C values. This implies that the carbon isotopic compositions of the ore-bearing fluids have progressively changed from domination by magmatic carbon to sedimentary carbonate carbon. In combination with other geological and geochemical data, we suggest that the ore-forming fluids represent magmatic origin. We believe that the fluids exsolved from fractionation of the granitic magma, accompanying magmatism of the Qitianling granite complex, were involved in the mineralization of the Furong tin polymetallic deposit.  相似文献   

四川盆地东北部飞仙关组优质储层特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毕海龙  李斌  彭军  张良华  陈波 《海相油气地质》2010,15(2):30-35

对四川盆地东北部下三叠统飞仙关组地质、测井和地震数据的分析表明,该区优质储层多由残余鲕粒白云岩构成,储集空间以裂缝-孔隙型为主,属于中等孔隙度高渗透率性质的储层。优质储层测井曲线多具有低伽马、低速度、低密度和高中子孔隙度的"三低一高"特征,地震反射响应特征为中—强反射振幅并和地层顶底面反射形成典型的"亮点",可利用约束稀疏脉冲反演表征储层的纵横向分布。认为地质与地震相结合是预测飞仙关组优质储层的有效方法。  相似文献   

A fast inversion method for ocean parameters based on dispersion curves with a single hydrophone     

Xiaoman Li  Biao Wang  Xuejie Bi  Hong Wu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(9):71-85

The dispersion characteristics of shallow water can be described by the dispersion curves, which contain substantial ocean parameter information. A fast ocean parameter inversion method based on dispersion curves with a single hydrophone is presented in this paper. The method is achieved through Bayesian theory. Several sets of dispersion curves extracted from measured data are used as the input function. The inversion is performed by matching a replica calculated with a dispersion formula. The bottom characteristics can be described by the bottom reflection phase shift parameter P. The propagation range and the depth can be inverted quickly when the seabed parameters are represented by on parameter P. The inversion results improve the inversion efficiency of the seabed parameters. Consequently, the inversion efficiency and accuracy are improved while the number of inversion parameters is decreased and the computational speed of replica is increased. The inversion results have lower error than the reference values, and the dispersion curves calculated with inversion parameters are also in good agreement with extracted curves from measured data; thus, the effectiveness of the inversion method is demonstrated.  相似文献   

Improvement of pseudo-static method for slope stability analysis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chang-wei Yang  Jian-jing Zhang  Xiao Fu  Chuan-bin Zhu  Jun-wei Bi 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):625-633

traditional In this paper, two drawbacks pseudo-static method （vertical of the slice method） in the slope stability evaluation have been studied. First, the sliding mass is divided into vertical slices according to this method, which is irrational to some extent in the seismic design of slope. Second, only peak ground acceleration （PGA） is considered, and the effects of shaking frequency and duration on slope stability are neglected. And then, based on the theory of elastic wave and the summarized geological model, this paper put forwards an improved method of pseudo-method by using the theory of elastic wave and Hilbert-Huang transform. The improved pseudostatic method gives reasonable considerations to the time-frequency effects of seismic wave and its rationality has been verified by the shaking table test. This method can evaluate the safety of a slope, the happening time and the scale of landslides. At the same time, this method also can improve the high accuracy of the evaluation of the safety of the slope.  相似文献   

Wave effect on the ocean circulations through mass transport and wave-induced pumping   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

BI Fan  and WU Kejian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):175-182

The wave Coriolis-Stokes-Force-modified ocean momentum equations are reviewed in this paper and the wave Stokes transport is pointed out to be part of the ocean circulations. Using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40-year reanalysis data (ERA-40 data) and the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) version 2.2.4 data, the magnitude of this transport is compared with that of wind-driven Sverdrup transport and a 5-to-10-precent contribution by the wave Stokes transport is found. Both transports are stronger in boreal winter than in summers. The wave effect can be either contribution or cancellation in different seasons. Examination with Kuroshio transport verifies similar seasonal variations. The clarification of the efficient wave boundary condition helps to understand the role of waves in mass transport. It acts as surface wind stress and can be functional down to the bottom of the ageostrophic layer. The pumping velocities resulting from wave-induced stress are zonally distributed and are significant in relatively high latitudes. Further work will focus on the model performance of the wave-stress-changed-boundary and the role of swells in the eastern part of the oceans.  相似文献   

近红外CO₂高光谱探测仪通道选择          下载免费PDF全文

毕研盟  杨忠东  卢乃锰  张鹏  王倩 《应用气象学报》2014,25(2):143-149

近红外波段 (1.6 μm) 遥感可探测大气CO₂含量信息,应用于碳循环研究中。宽波段、高分辨率不但对仪器研制是一个挑战,而且巨大的数据量对观测的正演、反演也是一个挑战性课题。该文应用自由度及信息量分析法,对近红外高光谱波段中探测通道进行CO₂信息量分析,选择前20~100个高信息量的CO₂探测通道,并进行了反演模拟测试。结果表明:前20个高信息量通道占所有通道总信息量的76.4%,仅用所选的前20个通道进行反演,与所有通道参加反演的结果相比,误差增加0.3×10-6;通道数增至60时,信息量增加,通道数再增加,信息量则增加不显著;CO₂反演误差存在相似的关系。在高CO₂信息量分布上,弱吸收性质的1.6 μm波段和强吸收性质的2.06 μm波段表现出不同特点。  相似文献   

Surface characterization of maize-straw-derived biochars and their sorption performance for MTBE and benzene   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Liwei Xiao  Erping Bi  Beibei Du  Xiaoli Zhao  Chen Xing 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(12):5195-5205

Biochars generated at various temperatures might show significant differences in sorption for organic contaminants. In this study, a series of biochars, generated from pyrolyzing maize straws at different temperatures, were systematically characterized. The characterization results showed that with increasing pyrolysis temperature, the surface areas, micropore areas and aromaticity of biochars were enhanced. Batch experiments were conducted to study methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and benzene sorption to biochars. The results indicated that the sorption capacity of benzene to biochars was higher than that of MTBE. The higher pyrolyzed temperature of biochars resulted in a stronger sorption affinity for target compounds, and the dominant sorption mechanisms varied for biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures. The sorption to biochars pyrolyzed at 700 and 800 °C performed a high adsorption capacity, which indicated that they might be a promising sorbent to remove MTBE and benzene from water. Biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C showed transitional sorption mechanisms from partition to adsorption for MTBE and benzene. Pore-filling was a possible sorption mechanism to biochars pyrolyzed at high temperature.  相似文献   

The comparison analysis of Chinese public perception of earthquakes on different time scales   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Lei Huang  Weiliang Bao  Kai Chen  Jun Bi 《Natural Hazards》2014,73(2):613-625

China has suffered from severe earthquake disasters in recent years. In order to explore the impact of severe earthquakes on public risk perception on different time scales, four surveys were conducted twice each after the severe Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes. t tests were performed between two consecutive surveys to explore the change of public risk attitudes. The results demonstrated that after the two severe earthquakes, the public seismic risk acceptance has increased over time, and the comparison between pre- and post-Yushu earthquake illustrated that the severe disaster had more impact on vulnerable population such as females, children and low-income people. Moreover, linear regression models were employed to find the determining factors of public acceptance towards earthquake risks. It was discovered that the public perceived earthquake effect had significant negative relationship with seismic risk acceptance, and public trust towards local government had positive relationship with the risk acceptance. This study could help government to gain better understanding of public mental status and take more effective disaster preparedness measures when preventing and responding to a severe earthquake.  相似文献   

NH₄Cl水溶液的微观结构和宏观物性研究          下载免费PDF全文

张宇  李非  费莉婷  纪志永  赵颖颖  郭小甫  刘杰  王士钊  汪婧  毕京涛  张盼盼  张丁予  袁俊生 《盐湖研究》2022,30(4)

通过拉曼光谱、同步辐射X射线散射和密度泛函理论(DFT)模拟,研究了质量分数为1.0 %-28.0 %的NH₄Cl水溶液的微观结构变化。同时在室温下测量了粘度、接触角和电导率。由拉曼光谱和密度泛函理论模拟结果可知,当溶质浓度升高至10.0 %时,在2900 cm_-1^和3100 cm_-1^{附近出现了明显的}N-H作用峰,且随着质量分数的升高,NH₄Cl水溶液中的氢键类型发生了转变。X射线散射结果表明,当NH₄Cl水溶液质量分数升高至10.0 %时,差值对分布函数G(r)在2.98 ?附近出现明显双峰,表明在该浓度下溶液中NH₄₊^-Cl_-^{接触离子对开始成为主要微观作用形式。对}NH₄Cl水溶液的宏观物性研究表明,粘度、接触角和电导率均随着NH₄Cl水溶液质量分数的增加而增大。作者推断,NH₄Cl水溶液中氢键类型的转变、O-H...N键占比增多以及逐渐增加的NH₄₊^-Cl_-^{接触离子对},是粘度和接触角随溶质浓度增加而增加的微观本质因素;电导率的增加与溶液中有效导电离子数量增加有关。  相似文献