Statistical representation of generalized distribution data for float-sink coal-cleaning devices: Baum jigs,Batac jigs,Dynawhirlpools     

Nancy E. Fallon  Byron S. Gottfried 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1985,15(3):231-236

In an earlier paper (1978), Gottfried presented a method for combining distribution data for float-sink coal-cleaning devices into a single generalized distribution curve which, for a given device and feed size, is independent of specific gravity of separation. A non-linear, exponential-type equation was utilized to represent the generalized distribution curve, along with the corresponding generalized probable error. Distribution data for six common coal-cleaning devices have previously been treated by this method.This paper is an extension of two previous studies (Gottfried, 1978, 1980). The method described above is applied to three different float-sink coal-cleaning devices: Baum jig (replacing previously reported results), Batac jig and Dynawhirlpool separator. Results for the Baum jig and Batac jig reflect a two-stage separation process, with a set of generalized distribution curves obtained for each stage and another set for the overall separation. Several different feed size fractions are given for each vessel.  相似文献   

Isotopenvariationen des Stickstoffs humoser und bituminöser natürlicher organischer Substanzen     

Gottfried Stiehl  Martina Lehmann 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1980,44(11):1737-1746

gd¹⁵N-values and nitrogen contents of a series of humic and bituminous organic sediments of different ranks were determined. The change of the isotopic abundance of nitrogen was investigated during heating in model experiments, using a gas flame coal.In the case of humic carbon coals the relative nitrogen contents vary from 0.8 to 1.4% and the δ¹⁵N-values from +3.5 to +6.3%. increasing from the brown coal to anthracite ranks. During the coalification process both the δ¹⁵N-values and the relative nitrogen contents do not vary continuously with the rank, but pass through maxima and minima. Model experiments using a gas flame coal show the same trend. Nitrogen with δ¹⁵N-values of +2.8 or ?7%. was released in pyrolysis experiments, applying a gas flame coal and a steam coal at temperatures of 650 and 1000°C, respectively.The investigated bitmuinous sediments yielded relative amounts of 0.1 to 0.8% with δ¹⁵N-values of + 4.2 to + 10.7%.The obtained results are discussed with respect to the elucidation of nitrogen genesis in natural gas deposits.  相似文献   

Schollen und Schollenränder im Saarkarbon     

Dr. Gottfried Kneuper 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1960,50(1):442-449

Zusammenfassung Im bergbaulich erschlossenen Gebiet mit seinen guten Untertageaufschlüssen können verschiedene tektonische Baustile beobachtet werden, welche eine Gliederung in große Schollen zulassen. In den aufschlußärmeren Gebieten sind die Schollenränder nur mit Vorsicht festgelegt. Die Kennzeichen des Baustiles von der Scholle des Saarbrücker Hauptsattels werden jenen von den Nachbargebieten gegenübergestellt.  相似文献   

LIBS analysis of geomaterials: Geochemical fingerprinting for the rapid analysis and discrimination of minerals     

Russell S. Harmon  Jeremiah Remus  Nancy J. McMillan  Catherine McManus  Leslie Collins  Jennifer L. Gottfried Jr.  Frank C. DeLucia  Andrzej W. Miziolek 《Applied Geochemistry》2009

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple atomic emission spectroscopy technique capable of real-time, essentially non-destructive determination of the elemental composition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas). LIBS, which is presently undergoing rapid research and development as a technology for geochemical analysis, has attractive potential as a field tool for rapid man-portable and/or stand-off chemical analysis. In LIBS, a pulsed laser beam is focused such that energy absorption produces a high-temperature microplasma at the sample surface resulting in the dissociation and ionization of small amounts of material, with both continuum and atomic/ionic emission generated by the plasma during cooling. A broadband spectrometer-detector is used to spectrally and temporally resolve the light from the plasma and record the intensity of elemental emission lines. Because the technique is simultaneously sensitive to all elements, a single laser shot can be used to track the spectral intensity of specific elements or record the broadband LIBS emission spectra, which are unique chemical ‘fingerprints’ of a material. In this study, a broad spectrum of geological materials was analyzed using a commercial bench-top LIBS system with broadband detection from ∼200 to 965 nm, with multiple single-shot spectra acquired. The subsequent use of statistical signal processing approaches to rapidly identify and classify samples highlights the potential of LIBS for ‘geochemical fingerprinting’ in a variety of geochemical, mineralogical, and environmental applications that would benefit from either real-time or in-field chemical analysis.  相似文献   

Seismic source zone characterization for the seismic hazard assessment project PEGASOS by the Expert Group 2 (EG1b)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Martin Burkhard  Gottfried Grünthal 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2009,102(1):149-188

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Reply to comment by Günter Leydecker on “The European–Mediterranean Earthquake Catalogue (EMEC) for the last millennium”     

Gottfried Grünthal  Rutger Wahlström 《Journal of Seismology》2014,18(1):199-201

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Professor Richard Kolkwitz     

Gottfried Huber-Pestalozzi 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1956,18(2):245-253

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Earthquake early warning for transport lines     

Désirée Hilbring  Tanja Titzschkau  Alfons Buchmann  Gottfried Bonn  Friedemann Wenzel  Eberhard Hohnecker 《Natural Hazards》2014,70(3):1795-1825

This paper analyzes the potential of earthquake early-warning systems for transport lines. The interdisciplinary work focuses on rapidly producing an alert map during an ongoing earthquake as well as providing a damage map immediately after the strong-motion phase that visualizes potential damages to the railway infrastructure. In order to meet these application requirements, a service-oriented architecture based on geospatial standards is specified. This ensures the portability of the system architecture to different geographic regions as well as a potential transfer to other natural disasters and infrastructure systems. The first part of the paper describes the standard-based services of the system architecture together with design principles that are useful for the realization of early-warning systems. In the second part of the paper, an online demonstrator for the exemplary test area in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is presented. The system architecture of the demonstrator includes an earthquake early-warning methodology based on artificial neural networks and an infrastructure-specific damage assessment. The third part of the paper analyzes the potential of implementing low-cost sensors in the track, which would provide a dense network directly at the railway infrastructure.  相似文献