3D Coronal Structures and Magnetic Field During the Total Solar Eclipse of 29 March 2006     

P. Ambrož  M. Druckmüller  A. A. Galal  R. H. Hamid 《Solar physics》2009,258(2):243-265

The good quality of the observing sequence of about 60 photographs of the white-light corona taken during the total solar eclipse observations on 29 March 2006, in Al Sallum, Egypt, enable us to use a new method of image processing for enhancement of the fine structure of coronal phenomena. We present selected magnetic-field lines derived for different parameters of the extrapolation model. The coincidence of the observed coronal white-light fine structures and the computed field-line positions provides a 3D causal relationship between coronal structures and the coronal magnetic field.  相似文献   

Site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for northern part of the Qeshm Island,Iran     

Ali Kavand  Hamid Alielahi 《Natural Hazards》2017,88(2):919-946

This paper presents results of a site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for northern part of the Qeshm Island, one the most seismic prone areas of Iran. Seismotectonic and seismicity properties of seismic sources in the study area were characterized and used for evaluation of various strong ground motion parameters implementing the classical Cornell’s PSHA approach. The results show that peak rock accelerations for 475-year return period are 0.4 and 0.27 g, respectively, for 84th and 50th percentiles while being about 0.37 and 0.61 g for 2475-year return period. These values are slightly smaller than those read from national seismic zonation maps which can be attributed to the considered conservatism for development of such design maps. In order to incorporate local site conditions, a series of dynamic site response analyses based on the equivalent linear approach were also employed. The results indicate that the presence of soft subsurface deposits at the site significantly alters the fundamental characteristics of the response spectra. The obtained median (50th percentile) peak ground accelerations for 975-year return period range between 0.49 and 0.54 g at different locations in the study site showing minor amplifications relative to their corresponding bedrock acceleration of 0.48 g. Finally, the obtained site-specific spectrum was compared with the standard spectrum mandated by the design codes. In this regard, the agreement was found to be reasonable at period ranges shorter than about 0.5 s, while the differences were more obvious at longer periods. This reveals the need for implementation of site-specific design spectrum to avoid underestimation or overestimation of seismic forces for designing critically important structures especially when softer deposits are encountered.  相似文献   

咸水灌溉对沙漠中罗布麻适应性的调控     

韩炜  曹玲  海米提·依米提  徐新文 《中国沙漠》2012,32(3):756-762

 通过模拟测定不同矿化度咸水灌溉下红花罗布麻（Apocynum venetum）幼苗叶绿素荧光参数、叶水势和株高生长速率,研究了不同矿化度咸水灌溉对其适应性的调控。研究结果表明,随着灌水矿化度的增加,叶片样本的叶绿素含量呈先下降再升高的波动状态,叶水势基本保持稳定;光能的吸收、分配和耗散在10 g·L-1达到平衡,株高生长速率在10 g·L-1出现最大值9.8 mm·d-1;随着胁迫时间的延长,表征健康程度的最大量子产率Fv/Fm下降,对溶液中金属离子的吸收增加;第21天,表征抗逆性大小的非光化学淬灭系数NPQ出现极大值,吸收能量比例参数Y(Ⅱ)先下降再恢复,3种能量吸收、分配、耗散参数比例在10 g·L-1稳定于Y(Ⅱ):Y(NO):Y(NPQ)=65%∶20%∶15%。根据研究结果,建议在塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘红花罗布麻的育苗过程中,应该分阶段抚育,幼苗期宜采用5~10 g·L-1矿化度的咸水灌溉,保持较高叶水势,可以防止叶绿素分解;采用10 g·L-1的咸水灌溉可使其幼苗保持稳定的、较高的光化学能量转化比例,能够较好地调控其对塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘绿洲荒漠过渡带生境的适应性,有助于过渡带的恢复和建设。  相似文献   

Flooding and its relationship with land cover change,population growth,and road density     

Mahfuzur Rahman  Chen Ningsheng  Golam Iftekhar Mahmud  Md Monirul Islam  Hamid Reza Pourghasemi  Hilal Ahmad  Jules Maurice Habumugisha  Rana Muhammad Ali Washakh  Mehtab Alam  Enlong Liu  Zheng Han  Huayong Ni  Tian Shufeng  Ashraf Dewan 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):16-35

Bangladesh experiences frequent hydro-climatic disasters such as flooding.These disasters are believed to be associated with land use changes and climate variability.However,identifying the factors that lead to flooding is challenging.This study mapped flood susceptibility in the northeast region of Bangladesh using Bayesian regularization back propagation(BRBP)neural network,classification and regression trees(CART),a statistical model(STM)using the evidence belief function(EBF),and their ensemble models(EMs)for three time periods(2000,2014,and 2017).The accuracy of machine learning algorithms(MLAs),STM,and EMs were assessed by considering the area under the curve-receiver operating char-acteristic(AUC-ROC).Evaluation of the accuracy levels of the aforementioned algorithms revealed that EM4(BRBP-CART-EBF)outperformed(AUC＞90％)standalone and other ensemble models for the three time periods analyzed.Furthermore,this study investigated the relationships among land cover change(LCC),population growth(PG),road density(RD),and relative change of flooding(RCF)areas for the per-iod between 2000 and 2017.The results showed that areas with very high susceptibility to flooding increased by 19.72％between 2000 and 2017,while the PG rate increased by 51.68％over the same period.The Pearson correlation coefficient for RCF and RD was calculated to be 0.496.These findings highlight the significant association between floods and causative factors.The study findings could be valuable to policymakers and resource managers as they can lead to improvements in flood management and reduction in flood damage and risks.  相似文献   

Landslides in the Dinarides and Pannonian Basin—from the largest historical and recent landslides in Croatia to catastrophic landslides caused by Cyclone Tamara (2014) in Bosnia and Herzegovina     

Snježana Mihalić Arbanas  Marin Sečanj  Sanja Bernat Gazibara  Martin Krkač  Hamid Begić  Amer Džindo  Sabid Zekan  Željko Arbanas 《Landslides》2017,14(6):1861-1876

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Wetland cover change detection using multi-temporal remotely sensed data     

Saeed Ojaghi  Farshid Farnood Ahmadi  Hamid Ebadi  Raechel Bianchetti 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(21):470

Lake Urmia, located in northwest Iran, contains a number of wetlands significantly affecting the environmental, social, and economic conditions of the region. The ecological condition of Lake Urmia has degraded during the past decade, due to climate change, human activities, and unsustainable management. The poor condition of the lake has also affected the surrounding wetlands. This study analyzes the land cover change of one of the wetlands in the southern part of Lake Urmia, known as Ghara-Gheshlagh wetland, in the period 1989–2015 using post-classification change detection and machine learning image classification. For this analysis, three Landsat images, acquired in 1989 (TM), 2001 (TM), and 2015 (Landsat-8), were used for the classification and change detection. Support vector machine learning algorithm, a supervised learning method, is employed, and images are classified into four main land cover classes namely “water,” ”barren,” “salty land,” and “agriculture and grassland.” Change detection was carried out for pairs of years 1989 to 2001 and 2001 until 2015. The results of this classification show that there is a sharp increase in the area of salt-saturated land as well as a decrease in the area of water resources. Overall classification accuracy obtained were high for the individual years: 1989 (91.48%), 2001 (90.63%), and 2015 (88.6%). Also, the Kappa coefficients for individual maps were high: 1989 (0.89), 2001 (0.8742), and 2015 (0.84). After that, the land cover change map of the study area is obtained between 1989 to 2001 and then 2001 to 2015. The results of this analysis suggest that more efforts should be taken to effectively manage water resources in the region and point to potential locations for focused management actions within the wetland area.  相似文献   

Early Cretaceous <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neotrocholina</Emphasis> Reichel, 1956 from the Tirgan Formation,Kopet Dagh sedimentary basin,NE Iran: systematic and biometric interpretation     

Masoumeh Molaei  Seyed Hamid Vaziri  Morteza Taherpour-Khalil-Abad  Jafar Taheri 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(14):317

Neotrocholina Reichel, 1956 is one of the most important benthic foraminifera in Early Cretaceous. Some of the species of this genus are indexes in biostratigraphy especially for this interval (e.g., Neotrocholina friburgensis: Late Barremian–Early Aptian; Neotrocholina aptiensis: Early Aptian). In order to conduct accurate paleontological investigations, sampling from the carbonate units of the Tirgan Formation in Kopet Dagh sedimentary basin is done. According to the occurrence level in the studied stratigraphic sections as well as biometric interpretations, two species of this genus (N. friburgensis and Neotrocholina valdensis) are pointed out.  相似文献