Sorption and Intraparticle Diffusion of Fluorescent Dyes with Consolidated Aquifer Media   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

David A. Sabatini 《Ground water》2000,38(5):651-656

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Contrasting surface active faults and deep seismogenic sources unveiled by the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake sequence (Italy)     

Sabina Bigi  Piero Casero  Claudio Chiarabba  Daniela Di Bucci 《地学学报》2013,25(1):21-29

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An ice-core based history of Siberian forest fires since AD 1250     

Anja Eichler  Willy Tinner  Sabina Brütsch  Susanne Olivier  Tatyana Papina  Margit Schwikowski 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(9-10):1027-1034

Forest fires play a key role in the global carbon cycle and thus, can affect regional and global climate. Although fires in extended areas of Russian boreal forests have a considerable influence on atmospheric greenhouse gas and soot concentrations, estimates of their impact on climate are hampered by a lack of data on the history of forest fires. Especially regions with strong continental climate are of high importance due to an intensified development of wildfires. In this study we reconstruct the fire history of Southern Siberia during the past 750 years using ice-core based nitrate, potassium, and charcoal concentration records from Belukha glacier in the continental Siberian Altai. A period of exceptionally high forest-fire activity was observed between AD 1600 and 1680, following an extremely dry period AD 1540–1600. Ice-core pollen data suggest distinct forest diebacks and the expansion of steppe in response to dry climatic conditions. Coherence with a paleoenvironmental record from the 200 km distant Siberian lake Teletskoye shows that the vegetational shift AD 1540–1680, the increase in fire activity AD 1600–1680, and the subsequent recovery of forests AD 1700 were of regional significance. Dead biomass accumulation in response to drought and high temperatures around AD 1600 probably triggered maximum forest-fire activity AD 1600–1680. The extreme dry period in the 16th century was also observed at other sites in Central Asia and is possibly associated with a persistent positive mode of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). No significant increase in biomass burning occurred in the Altai region during the last 300 years, despite strongly increasing temperatures and human activities. Our results imply that precipitation changes controlled fire-regime and vegetation shifts in the Altai region during the past 750 years. We conclude that high sensitivity of ecosystems to occasional decadal-scale drought events may trigger unprecedented environmental reorganizations under global-warming conditions.  相似文献   

L’influence de certaines substances toxiques,contenues dans les eaux d’égouts municipaux,sur les bactériesEscherichia coli etPseudomonas fluorescens     

Sabina Spandowska  Barbara Ŀubieńska  Stanisŀaw Koŀaczkowski 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1973,35(2):278-285

The toxic influence of phenol, aniline, pyridine and chrome, substances often found in municipal wastewaters, on the bacteriaEscherichia coli andPseudomonas fluorescens was examined. The non-toxic, growth limiting, toxic and lethal doses were determined on the basis of observations made ofE. coli andP. fluorescens reproduction and respiration patterns. Comparative test series were set up with the various doses in different nutrient cultures to ascertain whether the bacterias’ multiplication process or carbohydrate decomposition was more sensitive to the chemicals.  相似文献   

High Arctic sea ice conditions influence marine birds wintering in Low Arctic regions     

Laura McFarlane Tranquilla  April Hedd  Chantelle Burke  William A. Montevecchi  Paul M. Regular  Gregory J. Robertson  Leslie Ann Stapleton  Sabina I. Wilhelm  David A. Fifield  Alejandro D. Buren 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Ocean climate change is having profound biological effects in polar regions. Such change can also have far-reaching downstream effects in sub-polar regions. This study documents an environmental relationship between High Arctic sea ice changes and mortality events of marine birds in Low Arctic coastal regions. During April 2007 and March 2009, hundreds of beached seabird carcasses and moribund seabirds were found along the east and northeast coasts of Newfoundland, Canada. These seabird “wrecks” (i.e. dead birds on beaches) coincided with a period of strong, persistent onshore winds and heavily-accumulated sea ice that blocked bays and trapped seabirds near beaches. Ninety-two percent of wreck seabirds were Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia). Body condition and demographic patterns of wreck murres were compared to Thick-billed Murres shot in the Newfoundland murre hunt. Average body and pectoral masses of wreck carcasses were 34% and 40% lighter (respectively) than shot murres, indicating that wreck birds had starved. The acute nature of each wreck suggested that starvation and associated hypothermia occurred within 2–3 days. In 2007, first-winter murres (77%) dominated the wreck. In 2009, there were more adults (78%), mostly females (66%). These results suggest that spatial and temporal segregation in ages and sexes can play a role in differential survival when stochastic weather conditions affect discrete areas where these groups aggregate. In wreck years, southward movement of Arctic sea ice to Low Arctic latitudes was later and blocked bays longer than in most other years. These inshore conditions corresponded with recent climate-driven changes in High Arctic ice break-up and ice extent; coupled with local weather conditions, these ice conditions appeared to be the key environmental features that precipitated the ice-associated seabird wrecks in the Low Arctic region.  相似文献   

Estimating Partition Coefficients of Tracers     

Alfred E. Thal  Jr.    Robert C. Knox  David A. Sabatini 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2007,27(4):135-142

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A multibeam H i survey of the Virgo cluster – two isolated H i clouds?     

J. Davies  R. Minchin  S. Sabatini  W. van Driel  M. Baes  P. Boyce  W. J. G. de Blok  M. Disney  Rh. Evans  V. Kilborn  R. Lang  S. Linder  S. Roberts  R. Smith 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,349(3):922-932

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Remediation of NAPL source zones: lessons learned from field studies at Hill and Dover AFB     

McCray JE  Tick GR  Jawitz JW  Gierke JS  Brusseau ML  Falta RW  Knox RC  Sabatini DA  Annable MD  Harwell JH  Wood AL 《Ground water》2011,49(5):727-744

Innovative remediation studies were conducted between 1994 and 2004 at sites contaminated by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) at Hill and Dover AFB, and included technologies that mobilize, solubilize, and volatilize NAPL: air sparging (AS), surfactant flushing, cosolvent flooding, and flushing with a complexing-sugar solution. The experiments proved that aggressive remedial efforts tailored to the contaminant can remove more than 90% of the NAPL-phase contaminant mass. Site-characterization methods were tested as part of these field efforts, including partitioning tracer tests, biotracer tests, and mass-flux measurements. A significant reduction in the groundwater contaminant mass flux was achieved despite incomplete removal of the source. The effectiveness of soil, groundwater, and tracer based characterization methods may be site and technology specific. Employing multiple methods can improve characterization. The studies elucidated the importance of small-scale heterogeneities on remediation effectiveness, and fomented research on enhanced-delivery methods. Most contaminant removal occurs in hydraulically accessible zones, and complete removal is limited by contaminant mass stored in inaccessible zones. These studies illustrated the importance of understanding the fluid dynamics and interfacial behavior of injected fluids on remediation design and implementation. The importance of understanding the dynamics of NAPL-mixture dissolution and removal was highlighted. The results from these studies helped researchers better understand what processes and scales are most important to include in mathematical models used for design and data analysis. Finally, the work at these sites emphasized the importance and feasibility of recycling and reusing chemical agents, and enabled the implementation and success of follow-on full-scale efforts.  相似文献   

Geochemical evidence of the renewal of volcanic activity inferred from CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> soil and SO<Subscript>2</Subscript> plume fluxes: the 2007 Stromboli eruption (Italy)     

Salvatore Inguaggiato  Fabio Vita  Dmitri Rouwet  Nicole Bobrowski  Sabina Morici  Aldo Sollami 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2011,73(4):443-456

On 27 February 2007, a new eruption occurred on Stromboli which lasted until 2 April. It was characterized by effusive activity on the Sciara del Fuoco and by a paroxysmal event (15 March). This crisis represented an opportunity for us to refine the model that had been developed previously (2002–2003 eruption) and to improve our understanding of the relationship between the magmatic dynamics of the volcano and the geochemical variations in the fluids. In particular, the evaluation of the dynamic equilibrium between the volatiles (CO₂ and SO₂) released from the magma and the corresponding fluids discharged from the summit area allowed us to evaluate the level of criticality of the volcanic activity. One of the major accomplishments of this study is a 4-year database of summit soil CO₂ flux on the basis of which we define the thresholds (low–medium–high) for this parameter that are empirically based on the natural volcanological evolution of Stromboli. The SO₂ fluxes of the degassing plume and the CO₂ fluxes emitted from the soil at Pizzo Sopra la Fossa are also presented. It is noteworthy that geochemical signals of volcanic unrest have been clearly identified before, during and after the effusive activity. These signals were found almost simultaneously in the degassing plume (SO₂ flux) and in soil degassing (CO₂ flux) at the summit, although the two degassing processes are shown to be clearly different. The interpretation of the results will be useful for future volcanic surveillance at Stromboli.  相似文献   

Radiative transfer in disc galaxies – III. The observed kinematics of dusty disc galaxies     

Maarten Baes †  Jonathan I. Davies  Herwig Dejonghe  Sabina Sabatini  Sarah Roberts  Rhodri Evans  Suzanne M. Linder  Rodney M. Smith  W. J. G. de Blok 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,343(4):1081-1094

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