Geologic evolution of the westernmost part of the internal Betic zone (Betic Cordilleras,Southern Spain)     

Dr. Theodor Ernst Felder 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1980,69(1):131-148

The Serranía de Ronda (western Betic Cordilleras, S-Spain) is formed by different tectonic units of the Betic internal domain. Stratigraphic correlations of the Permo-Triassic and Triassic sedimentary sequences imply that one part of the Mesozoic carbonates of the Rondaides (Dorsale bétique), namely the Cabrilla unit (Dorsale interne), is shearedoff from the frontal part of the Malaguides, and another part (Nieves unit, Dorsale externe) forms the Mesozoic cover of the alpujarride Casares unit. The first alpine compressional phases took place in the Paleogene; post-metamorphic movements followed in the time between the Upper Aquitanian and the Upper Tortonian. From geometrical considerations it can be concluded that the Malaguides originated paleogeographically from a more internal region than the Alpujarrides.

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Zusammenfassung Am Aufbau der Serranía de Ronda (westliche Betische Kordilleren, S-Spanien) nehmen verschiedene Einheiten der betischen Intemzonen teil. Stratigraphische Vergleiche der permotriadischen und triadischen Sedimentserien erlauben den Schluß, daß die mesozoischen Karbonate der Rondaiden (Dorsale bétique) zu einem Teil (Cabrilla-Einheit, Dorsale interne) von der frontalen Partie der Malagiden abglitten und zum anderen Teil (Nieves-Einheit, Dorsale externe) das abgescherte Mesozoikum der alpujarriden Casares-Einheit bilden. Die ersten alpinen Kompressionsphasen sind im Paleogen anzusetzen, da für mesozoische Deckenbewegungen beweiskräftige Argumente fehlen. Zwischen Oberaquitanian und Obertortonian fanden post-metamorphe Überschiebungen statt. Aus geometrischen Gründen wird angenommen, daß die Malagiden paläogeographisch internerer Herkunft sein müssen als die benachbarten Alpujarriden.

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Resumen La Serranía de Ronda (Cordilleras béticas occidentales, Prov. Málaga) está formado por diferentes unidades del conjunto bético interno. Correlaciones estratigráficas del Permo-Triásico y del Triásico de los diferentes unidades permiten la conclusión que los Rondáides (Dorsal bética) está por una parte (unidad de Cabrilla, Dorsal interna) el revestimiento mesozóico de la parte frontal de los mantos maláguides, y por otra parte (unidad de las Nievas, Dorsal externa) la parte mesozóica de la unidad alpujárride de Casares. Las primeras fases alpinas de compresión deben ser situadas en el Paleógeno. Las traslaciones post-metamórficas de mantos son de edad aquitaniense superior hasta pre-tortoniense superior. Con argumentación geométrica se puede concluir que los Maláguides son de un orígen paleográfico más interno que los Alpujárrides.

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Stratigraphisch-fazielle Identifizierung von Sedimenten auf chemisch-geologischem Wege     

Dozent Dr. Werner Ernst 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1966,55(1):21-29

Zusammenfassung Die Bor-Gehalte des paralischen Oberkarbons sind vorwiegend von der ursprünglichen Salinität im Ablagerungsgebiet abhängig. Daneben scheint das Klima eine Auswirkung zu haben, die sich durch die Erhöhung der Bor-Gehalte vom Westfal B an und im Rotliegenden, Keuper und Tertiär bemerkbar macht.

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The boron contents of the paralic Upper Carboniferous depend principally on the original salinity in the area of sedimentation. Besides, the climate appears to have an effect that manifests itself by increase in the boron contents from the Westphalian B on and in the Rotliegendes, Keuper and tertiary.

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Résumé Les teneurs en bore du Carbonifère supérieur pralique dépendent avant tout de la salinité originale de la région de sédimentation. Par ailleurs, le climat paraît avoir eu une influence qui se traduit par un accroissement des teneurs en bore dans le Westphalien B, le Rotliegende, le Keuper et le Tertiaire.

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Das Sockelstockwerk in den Randzonen der Urkontinente     

Prof. Dr. Ernst H. Ackermann 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1965,54(2):796-812

The rocks of the cratonic foreland extend underneath many orogens, where they are subjected to “regeneration” during the geosynclinal phase and to superimposed structures during the folding of the orogen. Such structural and metamorphic alterations are now exposed in the “Sockelstockwerk” of certain orogenic belts in Africa, America, Australia and Europe. In this deep level, originally situated between the bottom of the geosyncline and the migmatite stockwerk, the following zones have been observed along the total length of the orogenic belt: border zone along the margin of the cratonic foreland: broad belt with superimposed structures of two (ore more) different orogenic deformations; main vergency fan, marking the central axis of the orogen. This fan often is a lineament with deep roots and a structure of continental importance.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse von Messungen über den Wärmehaushalt eines künstlich erwärmten Flusses     

Dr. Ernst Rudel 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1977,25(3):281-292

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A MEXICAN CORPORATE CAMPAIGN IN CONSERVATION     

Ernst Griffin  Howard W. Dennis 《The Professional geographer》1969,21(5):358-359

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Mapping the mesospheric CO₂ clouds on Mars: MEx/OMEGA and MEx/HRSC observations and challenges for atmospheric models     

A. Määttänen  F. Montmessin  F. Scholten  F. González-Galindo  A. Spiga  E. Hauber  J.-P. Bibring 《Icarus》2010,209(2):452-469

This study presents the latest results on the mesospheric CO₂ clouds in the martian atmosphere based on observations by OMEGA and HRSC onboard Mars Express. We have mapped the mesospheric CO₂ clouds during nearly three martian years of OMEGA data yielding a cloud dataset of ∼60 occurrences. The global mapping shows that the equatorial clouds are mainly observed in a distinct longitudinal corridor, at seasons L_s = 0-60° and again at and after L_s = 90°. A recent observation shows that the equatorial CO₂ cloud season may start as early as at L_s = 330°. Three cases of mesospheric midlatitude autumn clouds have been observed. Two cloud shadow observations enabled the mapping of the cloud optical depth (τ = 0.01-0.6 with median values of 0.13-0.2 at λ = 1 μm) and the effective radii (mainly 1-3 μm with median values of 2.0-2.3 μm) of the cloud crystals. The HRSC dataset of 28 high-altitude cloud observations shows that the observed clouds reside mainly in the altitude range ∼60-85 km and their east-west speeds range from 15 to 107 m/s. Two clouds at southern midlatitudes were observed at an altitude range of 53-62 km. The speed of one of these southern midlatitude clouds was measured, and it exhibited west-east oriented speeds between 5 and 42 m/s. The seasonal and geographical distribution as well as the observed altitudes are mostly in line with previous work. The LMD Mars Global Climate Model shows that at the cloud altitude range (65-85 km) the temperatures exhibit significant daily variability (caused by the thermal tides) with the coldest temperatures towards the end of the afternoon. The GCM predicts the coldest temperatures of this altitude range and the season L_s = 0-30° in the longitudinal corridor where most of the cloud observations have been made. However, the model does not predict supersaturation, but the GCM-predicted winds are in fair agreement with the HRSC-measured cloud speeds. The clouds exhibit variable morphologies, but mainly cirrus-type, filamented clouds are observed (nearly all HRSC observations and most of OMEGA observations). In ∼15% of OMEGA observations, clumpy, round cloud structures are observed, but very few clouds in the HRSC dataset show similar morphology. These observations of clumpy, cumuliform-type clouds raise questions on the possibility of mesospheric convection on Mars, and we discuss this hypothesis based on Convective Available Potential Energy calculations.  相似文献   

Homogeneous cosmological solutions of the Einstein equation     

Ernst Fischer 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,325(1):69-74

Homogeneous solutions in the framework of general relativity form the basis to understand the properties of gravitation on global scale. Presently favoured models describe the evolution of the universe by an expansion of space, governed by a scale function, which depends on a global time parameter. Dropping the restriction that a global time parameter exists, and instead assuming that the time scale depends on spatial distance, leads to static solutions, which exhibit no singularities, need no unobserved dark energy and which can explain the cosmological red shift without expansion. In contrast to the expanding world model energy is globally conserved. Observations of high energy emission and absorption from the intergalactic medium, which can scarcely be understood in the ‘concordance model’, find a natural explanation.  相似文献   

Precambrian Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) and their dyke swarms: New insights from high-precision geochronology integrated with paleomagnetism and geochemistry     

Richard Ernst 《Precambrian Research》2010

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Large igneous province of about 1750 Ma in the Siberian Craton     

D. P. Gladkochub  S. A. Pisarevsky  R. Ernst  T. V. Donskaya  U. Söderlund  A. M. Mazukabzov  J. Hanes 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,430(2):168-171

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Tertiary alkaline Roztoky Intrusive Complex, České středohoří Mts., Czech Republic: petrogenetic characteristics     

Roman Skála  Jaromír Ulrych  Lukáš Ackerman  Emil Jelínek  Jaroslav Dostál  Ernst Hegner  Zdeněk Řanda 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2014,103(5):1233-1262

The ?eské st?edoho?í Mts. is the dominant volcanic center of the Oh?e (Eger) rift zone. It hosts the Roztoky Intrusive Complex (RIC), which is made up of a caldera vent and intrusions of 33–28-Ma-old hypabyssal bodies of essexite–monzodiorite–sodalite syenite series accompanied by a radially oriented 30–25-Ma-old dike swarm comprising about 1,000 dikes. The hypabyssal rocks are mildly alkaline mostly foid-bearing types of mafic to intermediate compositions. The dike swarm consists of chemically mildly alkaline and rare strongly alkaline rocks (tinguaites). The geochemical signatures of the mildly alkaline hypabyssal and associated dike rocks of the RIC are consistent with HIMU mantle sources and contributions from lithospheric mantle. The compositional variations of essexite and monzodiorite can be best explained by fractional crystallization of parent magma without significant contributions of crustal material. On the other hand, the composition of monzosyenite, leuco-monzodiorite and sodalite syenite reflects fractional crystallization coupled with variable degrees of crustal assimilation. It is suggested that the parent magmas in the Oh?e rift were produced by an adiabatic decompression melting of ambient upper mantle in response to lithospheric extension associated with the Alpine Orogeny.  相似文献