Converting heterogeneous complex geological models to consistent finite element models: methods,development, and application to deep geothermal reservoir operation     

Bo Wang  Sebastian Bauer 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(20):1349

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Upward brine migration resulting from pressure increases in a layered subsurface system     

Jens-Olaf Delfs  Johannes Nordbeck  Sebastian Bauer 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(22):1441

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Social capital,individual responses to heat waves and climate change adaptation: An empirical study of two UK cities     

Johanna Wolf  W. Neil Adger  Irene Lorenzoni  Vanessa Abrahamson  Rosalind Raine 《Global Environmental Change》2010,20(1):44-52

It has been claimed that high social capital contributes to both positive public health outcomes and to climate change adaptation. Strong social networks have been said to support individuals and collective initiatives of adaptation and enhance resilience. As a result, there is an expectation that social capital could reduce vulnerability to risks from the impacts of climate change in the health sector. This paper examines evidence on the role social networks play in individuals’ responses to heat wave risk in a case study in the UK. Based on interviews with independently living elderly people and their primary social contacts in London and Norwich, we suggest that strong bonding networks could potentially exacerbate rather than reduce the vulnerability of elderly people to the effects of heat waves. Most respondents interviewed did not feel that heat waves posed a significant risk to them personally, and most said that they would be able to cope with hot weather. Bonding networks could perpetuate rather than challenge these narratives and therefore contribute to vulnerability rather than ameliorating it. These results suggest a complex rather than uniformly positive relationship between social capital, health and adaptation to climate change.  相似文献   

Wolfsburg fifty years on —and the future?     

Wolf Tietze 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):75-83

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Variational stabilization of the ionic charge densities in the electron-gas theory of crystals: Applications to MgO and CaO     

George H. Wolf  Mark S. T. Bukowinski 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1988,15(3):209-220

The electron-gas theory of crystals is extended to include the effects of many-body forces that arise from both electrostatic and overlap interactions. These effects are incorporated through a self-consistent spherical relaxation of the ionic charge distributions such that the crystal binding energy is minimized. This variational model is used to compute the elastic constants and equations of state of MgO and CaO, and we compare its results to those derived from earlier electron-gas models. In the variational model, the anion charge distributions are markedly more sensitive to the local crystal environment than they are in the PIB or other electron-gas models. We find that for these oxides the variational model gives the best overall agreement with experiment for lattice constants, equations of state, dissociation energies, and elastic moduli.  相似文献   

Iron porphyrins in the Permian Kupferschiefer of the lower Rhine Basin, N.W. Germany     

C. B. Eckardt  M. Wolf  J. R. Maxwell 《Organic Geochemistry》1989,14(6)

Immature samples of the Permian Kupferschiefer from the Lower Rhine Basin in N.W. Germany were analysed for tetrapyrrole pigment type and abundance. The sediment, thought to have been deposited in a marine regime with enhanced salinity, was found to contain high concentrations of metalloporphyrins. The porphyrins are complexed to nickel (Ni) and oxovanadium (V=0), but high abundances of iron (Fe) porphyrins were also detected using UV/visible spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The presence in the latter of series of aetioporphyrins, cycloalkanoporphyrins, di-cycloalkanoporphyrins and benz-cycloalkanoporphyrins was confirmed by accurate mass measurements; HPLC co-injection of deoxophylloerythroetioporphyrin (C₃₂ DPEP) with the demetallated iron porphyrins indicated its presence in the sediment as an iron complex. The study provides the first evidence for the occurrence of Fe porphyrins in geological samples other than coals and lignites, and reports the highest concentrations in sedimentary organic matter to date.  相似文献   

Criterion of stability and implementation issues of hybrid frequency-time-domain procedure for non-linear dynamic analysis     

Georges R. Darbre  John P. Wolf 《地震工程与结构动力学》1988,16(4):569-581

A criterion of stability pertaining to the hybrid frequency-time-domain procedure is derived. It stems from the initial-value theorem on one side and from the condition of convergence which applies to the harmonic counterpart of the procedure on the other side. The criterion depends on the dynamic stiffnesses of both the original non-linear system and the pseudo-linear system evaluated at the Nyquist frequency. Since at this frequency both stiffnesses are usually controlle by the mass, the criterion of stability is satisfied for most structural systems. The procedure must, however, be applie sequentially to individual time segments. The validity of this criterion is confirmed by a numerical investigation performe for a SDOF system. The solution of non-linear dynamic problems requires consideration of implementation issues which are also discusse in the paper. The analysis of a non-linear soil-structure-interaction system in which the soil's stiffness coefficients an directly defined in the frequency domain also demonstrates the accuracy of the hybrid frequency-time-domain procedure.  相似文献   

Deglacial land emergence and lateral upper-mantle heterogeneity in the Svalbard Archipelago—I. First results for simple load models     

Doris Breuer  Detlef Wolf 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,121(3):775-788

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Book reviews     

Krings  Th.  Bora  Lakshmi N.  West  Robert C.  Rugg  Dean S.  Tietze  Wolf  Grotewold  Andreas  Hellen  J. A. 《GeoJournal》1990,22(3):381-384

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Raman scattering study of the high-temperature vibrational properties and stability of CaGeO3 perovskite     

Dan J. Durben  George H. Wolf  Paul F. McMillan 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1991,18(4):215-223

The vibrational properties of metastable Ca-GeO₃ perovskite are investigated as a function of temperature using Raman scattering. Mode-assignments are derived from polarized spectra of optically oriented single crystals. Neither symmetry-breaking structural transformations nor soft-mode behavior is revealed in the Raman spectra between room temperature and 650° C. Only a small decrease in the local static octahedral tilt angles can be inferred from the Raman data over this temperature range. A Landau extrapolation of the lowest frequency A_g modes suggests that these modes become critical near 2000° C, a temperature that is above the extrapolated zero pressure melting point.  相似文献