A method of measuring the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of rocks     

Marcela Laštovičková  Jiří Popule  Reviewer J. Buben 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1974,18(4):370-380

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Integrating Meteosat satellite and rain-gauge information to estimate rainfall patterns     

P. La Barbera  S. Lo Casto  R. Minciardi  M. Paolucci 《Surveys in Geophysics》1995,16(2):183-199

This paper presents the development and the application of techniques for the integration of information coming from Meteosat satellite images and rain-gauge measurements, with the purpose of estimating the rainfall pattern on a certain river basin. The proposed integration techniques are based on the definition of a data coherence problem and on the application of mathematical programming methods. The quality of the estimation procedure is evaluated by using a rainfall/runoff model for the basin which allows the generation of a hydrograph at a given section of the river, on the basis of the above estimated rainfall pattern in the upstream watershed. The comparison of the hydrograph with the observed one allows the parametric tuning of the integration procedure.  相似文献   

Laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity of biotites     

Marcela Laštovičková 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1991,35(2):125-129

Summary For the sake of helping to clarify the anisotropic behaviour of KTB borehole rock samples, AC (10³ Hz) and DC electrical conductivities of powdered biotites and flogopites (sheet silicates) were investigated in various atmospheres (air, argon) at temperatures of 20–1200°C.Contribution No. 106/90, Geophysical Institute, Czechosl. Acad. Sci., Prague.  相似文献   

Long-period fluctuations in ionospheric absorption and their relation with planetary activity in the stratosphere     

D. Pancheva  G. Nestorov  B. De la Morena  Josef Boška  Reviewer J. Laštovička 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1989,33(1):81-96

Summary By investigating the quasi-regular variations in ionospheric absorption along three distant radio paths with approximately one and the same equivalent frequency during the winters 1983/84 and 1984/85, an attempt is made to study the stratospheric-mesospheric relations at typical geographic mid latitudes. It is shown that the quasi-regular oscillations of ionospheric absorption, investigated in this paper, reach maximum development in each time series at one and the same time. This means, that if they are provoked by an external source when it starts acting, a spectrum of frequencies is generated rather than a definite fixed frequency. By studying the variation of the instantaneous amplitudes of the quasi-regular oscillations in ionospheric absorption with time, their connection with the amplification of the quasi-stationary planetary waves in the stratosphere with a zonal wave number 2 during the winter periods under investigation is shown.

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Резюме Иссле?rt;овaнuем квaзuре улярных вaрuaцuŭ в uоносферном nо лощенuu в mрех nросmрaнсmвенно оm?rt;aленных рa?rt;uо-mрaссaх с nрuблuзumельно о?rt;ноŭ u mоŭ же эквuвaленmноŭ чaсmовоŭ зuмоŭ 1983/84 u 1984/85 . ?rt;елaеmся nоnыmкa uзучumь сmрamосферно-мезос ферные связu в munuчных сре?rt;ных щuроmaх. Покaзaно, чmо рaссмоmренные в рaбоmе квaзuре улярные колебaнuя в uоносферном nо лощенuu ?rt;осmu aюm мaксuмaльно о рaзвumuя в кaж?rt;ом временном ря?rt;у в о?rt;но u mо же время. Эmо ознaчaеm, чmо, еслu онu возбуж?rt;ены внещнuм uсmочнuком, mо nрu е о включенuu енерuруюmся не о?rt;нa чaсmоma, a целыŭ сnекmр чaсmоm. Изученuем временных uзмененuŭ м новенных aмnлumу?rt; квaзuре улярных колебaнuŭ в uоносфермон nо лощенuu зa uссле?rt;овaнные зuмнuе nерuо?rt;ы nокaзaнa uх связь с квaзu-сmaцuонaрнымu nлaнеmaрнымu колебaнuямu в сmрamосфере с зонaльным волновымu чuслом 2.

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A general framework for assessing potential seismic risk in geotechnical projects     

Fernando Paz 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1989,7(1):53-58

Summary In this paper a general framework is discussed for assessing the seismicity and the seismic risk using a couple-information model. A deterministic model is used to define the different types of information that can represent the input variables of the model; that is, constants, random, fuzzy, linguistic, hybrid and chaotic variables. Other types of models are also discussed having information similar to the input variables, and a way is presented to implement them for assessing risk.  相似文献   

The kinematics and pattern of escarpment retreat across the rifted continental margin of SE Australia   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Michele A. Seidl  Jeffrey K. Weissel  & Lincoln F. Pratson 《Basin Research》1996,8(3):301-316

Rifted continental margins generally display an interior, low-relief, highly weathered upland area and a deeply incised, high-relief coastal area. The boundary between the two zones is commonly demarcated by an abrupt, seaward-facing escarpment. We investigate the rate and pattern of escarpment erosion and landscape evolution along the passive margin of south-east Australia, in the region of the New England Tableland. The process of rifting is shown to initiate an escarpment across which rivers flow, resulting in an escarpment that takes the form of dramatic, elongated gorges. Using a mass balance approach, we estimate the volume/unit length of continental material eroded seaward of the escarpment to be between 41 and 68 km², approximately an order of magnitude less than the 339 km² of terrigenous sediments calculated to have been deposited offshore, but consistent with earlier denudation estimates based on apatite fission track data. On the bedrock rivers draining the New England Tableland region, the escarpment is manifested as a series of sharp knickpoints punctuating the river longitudinal profiles. The knickpoints are situated the same distance upstream along the different channels and uniform escarpment retreat rates on the order of 2 km Myr⁻¹ are estimated, despite some differences in bedrock lithologies. Gorge head migration appears to be very important as a bedrock incision mechanism. Field observations indicate a coupling between escarpment retreat and knickpoint propagation, bedrock channel incision, and hillslope development.  相似文献   

暴雨降水强度和历时的面积分布律   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

马力  沙拉买提 《高原气象》1993,12(4):432-436

暴雨的历时，面积和深度的关系（时、面，深）是水文气象学的重要研究课题之一。近年来，从熵最大原理的角度曾推导出其中的两个负指数关系，并被大量的观测所证实。本文通过对５个个例的分析发现，降水过程的另外两组变量也服从负指数关系。即不同的降水历时与其占有的面积之间和不同的降水强度与其占有的面积之间都遵从负指数关系。而这两组新关系显然对暴雨预告有实用价值。  相似文献   

Theoretical validation of ground-based microwave ozone observations     

P. Ricaud  G. Brasseur  J. Brillet  J. de La Noë  J.-P. Parisot  M. Pirre 《Annales Geophysicae》1994,12(7):664-673

Ground-based microwave measurements of the diurnal and seasonal variations of ozoneat 42±4.5 and 55±8 km are validated by comparing with results from a zero-dimensional photochemical model and a two-dimensional (2D) chemical/radiative/dynamical model, respectively. O₃ diurnal amplitudes measured in Bordeaux are shown to be in agreement with theory to within 5%. For the seasonal analysis of O₃ variation, at 42±4.5 km, the 2D model underestimates the yearly averaged ozone concentration compared with the measurements. A double maximum oscillation (\sim3.5%) is measured in Bordeaux with an extended maximum in September and a maximum in February, whilst the 2D model predicts only a single large maximum (17%) in August and a pronounced minimum in January. Evidence suggests that dynamical transport causes the winter O₃ maximum by propagation of planetary waves, phenomena which are not explicitly reproduced by the 2D model. At 55±8 km, the modeled yearly averaged O₃ concentration is in very good agreement with the measured yearly average. A strong annual oscillation is both measured and modeled with differences in the amplitude shown to be exclusively linked to temperature fields.  相似文献   

Research strategies for the improvement of cactuspear (Opuntia ficus-indica) fruit quality and production     

P. Inglese  G. Barbera  T. La Mantia 《Journal of Arid Environments》1995,29(4)

Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) is cultivated worldwide for fruit production either in the subsistence agriculture of dryland areas or as a cash crop. However, little horticultural research has been devoted to this species so far. Research needs related to reproductive biology as well as productivity and orchard management are outlined. A better knowledge of the environmental influence on reproductive biology and fruit quality, the control of fluctuations in plant cropping, as well as the reduction of seed number and size, are the major challenges for future research. Cactus pear will transcend the ethnical markets only if adequate marketing strategies can be promoted and fruit quality enhanced and standardized.  相似文献   

Automation of measuring the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity of rocks using a PMD-85-1 microcomputer     

Marcela Laštovičková  Karel Klíma  Reviewer A. Janáčková 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1988,32(1):78-83

Summary The new for measuring the electrical conductivity of rocks and minerals developed in the Geophysical Institute is briefly discussed. Unlike the earlier method it uses a PMD-85-1 microcomputer and related equipment (all of CMEA production), which enable the automatic control of the experiment, collection, evaluation, graphic display and storage of the results. This method is verified by measuring the electrical conductivities of granitoids.

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