全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2501篇 |
免费 | 419篇 |
国内免费 | 619篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 124篇 |
大气科学 | 436篇 |
地球物理 | 704篇 |
地质学 | 1215篇 |
海洋学 | 387篇 |
天文学 | 148篇 |
综合类 | 255篇 |
自然地理 | 270篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 13篇 |
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 118篇 |
2021年 | 144篇 |
2020年 | 116篇 |
2019年 | 127篇 |
2018年 | 132篇 |
2017年 | 138篇 |
2016年 | 165篇 |
2015年 | 117篇 |
2014年 | 184篇 |
2013年 | 139篇 |
2012年 | 161篇 |
2011年 | 172篇 |
2010年 | 154篇 |
2009年 | 134篇 |
2008年 | 106篇 |
2007年 | 101篇 |
2006年 | 89篇 |
2005年 | 102篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 79篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 76篇 |
1999年 | 107篇 |
1998年 | 78篇 |
1997年 | 76篇 |
1996年 | 74篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 46篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 48篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 48篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
1942年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3539条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
AbstractHeadcut erosion has been recognized as one of the main processes involved in gully development in the dry-hot valley region of southwest China. To examine the effect of initial step height on headcut erosion processes, three headcuts were constructed ranging in height from 0.75 to 1.25 m on an active bank gully head, and a series of scouring experiments were conducted under a flow discharge of 120 L min?1. The morphological evolutions of the plunge pools and soil loss volume were estimated by three-dimensional photo-reconstruction methods (3D-PR). As the step height increased, the experimental results showed that: (1) the transformed potential energy and shear stress would increase by approximately 4.89 J s?1 and 26.4 Pa on average when the step height increased 0.25 m; (2) the mean depth and width of the plunge pool exhibited obvious growth, and the morphology of the cross-section developed from approximately V-shaped to U-shaped; and (3) soil loss volume increased logarithmically, with total soil loss volumes of 0.076, 0.105 and 0.116 m3, respectively. Although the significant effects of the initial step height on headcut erosion were verified, further quantitative studies are required to quantify the mechanism of headcut erosion, especially for plunge pool erosion. 相似文献
102.
This paper considers the optimal trajectory tracking control problem for near-surface autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the presence of wave disturbances. An approximate optimal tracking control (AOTC) approach is proposed. Firstly, a six-degrees-of-freedom (six-DOF) AUV model with its body-fixed coordinate system is decoupled and simplified and then a nonlinear control model of AUVs in the vertical plane is given. Also, an exosystem model of wave disturbances is constructed based on Hirom approximation formula. Secondly, the time-parameterized desired trajectory which is tracked by the AUV’s system is represented by the exosystem. Then, the coupled two-point boundary value (TPBV) problem of optimal tracking control for AUVs is derived from the theory of quadratic optimal control. By using a recently developed successive approximation approach to construct sequences, the coupled TPBV problem is transformed into a problem of solving two decoupled linear differential sequences of state vectors and adjoint vectors. By iteratively solving the two equation sequences, the AOTC law is obtained, which consists of a nonlinear optimal feedback item, an expected output tracking item, a feedforward disturbances rejection item, and a nonlinear compensatory term. Furthermore, a wave disturbances observer model is designed in order to solve the physically realizable problem. Simulation is carried out by using the Remote Environmental Unit (REMUS) AUV model to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
103.
Xianyu Kong Xiurong Han Min Gao Rongguo Su Ke Wang Xuzhao Li Wei Lu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(6):1014-1020
With the global ban on the application of organotin-based marine coatings by the International Maritime Organization, the development of environmentally friendly, low-toxic and nontoxic antifouling compounds for marine industries has become an urgent need. Marine microorganisms have been considered as a potential source of natural antifoulants. In this study, the antifouling potential of marine dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae, the toxic and red-tide microalgae, was investigated. We performed a series of operations to extract the bioactive substances from Amphidinium carterae and tested their antialgal and antilarval activities. The crude extract of Amphidinium carterae showed significant antialgal activity and the EC50 value against Skeletonema costatum was 55.4 μg mL?1. After purification, the isolated bioactive substances (the organic extract C) exhibited much higher antialgal and antilarval activities with EC50 of 12.9 μg mL?1 against Skeletonema costatum and LC50 of 15.1 μg mL?1 against Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae. Subsequently, IR, Q-TOFMS, and GC-MS were utilized for the structural elucidation of the bioactive compounds, and a series of unsaturated and saturated 16- to 22-carbon fatty acids were detected. The data suggested the bioactive compounds isolated from Amphidinium carterae exhibited a significant inhibiting effect against the diatom Skeletonema costatum and Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae, and could be substitutes for persistent, toxic antifouling compounds. 相似文献
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
Jingbo Su Jianfeng Li Ruihu Zhu Wanggen Qin Qiu Zhai 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(7):689-702
To assess the impact of pile driving on adjacent submarine pipelines during the reconstruction of a pier berth, the local damage model of submarine pipelines is established to explore the safety thresholds of the particle peak velocity and horizontal displacement. The results are analyzed and adjusted by the existing standards and the corresponding literatures. Then, a three-dimensional numerical model is presented to assess the feasibility of the construction of piles by the obtained safety limits, in which the nonlinear behavior of the soil and stress–seepage coupling analysis are considered. After the construction, the safety of submarine pipelines is rechecked by the measured value of the particle peak velocity and horizontal displacement. Meanwhile, the propagation law of vibration, the horizontal displacement of underground soil, and the pore pressure during pile driving are explored. The results indicate that the construction of piles of 2# mooring pier did not cause damage to adjacent submarine pipelines. However, the construction of piles of 1# mooring pier which is nearer may cause damage to submarine pipelines. 相似文献
110.
大兴安岭十八站—韩家园地区发育晚中生代基性-中酸性火山岩。选取粗面安山岩、粗面岩、流纹岩进行年代学和岩石地球化学研究。粗面安山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为125.2±0.9 Ma,为早白垩世火山作用的产物。岩石地球化学特征表明,中酸性火山岩属于高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列。岩石稀土元素总量∑REE=121.42×10~(-6)~154.43×10~(-6),轻、重稀土元素分异明显(La/Yb)_N=19.25~31.98,在稀土元素配分图上显示右倾型,除一个流纹岩样品具显著负Eu异常外,多数样品无明显Eu负异常(δEu=0.45~0.90)。岩石具弱富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr,明显亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti的特征。结合区域资料,认为十八站—韩家园地区早白垩世中酸性火山岩形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合机制下后碰撞伸展背景。粗面安山岩、粗面岩和流纹岩系同源岩浆部分熔融与结晶分异作用的结果,岩浆来源于受俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔。 相似文献