Climate change and adaptation: an integrated framework linking social and physical aspects in poorly-gauged regions     

Sujata Manandhar  Vishnu Prasad Pandey  Futaba Kazama 《Climatic change》2013,120(4):727-739

Various frameworks related to climate change and adaptations that have been developed to date have notable benefits as well as significant limitations. It is not always practical to implement advanced climate change frameworks in situations with limited data availability. Social aspects, such as people’s experience and perception, are often under-prioritized. Therefore, this study introduces an integrated framework linking social and physical aspects of climate change to assess its impacts on water resources and to evaluate differing adaptation options in poorly gauged basins. A case study of the Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB) in western Nepal is presented to demonstrate the applicability of this framework. Results of the study show that people of the mountainous Mustang district in the KGRB have perceived climate change or climate variability, its impacts on water resources, as well as other water-related issues and potential adaptations or responses. Furthermore, evaluation of people’s perception using available physical data confirms the increase in temperature and average annual discharge in the Kali Gandaki River as well as poor water use, as a major problem at all levels in the basin. Despite increasing water availability, a concurrent increase in water use is difficult due to topographic constraints on irrigation development. However, the impacts of climate change are particularly severe in Mustang, owing to the fact that a large proportion of the population depends on a climate-sensitive livelihood like agriculture. Therefore, various adaptation options are identified in the agricultural sector, and one relevant option is further evaluated. The framework developed in this study has the potential to be further applied to other poorly gauged basins.  相似文献   

Photometric and polarimetric studies of three W UMa-type binaries: FZ Ori,V407 Peg and LP UMa     

Vinod Prasad  J. C. Pandey  M. K. Patel  D. C. Srivastava 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2014,353(2):575-594

We present analyses of new optical photometric observations of three W UMa-type contact binaries FZ Ori, V407 Peg and LP UMa. Results from the first polarimetric observations of the FZ Ori and V407 Peg are also presented. The periods of FZ Ori, V407 Peg and LP UMa are derived to be 0.399986, 0.636884 and 0.309898 d, respectively. The O?C analyses indicate that the orbital periods of FZ Ori and LP UMa have increased with the rate of 2.28×10^?8 and 1.25×10^?6 d?yr^?1, respectively and which is explained by transfer of mass between the components. In addition to the secularly increasing rate of orbital period, it was found that the period of FZ Ori has varied in sinusoidal way with oscillation period of ～30.1 yr. The period of oscillations are most likely to be explained by the light-time effect due to the presence of a tertiary companion. Small asymmetries have been seen around the primary and secondary maxima of light curves of all three systems, which is probably due to the presence of cool/hot spots on the components. The light curves of all three systems are analysed by using Wilson-Devinney code (WD) and the fundamental parameters of these systems have been derived. The present analyses show that FZ Ori is a W-subtype, and V407 Peg and LP UMa are A-subtype of the W UMa-type contact binary systems. The polarimetric observations in B, V, R and I bands, yield average values of polarization to be 0.26±0.03, 0.22±0.02, 0.22±0.03 and 0.22±0.05 per cent for FZ Ori and 0.21±0.02, 0.29±0.03, 0.31±0.01 and 0.31±0.04 per cent for V407 Peg, respectively.  相似文献   

The R Coronae Borealis stars: carbon abundances from forbidden carbon lines     

Gajendra Pandey  David L. Lambert  N. Kameswara Rao  Bengt Gustafsson  Nils Ryde  David Yong 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,353(1):143-152

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Self-similar model of magnetohydrodynamic radiative shock waves with increasing density     

S. N. Ojha  D. S. Pandey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1988,148(1):143-148

The magnetohydrodynamic model of shock waves has been discussed in an atmosphere with gravitation and radiation. The disturbance is headed by a strong shock of increasing density. The medium ahead of the shock is assumed to be inhomogeneous and at rest. Variation of magnetic field radiation flux, and other flow variables are given in tabular form.  相似文献   

On penetrative instabilities     

S. K. Pandey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1980,71(2):499-506

The investigation of instabilities in a penetrative atmosphere discussed in our earlier paper (Pandeyet al., 1979) is extended to include thermal dissipation in a more realistic approximation. It is shown that the convective modes are not very sensitive to the presence of an overlying stable layer. The overstabilization of gravity modes is, however, found to occur under very stringent conditions, while the acoustic overstability is enhanced by the presence of an overlying stable layer.  相似文献   

Self-similar magnetogasdynamic cylindrical shock waves,I     

J. B. Singh  S. K. Pandey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1988,146(1):71-78

Similarity solutions describing the flow of a perfect gas behind a cylindrical shock wave with transverse magnetic field are investigated in an inhomogeneous medium. The total energy of the shock wave is assumed to be constant. A comparative study has been made between the results with and without magnetic field.  相似文献   

General relativistic treatment of magnetofluid disk around compact objects     

U. S. Pandey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1988,141(2):251-256

Solutions of magnetofluid accretion disk with negligible self-gravitation have been obtained in the background of the Schwarzschild spacetime for differential as well as rigid rotation. The constraint equations for the magnetic field components have also been derived. It is shown that the magnetic field plays an important role in confining the fluid flow.  相似文献   

Correlation of Heat Flow and Crustal Topography in the Indian Region     

Janardan G. Negi  Om Prakash Pandey 《Geophysical Journal International》1976,45(2):201-217

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Some Bianchi Type I Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with a Variable Cosmological Constant     

Anirudh Pradhan  Purnima Pandey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,301(1-4):127-134

Some Bianchi type I viscous fluid cosmological models with a variable cosmological constant are investigated in which the expansion is considered only in two direction i.e. one of the Hubble parameter is zero. The viscosity coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density whereas the coefficient of shear viscosity is considered as constant in first case whereas in other case it is taken as proportional to scale of expansion in the model. The cosmological constant Λ is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of time which is supported by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.  相似文献   

Detection and extraction of signals from the epoch of reionization using higher-order one-point statistics     

Geraint J. A. Harker  Saleem Zaroubi  Rajat M. Thomas  Vibor Jeli&#;  Panagiotis Labropoulos  Garrelt Mellema  Ilian T. Iliev  Gianni Bernardi  Michiel A. Brentjens  A. G. de Bruyn  Benedetta Ciardi  Leon V. E. Koopmans  V. N. Pandey  reas H. Pawlik  Joop Schaye  Sarod Yatawatta 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(4):1449-1458

Detecting redshifted 21-cm emission from neutral hydrogen in the early Universe promises to give direct constraints on the epoch of reionization (EoR). It will, though, be very challenging to extract the cosmological signal (CS) from foregrounds and noise which are orders of magnitude larger. Fortunately, the signal has some characteristics which differentiate it from the foregrounds and noise, and we suggest that using the correct statistics may tease out signatures of reionization. We generate mock data cubes simulating the output of the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) EoR experiment. These cubes combine realistic models for Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds and the noise with three different simulations of the CS. We fit out the foregrounds, which are smooth in the frequency direction, to produce residual images in each frequency band. We denoise these images and study the skewness of the one-point distribution in the images as a function of frequency. We find that, under sufficiently optimistic assumptions, we can recover the main features of the redshift evolution of the skewness in the 21-cm signal. We argue that some of these features – such as a dip at the onset of reionization, followed by a rise towards its later stages – may be generic, and give us a promising route to a statistical detection of reionization.  相似文献