“Hot” particles of the Yenisei River: Radioisotope composition,structure, and behavior in natural conditions     

A. V. Chuguevskii  F. V. Sukhorukov  M. S. Mel’gunov  I. V. Makarova  A. T. Titov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,430(1):51-53

The radioisotope compositions, structure, and behavior of “hot” particles under the natural conditions of the Yenisei River in the nearby influence zone of Krasnoyarsk mining and chemical combine were examined in this study. By the composition of gamma-radiating isotopes, all particles are divided into three groups: mono-isotopic, bi-isotopic and poly-isotopic. Mono-isotopic “hot” particles, containing only ⁶⁰Co were discovered for the first time. Transuranium elements (²⁴¹Am and ²⁴³Cm) were revealed in poly-isotopic particles. Investigation of poly-isotopic particles by means of a scan electron microscope showed that the presence of UO₂ together with the lack of activation of ¹⁵²Eu testifies to the reactor origin of this particle. Experiments showed that in natural conditions “hot” particles under the influence of filtrating water and moisture of pore solutions are gradually dissolved and radionuclides are repeatedly drawn into migration.  相似文献   

The regularities in the structural group composition of high-molecular heteroatomic petroleum components     

A.K. Golovko  L.V. Gorbunova  V.F. Kam’yanov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(3):286-295

We generalized experimental data on the structural group composition and macrostructural characteristics of high-molecular compounds (HMCs)—hydrocarbons, resins, and asphaltenes—from more than 180 crude oil samples extracted from different oil fields of Eurasia. Most of oil resin molecules contain 1–3 structural blocks, each consisting of 0–3 aromatic and 0–5 naphthenic rings in different combinations, with the total number of rings in each block not exceeding 5–6. The average molecular weights of resins are no more than 100–1500 a.m.u. Asphaltenes differ from resins from the same source in the larger number of structural blocks (mainly tri- or tetracyclic aromatic) in molecule (up to five), lower degrees of substitution of aromatic cores, and smaller portions of carbon atoms in saturated fragments. The average molecular weights of asphaltenes measured by naphthalene cryoscopy do not exceed 2500 a.m.u. Owing to intermolecular interactions, HMCs form various associates and polymolecular particles, including quasi-crystalline “batches” and multibatch aggregates. Spontaneous disintegration and formation of such particles make the oils dynamically equilibrium polydisperse systems. We have developed the main regularities of compositional and structural changes of HMCs depending on the depth of occurrence, age, and lithologic composition of oil-bearing deposits. Being chemically labile heteroatomic substances, petroleum HMCs are more rapidly subjected to compositional and structural transformations than hydrocarbons, i.e., are more responsive to changes in strata conditions.  相似文献   

Sub-parsec structure of binary supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei     

A. E. Vol’vach  L. N. Vol’vach  A. M. Kut’kin  M. G. Larionov  M. F. Aller  H. D. Aller 《Astronomy Reports》2010,54(1):28-37

Long-term, multi-frequency monitoring of the radio fluxes of the four BL Lac objects 3C 120, OJ 287, 1308+326, and BL Lac is considered. Harmonic components of the flux variability on scales from one year to decades are determined. The observational data used were obtained at the Radio Astronomy Laboratory of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (Ukraine) and the University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA). These data are used to construct kinematic models for active galactic nuclei using values for the orbital and precessional periods of binary systems consisting of supermassive black holes. The derived speeds of the companions in their orbits lie in the narrow range 3000–4000 km/s. The orbital radii for the binary supermassive black holes also lie in a narrow range, 10¹⁷–10¹⁸ cm, providing evidence that observed prominent examples of active galactic nuclei are fairly close binary systems. The parameters of the mediumin which the components of the binary systems are moving are estimated, as well as the rates at which the systems are losing orbital angular momentum and their lifetimes to coalescence.  相似文献   

Supermassive black holes in interacting galaxies     

V. P. Arkhipova  A. M. Kut’kin  A. D. Chernin 《Astronomy Reports》2010,54(2):126-132

The possible influence of galactic interaction on the formation and growth of supermassive black holes in their nuclei and the dynamics of their circumnuclear regions are considered, based on new data from the updated Vorontsov-Velyaminov catalog of interacting galaxies and modern estimates of the masses of supermassive black holes. A sample of interacting galaxies with known black-hole masses is created, and the dependence of the masses of the central black holes on the absolute B magnitudes and central stellar velocity dispersions in the host galaxy derived for this sample. A statistical analysis of the sample shows that the black-hole masses in interacting galaxies satisfy the same mass-velocity dispersion relation as non-interacting galaxies. A higher mass dispersion is characteristic of merging pairs than for galaxies that interact in other ways. The maximum masses of the central black holes are observed in radio galaxies.  相似文献   

Hidden mineralogical and geochemical zonation of low-sulfide gold—silver mineralization (Mnogovershinnoe deposit, lower amur area)     

I. I. Fats’yanov  V. G. Khomich  N. G. Boriskina 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,435(1):1456-1459

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Rare-metal granitoids of the Ulug-Tanzek deposit (Eastern Tyva): Age and tectonic setting     

Yarmolyuk  V. V.  Nikiforov  A. V.  Sal’nikova  E. B.  Travin  A. V.  Kozlovskiy  A. M.  Kotov  A. B.  Shuriga  T. N.  Lykhin  D. A.  Lebedev  V. I.  Anisimova  I. V.  Plotkina  Yu. V.  Yakovleva  S. Z. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,430(1):95-100

Doklady Earth Sciences -  相似文献   

Structure of the transition zone from the barents sea shelf to the Knipovich Ridge Northward from Medvezhii Island (Preliminary results of the 26th cruis of R/V Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov)     

Zayonchek  A. V.  Brekke  H.  Sokolov  S. Yu.  Ermakov  A. V.  Efimov  V. N.  Zaraiskaya  Yu. A.  Akhmedzyanov  V. R.  Kalinin  N. D.  Kokhan  A. V.  Moroz  E. A.  Ol’shanetskii  D. M.  Razumovskii  A. A.  Yampol’skii  K. P. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,430(2):265-270

Doklady Earth Sciences -  相似文献   

The appearance of a radio-pulsar magnetosphere from a vacuum with a strong magnetic field. Motion of charged particles     

Ya. N. Istomin  D. N. Sob’yanin 《Astronomy Reports》2010,54(4):338-354

The motion of electrons and positrons in the vacuum magnetosphere of a neutron star with a surface magnetic field of B ≈ 10¹² G is considered. Particles created in the magnetosphere or falling into it from outside are virtually instantaneously accelerated to Lorentz factors γ ≈ 10⁸. After crossing the force-free surface, where the projection of the electric field onto the magnetic field vanishes, a particle begins to undergo ultra-relativistic oscillations. The particle experiences a regular drift along the force-free surface simultaneous with this oscillatory motion.  相似文献   

Stratigraphic chart of Cambrian deposits in the Turukhansk–Irkutsk–Olekma region,Siberian Platform     

N.V. Mel’nikov  Yu.Ya. Shabanov  O.S. Shabanova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(6):672-683

The former stratigraphic chart of the Cambrian in the Turukhansk–Irkutsk–Olekma region of the Siberian Platform was compiled in 1986 and approved in 1988. Large amounts of data were obtained from new wells drilled in the western and northern parts of the region during the preceding 20 years. Modifications necessitated by new data entail an indefinitely continuous series of revised facies zonation, recognition of new facies areas, regions and zone, as well as definition of a regional early Mayan stratigraphic hiatus. A new local stratigraphic division is the Olenchima Member (base of the Evenk Formation) underlain by a hiatus. The term Kochumdek Formation is no longer used in the Bakhta region and its lithologically distinct subformations (Yasenga, Moktakon, Mara, and Abakun) were raised to formation rank. The Olenchima Formation is no longer used in the Baikit zone; but instead, the Litvintsevo Formation was established here by correlation.  相似文献   

New data on Quaternary morpholithogenesis in the Chuya basin (Gorny Altai)     

I.D. Zol’nikov  E.V. Deev  V.A. Lyamina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(4):339-348

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