Geochemical and stable isotopic variability within two rivers rising under the same mountain,but belonging to two distant watersheds     

Stanislav Frančišković-Bilinski  Vlado Cuculić  Halka Bilinski  Hermann Häusler  Philipp Stadler 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2013

Complementary geochemical and stable isotope investigations of the Gorski Kotar karst aquifer system in western Croatia were obtained for the first time, to answer the question whether both studied rivers drain the same aquifer system or not. The two main rivers, the Kupa and the Rje?ina, rise under the same mountain range, but belong to two different watersheds (Black Sea and Adriatic Sea). The karst aquifer of Gorski Kotar is a potentially important source of drinking water for two neighboring countries, Croatia and Slovenia (Central and South Europe), and is strongly influenced by both Mediterranean and continental weather conditions. It is a part of the Dinaric karst, which is “locus typicus” for karst worldwide and one of the most typical karst areas in the world.  相似文献   

The earliest occurrence of peltasperms in the basal Permian strata of the North China Block and the radiation of this group     

Jun Wang  Hans Kerp  Hermann W. Pfefferkorn 《Geological Journal》2014,49(2):129-142

The peltasperm foliage Autunia naumannii (Gutbier) Kerp and possible peltasperm fructifications are for the first time described from the uppermost Taiyuan Formation of earliest Permian age near Wuda, Inner Mongolia. This is the oldest record of this group on the North China Block (Sino‐Korean Platform), indicating an early migration into this area. Data of other occurrences in China demonstrate independent radiations of the group in Cathaysia. All known records indicate that peltasperms probably originated in the tropical extrabasinal areas of Euramerica, and subsequently migrated within the tropical belt and experienced independent regional radiations in Europe, the southwestern United States and on the North China Block. The present discovery of Autunia naumannii (Gutbier) Kerp in China adds a common floral component between the Euramerican and Cathaysian floras, providing more evidence indicating mutual migration of floral elements between Cathaysia and Euramerica. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Increased precipitation during the Little Ice Age in northern Taiwan inferred from diatoms and geochemistry in a sediment core from a subalpine lake   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Liang-Chi Wang  Hermann Behling  Teh-Quei Lee  Hong-Chun Li  Chih-An Huh  Liang-Jian Shiau  Su-Hwa Chen  Jiunn-Tzong Wu 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,49(4):619-631

We studied diatoms in a 55.5-cm-long sediment core from a subalpine lake in northern Taiwan, Tsuifong Lake (TFL), to investigate environmental changes from AD 490 to present. Diatom assemblages of the last century were dominated by acidophilous species, whereas alkaliphilous taxa dominated the record between AD 1480 and 1910. Over the studied time frame, four decadal periods with high precipitation were inferred from evidence of elevated soil input from the watershed, supported by the stable isotope signatures (δ¹⁵N, δ¹³C) of organic matter and magnetic susceptibility of the sediments. We compared the inferred changes in pH of TFL to values obtained from three other Taiwanese subalpine lakes. The present study revealed that elevated precipitation was associated with increased solar irradiance over the last five centuries, with a stable dry period between AD 490 and 1450. Acidification of TFL in the last ~100 years was a consequence of deforestation and acid rain.  相似文献   

Land subsidence pattern controlled by old alpine basement faults in the Kashmar Valley, northeast Iran: results from InSAR and levelling     

Jan Anderssohn  Hans-Ulrich Wetzel  Thomas R. Walter  Mahdi Motagh  Yahya Djamour  Hermann Kaufmann 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,174(1):287-294

Fluid storage systems, such as oil, gas, magma or water reservoirs, are often controlled by the host rock structure and faulted terrain. In sedimentary basins, where no direct information about underlying structure is available, the pattern of ground deformation may allow us to assess the buried fault arrangement. We provide an example in the semi-arid area of Iran, in the Kashmar Valley, a region subject to land subsidence due to water overexploitation. Geodetically determined subsidence rates in the Kashmar Valley exceed 15–30 cm yr⁻¹. The pattern of surface deformation is strongly non-uniform and displays NE–SW elongated bowls of subsidence. The trend resembles old Cretaceous-to-Tertiary faults that evolved during early alpine tectonic deformation. Although these early alpine structures are considered tectonically inactive in the present day, the observed land subsidence pattern indicates significant structural control on the geometry of the aquifer basin and its deformation during reservoir drainage.  相似文献   

Soil and plant composition in the Noun river catchment basin,Western Cameroon: a contribution to the development of a biogeochemical baseline   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Clémentine Njofang  Jörg Matschullat  Akoa Amougou  Jean Pierre Tchouankoué  Hermann Heilmeier 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(7):1427-1436

Soils and selected edible plants of the Noun river catchment basin of western Cameroon were sampled to investigate the distribution of trace elements, based on the preliminary idea of unusual anomalies. Analytical techniques for trace elements included ICP-AES, GF-AAS, and ICP-MS. Further soil analyses comprised the mineralogy and contents of the biogenic elements carbon, nitrogen and sulphur (CNS). The trace element concentrations in the soils reflect those of the lithogeochemical background of the pluto-volcanic rocks of the region. This is consistent with the results from the mineralogical analyses and physicochemical parameters such as pH, taken in the field, which also do not suggest any geochemical anomaly. Most trace elements analyzed in the plants showed concentrations that reflect those of the soils (Al, Fe, Ti, and Rb). However, some trace elements were enriched in the plants as compared to the soils, such as Zn, Cu, Cd, Mo (excluding yam), Ni (peanut), Ba (peanut), Sr (peanut, bean), and B. Trace elements such as As, Cr, V, and Se were not bioavailable for all the analyzed plants. Besides, trace elements such as Cu, Zn, Mo, Fe, Al, Ni, B, Ti, Rb, Cs, and Ba were in the range of phytotoxicity and reached or exceeded human food tolerance level (Cu). The plants with seeds showed a higher absorption of trace elements compared to plants with tubercles.  相似文献   

Introduction to “Tsunami Science: Ten Years After the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Volume I”     

Alexander B. Rabinovich  Eric L. Geist  Hermann M. Fritz  Jose C. Borrero 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(3-4):615-619

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Field Survey of the 1945 Makran and 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunamis in Baluchistan,Iran     

Emile A. Okal  Hermann M. Fritz  Mohammad Ali Hamzeh  Javad Ghasemzadeh 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(12):3343-3356

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P. S. Liss, R. A. Duce (eds.): The Sea Surface and Global Change     

Hermann Bange 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,30(2):311-312

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Magmatism-related localized deformation in the mantle: a case study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gy?rgy?Falus  Martyn?R.?Drury  Hermann?L.?M.?van?Roermund  Csaba?SzabóEmail author 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2004,146(4):493-505

A deformed composite peridotite-pyroxenite xenolith in Pliocene alkali basalts from the Pannonian Basin (Szentbékkálla, Bakony—Balaton Highland Volcanic Field) has been studied in detail. A narrow shear zone of intense deformation marked by porphyroclast elongation and recrystallization runs along the peridotite-pyroxenite contact. The xenolith contains a large volume of euhedral olivine neoblasts and tablet grains of olivine away from the shear zone interpreted as products of annealing and recrystallization in the presence of grain boundary fluid. Estimates of the time required for growth of recrystallized olivine grains suggest that the annealing took place in situ in the mantle and not during transport of the xenolith in the basalt magma. The grain boundary fluid present during recrystallization was a vapor rich silicate-melt different from the host basaltic melt that entrained the xenolith. This study demonstrates that high-stress deformation zones and associated fluid-assisted recrystallization, which are common features in kimberlite mantle xenoliths, also occur in some mantle xenoliths from alkali basalts. The suggested high-stress deformation zones in the mantle beneath the Pannonian Basin may be produced by paleoseismic events in the lithosphere associated with faulting related to the ascent of basalt magma.Editorial responsibility: J. Hoefs

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Csaba SzabóEmail: Phone: +36-1-2090555Fax: +36-1-3812108

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Die Grundlagen der Deckenhypothese im südlichen Hunsrück     

Hans Cloos  Hermann Scholtz 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1930,21(5):289-293

Zusammenfassung Eine neue Kartierung der Mitteldevoninsel von Stromberg im südlichen Hunsrück ließ die Frage offen, ob sie ein Fenster in einer Decke sei oder das Ergebnis ortständiger Zusammenfaltung. Dagegen führte die Aufsuchung und Messung von Faltenachsen zu eindeutigen Ergebnissen. Die Achsen fallen allerseits gegen und unter das Gebiet jüngerer Gesteine und schließen also ein Fenster und einen Deckenbau an dieser Stelle aus. Andere Tatsachen, die eine solche Annahme notwendig machten, sind nicht bekannt. Der Bau des Gebietes läßt eine einfachere Deutung aus den örtlichen Verhältnissen zu.Beobachtungen und Folgerungen vonCloos undScholtz, Text vonCloos.  相似文献