Groundwater quality assessment using statistical approach and water quality index in Ejisu-Juaben Municipality,Ghana     

Thomas Kwame Boateng  Francis Opoku  Samuel Osafo Acquaah  Osei Akoto 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(6):489

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Integrating variations in the soil chloride profile and evaporativity for in-situ estimation of evaporation in arid zones: an application in south-eastern Morocco     

Saïdati Bouhlassa  Bouchaib Ammary  Samuel Paré  Naima Safsaf 《Hydrogeology Journal》2016,24(7):1699-1706

In arid regions, knowledge of the evaporation rate from the water table is essential for appropriate management of scarce resources and to prevent land degradation. Soil chloride profiles in the unsaturated zone of a bare soil in an arid area of south-eastern Morocco were used to assess the evaporation flux, using chloride inventories in conjunction with evaporative demand. Moisture fluxes were calculated from measured chloride concentrations on the basis of a steady-state flow model. The chloride profiles displayed large variations in concentrations and had (1) low chloride concentrations near the soil surface, (2) maximum chloride concentrations at depths of 11–14 cm beneath the soil surface, respectively in July and February, and (3) gradually decreasing chloride concentrations while depth increased below these peaks. Evaporative demands were found to be inversely proportional to the depth of evaporation fronts and proportional to evaporation fluxes. In addition, the evaporation along the profiles seems to be controlled by the soil composition and texture. The investigation of chloride profiles in February and July enabled the determination of a value for annual evaporation (～30 mm), which is in good agreement with the value estimated by the Allison-Barnes type model (～32 mm).  相似文献   

It's not all about wealth and beauty: Changing perceptions of fatness among Makola market women of Accra,Ghana          下载免费PDF全文

Charlotte Wrigley‐Asante  Samuel Agyei‐Mensah  Faustina Adomaa Obeng 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2017,38(3):414-428

Within the African context, body shape preferences may be influenced by culture without necessarily taking into consideration health implications. Thus, fatness is culturally associated with beauty, prosperity, and prestige while thinness is perceived as a sign of ill‐health or poverty. Using a cross section of Makola market women, who traditionally are perceived as fat and affluent, our findings revealed that the perception of fatness as a sign of richness and beauty is changing due to women's access to knowledge and information on the health implications of fatness. The challenge for these women however, is adhering to healthy lifestyles despite living sedentary lives in the market place which is a conducive environment for one to become fat. We recommend that qualified professionals should encourage these women through continuous programmes on regenerative health and nutrition aimed at healthy lifestyle behaviour at the market places. The social groups that women belong to should be targeted, trained and equipped with the right information on healthy living so that they can disseminate this information to other members of their networks.  相似文献   

On hydraulic falls of two-layer flow     

Xu Zhaoting  Lou Shunli  Tian Jiwei  Samuel Shan pu Shen 《海洋学报(英文版)》1996,15(2):179-191

Ｏｎｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｆａｌｌｓｏｆｔｗｏ－ｌａｙｅｒｆｌｏｗ￥ＸｕＺｈａｏｔｉｎｇ;ＬｏｕＳｈｕｎｌｉ;ＴｉａｎＪｉｗｅｉａｎｄＳａｍｕｅｌＳｈａｎｐｎＳｈｅｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌＤｅｅａｎｏｐａｐｈｙａｎｄＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌｏｃ...  相似文献   

Complex mathematical model of the WIG motion including the take-off mode     

Knud Benedict  Nikolai Kornev  Michael Meyer  Jost Ebert 《Ocean Engineering》2002,29(3):1-357

This paper describes an effort to develop a predictive tool for the design of a new promising marine transport — the WIG craft. The presented mathematical model of the WIG craft is capable of modeling the aerodynamics of a WIG system including the ground effect, the hydrodynamics of a stepped planing hull with a hydrofoil and also the simulation of motion for the craft. Based on extensive experience using the model, it is shown that the most important and necessary features of WIG aero- and hydrodynamics are taken into account. The results of simulations have been validated through comparison with other theoretical approaches and also with model experiments. The mathematical model is applied to investigate the dynamics of the small manually piloted WIG craft: “Hydrowing VT01”. The numerical study resulted in recommendations allowing the pilot to overcome the pitch-up tendency and also to perform the take-off manoeuvre smoothly. The stability of the WIG with a hydrofoil and also the dynamic properties of anti-collision manoeuvres have been studied and are presented.  相似文献   

The Alaska Wrangell Arc: ~30 Ma of subduction‐related magmatism along a still active arc‐transform junction     

Matthew E. Brueseke  Jeffrey A. Benowitz  Jeffrey M. Trop  Kailyn N. Davis  Samuel E. Berkelhammer  Paul W. Layer  Bethany K. Morter 《地学学报》2019,31(1):59-66

The Oligocene to Present Wrangell Volcanic Belt (WVB) extends for ~500 km across south‐central Alaska (USA) into Canada at a volcanic arc‐transform junction. Previously, geochemistry documented mantle wedge and slab‐edge melting in <12 Ma WVB volcanic rocks; new geochemistry shows that the same processes characterized ~18–30 Ma WVB magmatism in Alaska. New ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages demonstrate that WVB magmatism in Alaska initiated at ~30 Ma due to flat‐slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate and that the dextral Totschunda fault was active at this time. Our results, together with prior studies, show that Alaskan WVB magmatism occurred chiefly due to subduction and should be considered a volcanic arc (e.g. the Wrangell Arc). The WVB provides a long‐term geological record of subduction, strike‐slip and magmatism. Slab‐edge upwelling, flat‐slab defocused fluid‐flux and faults acting as magma conduits are likely responsible for the exceptionally large volcanoes and high eruption rates of the Wrangell Arc.  相似文献   

Adding our leaves: A community-wide perspective on research directions in ecohydrology     

Christina L. Tague  Shirley A. Papuga  Cynthia Gerlein-Safdi  Salli Dymond  Ryan R. Morrison  Elizabeth W. Boyer  Diego Riveros-Iregui  Elizabeth Agee  Bhavna Arora  Yannis G. Dialynas  Amy Hansen  Stefan Krause  Sylvain Kuppel  Steven P Loheide II  Stanislaus J. Schymanski  Samuel C Zipper 《水文研究》2020,34(7):1665-1673

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Direct and semi-direct aerosol radiative effect on the Mediterranean climate variability using a coupled regional climate system model     

Pierre Nabat  Samuel Somot  Marc Mallet  Florence Sevault  Marc Chiacchio  Martin Wild 《Climate Dynamics》2015,44(3-4):1127-1155

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Modeling the exceptional south Foehn event (Garmij) over the Alborz Mountains during the extreme forest fire of December 2005     

Abbas Mofidi  Iman Soltanzadeh  Yadollah Yousefi  Azar Zarrin  Mohsen Soltani  Jafar Masoompour Samakosh  Ghasem Azizi  Samuel T. K. Miller 《Natural Hazards》2015,75(3):2489-2518

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Overcoming barriers to climate change information management in small island developing states: lessons from pacific SIDS     

Samuel Mackay  Rebecca Brown  Makelesi Gonelevu  Netatua Pelesikoti  Talei Kocovanua  Rebecca Iaken 《Climate Policy》2019,19(1):125-138

We live in a rapidly advancing digital information age where the ability to discover, access and utilize high-quality information in a reliable and timely manner is often assumed to be the norm. However, this is not always the experience of researchers, practitioners and decision makers responding to the challenges of a rapidly changing climate, despite the billions now being made available for investment in climate change adaptation initiatives throughout the world and particularly in developing countries. In recognition of the importance of information in adaptation planning, Article 7.7 of the Paris Agreement sets out clear guidance for parties to develop, share, manage and deliver climate change knowledge, information and data as a means to strengthening cooperation and action on adaptation. This article provides some key lessons and insights on climate change information and knowledge management (IKM) in small island developing States (SIDS) from the perspective of Pacific SIDS. A situation analysis of current climate change IKM practices in Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu was conducted and key barriers to effective climate change IKM identified. The outcome of this article is a range of pragmatic policy considerations for overcoming common barriers to climate change IKM in the Pacific, which may be of value to SIDS more widely.

Key policy insights

• The partnership approach of co-investigating climate change IKM barriers in collaboration with Pacific SIDS generated considerable trust, a shared purpose and therefore rich IKM lessons and insights.

• Turning climate change IKM aspirations into practice is significantly more complicated than expected, and requires a long-term commitment from both national governments and development partners.

• Pacific SIDS need to establish national guiding climate change IKM Frameworks that leverage rather than duplicate growing national investments in whole-of-government IKM.

• Reframing climate change IKM in the Pacific towards demand and user needs will be critical to ensuring widespread ownership and participation in IKM solutions that lead to greater adaptation and resilience outcomes.

• It is also critical that IKM activities in SIDS support the development of national capacity to scope, develop, deploy and maintain decision support systems.

• Federated IKM systems are ideal for encouraging greater IKM collaboration.

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