应用MAPGIS处理地质、物化探图件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜建利  阴曼宁 《内蒙古地质》2002,(2)

目前MAPGIS地理信息系统软件已在地质行业中广泛应用。本文叙述的是作者在使用该系统进行物化探图件编制过程中的一点体会和经验。  相似文献   

依据古地磁资料探讨华北和华南块体运动及其对秦岭造山带构造演化的影响   总被引：45，自引：6，他引：45       下载免费PDF全文

吴汉宁  常承法等 《地质科学》1990,(3):201-214

本文在收集和整理国内外近年来古地磁研究结果的基础上,按照一定的规则选取了部分数据,经统计分析计算,得到华南和华北块体的古生代至中生代古地磁极移曲线和古纬度变化曲线,由此导出两块体的运动形式和北向运动速度分量,估算了两块体间的南北向距离,即秦岭海域的宽度,指出两块体拼合的时限,并根据华北、华南块体的相对位置改变,探讨了秦岭造山带的构造演化历史,对秦岭研究中一些争议较大的问题提出了新的解释。  相似文献   

The probable occurrence of interstitial Al in hydrous,F-bearing and F-free aluminosilicate melts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. A. C. Manning  D. L. Hamilton  C. M. B. Henderson  M. J. Dempsey 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1981,75(3):257-262

Experiments carried out on the system SiO₂-NaAlSi₃O₈-KAlSi₃O₈(Qz-Ab-Or) at 1 kbar in the presence of H₂O and F show that the quartz-alkali feldspar field boundary is progressively displaced towards the feldspar join as F contents increase from 0 to 4 wt. %F. Increasing , in the absence of F, has already been shown to have a similar effect (Tuttle and Bowen 1958; Luth, Jahns, and Tuttle 1964). The increased size of the quartz field in the F-bearing system compared to the hydrous system is believed to be caused by progressive removal of Al from the tetrahedral network of the melt by complexing with F. The residual network in the melt is thus enriched in Si and this stabilizes precipitation of quartz rather than feldspar for certain bulk compositions. The common presence of quench cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) in certain experiments carried out with 4 wt.% F supports this interpretation and indicates that some Al in the melt may be present in six-fold coordination with F^–. The effect of H₂O in the absence of F may be similar, with Al being progressively removed from four-fold coordination as more H₂O is dissolved in the melt. Although a proportion of Al in hydrous melts may occur in six-fold coordination, dry melts predominantly contain Al in four-fold coordination. This major difference in Al complexing may be one of the main causes for differences in the high-pressure phase relations of wet and dry Albearing silicate systems.  相似文献   

Contrasting styles of Sn-W mineralisation in peninsular Thailand and SW England     

D. A. C. Manning 《Mineralium Deposita》1986,21(1):44-52

The Sn-W deposits of SW England and SE Asia are associated with crustally derived granitic rocks with late volatile-enriched (F, Li, B, P) differentiates. In peninsular Thailand, primary ores are principally pegmatitic, and hydrothermal vein systems are only locally important. In SW England, wolframite and cassiterite mainly occur in hydrothermal vein systems, and are associated with greisening and tourmalinisation; mineralised pegmatites are rare. These two styles of mineralisation are thought to arise because of differences in the character of late magmatic processes. In peninsular Thailand, late-stage tourmaline-bearing granitic rocks are enriched in B, but not Li and F, compared to earlier biotite granites. Similar late-stage granitic rocks occur also in SW England, but a later topaz granite, enriched in F, Li and P, also occurs. The Thai pegmatitic Sn-W deposits are thought to have formed by late magmatic crystallisation from an aqueous phase enriched in metals and derived by exsolution from a B and metal-rich magma, whereas the SW England mineralisation involved essentially post-magmatic hydrothermal processes. Complexing agents (especially F) and metals may have been derived from granitic or country rocks during hydrothermal circulation at the current level of emplacement.  相似文献   

Hydrothermal clinopyroxenes of the Skaergaard intrusion     

Craig E. Manning  Dennis K. Bird 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1986,92(4):437-447

Magmatic augites reacted with high temperature aqueous solutions to form secondary calcic pyroxenes during the subsolidus cooling of the Skaergaard intrusion. Secondary, hydrothermal clinopyroxenes replace wall rock igneous augites at the margins of veins filled with calcic amphibole. These veins are up to several millimeters wide and tens of meters in length. Hydrothermal clinopyroxenes are a ubiquitous and characteristic phase in the earliest veins throughout the Layered Series of the intrusion, and occur rarely in late veins that, in some places, crosscut the early veins. Associated secondary phases in early veins include amphiboles ranging in composition from actinolite to hornblende, together with biotite, Fe-Ti oxides and calcic plagioclase. Hydrothermal clinopyroxenes in late veins may be associated with actinolite, hornblende, biotite, magnetite and albite.Hydrothermal clinopyroxenes are depleted in Fe, Mg and minor elements, and enriched in Ca and Si relative to igneous augites in the Layered Series gabbros. Secondary vein pyroxenes are similar in composition to calcic pyroxenes from amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks. Clinopyroxene solvus thermometry suggests minimum temperatures of equilibration of between 500° and 750° C. These temperatures, combined with numerical transport models of the intrusion, suggest that vein clinopyroxenes could have formed during 20,000 to 60,000 year time intervals associated with a maximum in the fluid flux through fractures in the Layered Series.  相似文献   

STORET — A Good Place for Ground Water Data     

Lee Manning  Robert King  Robin Heisler 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》1996,16(4):45-48

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Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch,Colorado, USA   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Katherine Gurley Kahn  Shemin Ge  Jonathan Saul Caine  Andrew Manning 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(1):103-121

Water-table elevation measurements and aquifer parameter estimates are rare in alpine settings because few wells exist in these environments. Alpine groundwater systems may be a primary source of recharge to regional groundwater flow systems. Handcart Gulch is an alpine watershed in Colorado, USA comprised of highly fractured Proterozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks with wells completed to various depths. Primary study objectives include determining hydrologic properties of shallow bedrock and surficial materials, developing a watershed water budget, and testing the consistency of measured hydrologic properties and water budget by constructing a simple model incorporating groundwater and surface water for water year 2005. Water enters the study area as precipitation and exits as discharge in the trunk stream or potential recharge for the deeper aquifer. Surficial infiltration rates ranged from 0.1–6.2×10^?5 m/s. Discharge was estimated at 1.28×10^?3 km³. Numerical modeling analysis of single-well aquifer tests predicted lower specific storage in crystalline bedrock than in ferricrete and colluvial material (6.7×10^?5–2.0×10^?3 l/m). Hydraulic conductivity in crystalline bedrock was significantly lower than in colluvial and alluvial material (4.3×10^?9–2.0×10^?4 m/s). Water budget results suggest that during normal precipitation and temperatures water is available to recharge the deeper groundwater flow system.  相似文献   

Public Awareness of and Visitation to National Parks by Racial/Ethnic Minorities     

Xiao Xiao  Robert Manning  Elizabeth Perry  William Valliere 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(8):908-924

National parks are an important manifestation of the United States’ democratic ideal and attract more than 300 million visits annually. However, racial/ethnic minorities are substantially underrepresented among visitors, and this has led to three hypotheses—marginality, subculture, and discrimination—designed to help explain this pattern of visitation. Moreover, research suggests that the awareness of and visitation to national parks may relate to several variables, including race/ethnicity, socio-economic characteristics, and childhood visitation history. To investigate these issues, an online general population survey of New York City residents was conducted. Study findings suggest that (1) racial/ethnic minorities are underrepresented at some types of parks but not others, (2) Hispanics and Blacks generally have lower rates of awareness about national parks than Whites, and (3) awareness and childhood visitation history significantly affect visitation to national parks. These findings suggest potential approaches to enable and encourage diverse racial/ethnic groups to engage with national parks.  相似文献   

Innovation in Resourcing Geological Materials as Crop Nutrients     

David A. C. Manning 《Natural Resources Research》2018,27(2):217-227

Mineral resources are fundamental to the growth and development of human society. Extraction of metal ores has risen very slightly as a proportion of all resources, while construction and industrial mineral extraction has grown much more rapidly. This reflects growth in GDP, which is much faster than population growth, in turn reflecting improved standards of living, growth in urban housing/infrastructure and growth in the consumer society. Fertilizer minerals in particular are essential resources for production of the food needed by an increasing global population. Nitrogen fertilizer manufacture requires fossil fuels—especially natural gas (methane) as a source of the hydrogen needed for the Haber–Bosch process. Phosphate fertilizers are predominantly manufactured using phosphate rock as a source of phosphoric acid, and there is scope to recover phosphorus from contaminated waters. Potassium fertilizers are produced from evaporite deposits, mainly in the global north. It is difficult for poorer countries with deeply leached soils to access and make efficient use of existing conventional products. Globally, while N and P fertilizer application replaces the nutrient removed by crops and so is in balance, twice as much K is being removed from soils as is being replaced. This leads to the need for innovation in developing novel sources of K, especially to support agricultural production in the global south. Rocks containing K silicate minerals (such as feldspar and nepheline) occur widely as potential sources of K for use in soils where these minerals weather rapidly. Observations of surface corrosion in feldspars taken from soils after 10 years exposure to soil microbial systems demonstrates rates of dissolution 4 orders of magnitude greater than determined in the laboratory. Innovation in use of these minerals depends on an understanding of the role of microbial processes in silicate mineral decomposition.  相似文献   

Hydrous albite magmas at lower crustal pressure: new results on liquidus H2O content,solubility, and H2O activity in the system NaAlSi3O8–H2O–NaCl at 1.0 GPa     

A. R. Makhluf  R. C. Newton  C. E. Manning 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2016,171(8-9):75

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