排序方式： 共有90条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
HSU Weibiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(5)
Coupled with a petrographical study, I carried out an ion probe study of rare earth element microdistributions in mineral phases of silicate inclusions from the Colomera ⅡE iron meteorite. Most mineral grains have homogeneous REEs, but show considerable inter-grain variations by a factor of 2 to 100. The whole rock REE abundances for Colomera, estimated by combining REE data with modal abundances, are relatively LREE-enriched with REEs of -10'CI, which suggest that Colomera silicates were highly differentiated and might represent a low degree partial melt (-10%) of a chondritic source. REE geochemistry of Colomera silicate inclusions points to an origin that involves differentiation, dynamic mixing, remelting, reduction, recrystallization, and subsequent rapid cooling near the surface of a planetary body. 相似文献
42.
S. Thevanayagam 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,(2)
Whether the presence of non-plastic silt in a granular mix soil impact its liquefaction potential and how to evaluate liquefaction resistance of sand containing different amounts of silt contents are both controversial issues. This paper presents the results of an experimental evaluation to address these issues. Two parameters, namely, equivalent intergranular void ratio (ec)eq and equivalent interfine void ratio (ef)eq, proposed in a companion paper (Thevanayagam, 2007) as indices of active grain contacts in a granular mix, are used to characterize liquefaction resistance of sands and silty sands. Results indicate that, at the same global void ratio (e), liquefaction resistance of silty sand decreases with an increase in fines content (CF) up to a threshold value (CFth). This is due to a reduction in intergrain contact density between the coarse grains. Beyond CFth, with further addition of fines, the interfine contacts become significant while the inter-coarse grain contacts diminish and coarse grains become dispersed. At the same e, the liquefaction resistance increases and the soil becomes stronger with a further increase in silt content. Beyond a limiting fines content (CFL), the liquefaction resistance is controlled by interfine contacts only. When CFCFth, at the same (ef)eq, the cyclic strength of a sandy silt is comparable to the host silt at a void ratio equal to (ef)eq. 相似文献
43.
目前很少见到关于气候变化影响亚洲北山羊物种栖息地的研究。通过调查气候变化对塔吉克斯坦东部亚洲北山羊(Capra sibirica)分布的影响,并采用生态位建模比较了亚洲北山羊的适宜栖息地的当前与未来分布情况。预计到2070年,现有适宜栖息地的18%(2689 km^2)将变得不适宜亚洲北山羊的生存,损失的区域主要位于研究区域的东南部和西北部地区。新的适宜栖息地可能会扩展到当前亚洲北山羊范围之外:到2070年将扩展30%(4595 km^2)的范围,这些区域与亚洲北山羊现有的分布有很强的相关性。东南部的损失与该地区当前大多数的亚洲北山羊栖息地重叠,主要出现在比研究区域海拔低得多的区域(3500–4000 m)。当同时考虑损失和收益时,亚洲北山羊可能会净扩展到新的适宜栖息地。到2070年,亚洲北山羊的平均栖息地增加量约为30%(1379 km^2),表明适宜栖息地已向北部低温栖息地转移。研究结果有助于规划气候变化情景下塔吉克斯坦东部山区对生物多样性保护的潜在影响。应该特别注意东南地区的高地山羊种群,那里的栖息地可能由于气候对山区生态系统的影响而变得不适合该物种继续生存。 相似文献
44.
WANG Xin 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(2):183-193
Because the cytoplasm of a plant normally degrades after the death of the plant, finding cytoplasm in a plant body after a prolonged period of time, especially in fossil plants, is unexpected. Recent work on several 100-Myr-old plant fossils from Kansas, USA indicates, however, that cells and their contents can be preserved. Most of the cells in these fossil plants appear to be in a state of plasmolysis, and these fossil cells bear a strong resemblance to laboratory-baked cells of extant plant tissues. Based on a comparison with extant material plus biophysical and biochemical analyses of the cytoplasm degrading process, a new hypothesis for cytoplasm preservation in nature is proposed： high temperature, a concomitant of commonly seen wildfires, may preserve cytoplasm in fossil plants. This hypothesis implies that fossilized cytoplasm should be rather common and an appropriate substance for research, unlike previously thought. Research on fossil cytoplasm closely integrates paleobotany with biochemistry, biophysics, as well as fire ecology, and invites inputs from these fields to paleobotany to interpret these provocative findings. 相似文献
45.
Long steel piles with large diameters have been more widely used in the field of ocean engineering.Owing to the pile with a large diameter,soil plug development during pile driving has great influences on pile driveability and beating capacity.The response of soil plug developed inside the open-ended pipe pile during the dynamic condition of pile-driving is different from the response under the static condition of loading during service.This paper addresses the former aspect.A numerical procedure for soil plng effect prediction and pile driveability analysis is proposed and described.By taking into consideration of the pile dimension effect on side and tip resistance,this approach introduces a dimensional coefficient to the conventional static equilibrium equations for the plug differential unit and proposes an improved static equity method for the plug effect prediction.At the same time,this approach introduces a simplified model by use of one-dimensional stress wave equation to simulate the interaction between soft ping and pile inner wall.The proposed approach has been applied in practical engineering analyses.Results show that the calculated plug effect and pile driveability based on the proposed approach agree well with the observed data. 相似文献
46.
通过分析阿尔金—龙门山地学断面的地震资料,建立了该剖面的地壳纵波速度结构。研究结果表明,阿尔金北侧的塔里木盆地地区莫霍面为50km,而在其南侧的祁连地块莫霍面突然加深至73km,在柴达木盆地莫霍面又抬升至58km左右,然后,在松潘甘孜地块莫霍面降至70km,并呈现为台阶状向龙门山方向抬升到60km左右,最低速层,而在其南部地区则没有低速层出现,推测低速层为地壳中部的局部熔融物质,阿尔金—龙门山剖面上的两个莫霍面坳陷区分别与祁连地块和松潘—甘孜地块上的两个莫霍面坳陷区相对应,指示出这个两个地块具有较深的山根,青藏高原北部的巨厚地壳很可能是由于中生代以来发生的印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞时受到来自东西及南北方向的挤压,使地壳缩短所致。 相似文献
47.
Patrick J.BAROSH 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4)
Dextral-slip thrust movement of the Songpan-Garze terrain over the Sichuan block caused the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008 and offset the Central Longmenshan Fault (CLF) along a distance of-250 km. Displacement along the CLF changes from Yingxiu to Qingchuan. The total oblique slip of up to 7.6 m in Yingxiu near the epicenter of the earthquake, decreases northeastward to 5.3 m, 6.6 m, 4.4 m, 2.5 m and 1.1 m in Hongkou, Beichuan, Pingtong, Nanba and Qingchuan, respectively. This offset apparently occurred during a sequence of four reported seismic events, EQ1-EQ4, which were identified by seismic inversion of the source mechanism. These events occurred in rapid succession as the fault break propagated northeastward during the earthquake. Variations in the plunge of slickensides along the CLF appear to match these events. The Mw 7.5 EQ1 event occurred during the first 0-10 s along the Yingxiu-Hongkou section of the CLF and is characterized by 1.7 m vertical slip and vertical slickensides. The Mw 8.0 EQ2 event, which occurred during the next 10-42 s along the Yingxiu-Yanziyan section of the CLF, is marked by major dextral-slip with minor thrust and slickensides plunging 25°-35° southwestward. The Mw 7.5 EQ3 event occurred during the following 42-60 s and resulted in dextral-slip and slickensides plunging 10° southwestward in Beichuan and plunging 73° southwestward in Hongkou. The Mw 7.7 EQ4 event, which occurred during the final 60-95 s along the Beichuan-Qingchuan section of the CLF, is characterized by nearly equal values of dextral and vertical slips with slickensides plunging 45°-50° southwestward. These seismic events match and evidently controlled the concentrations of landslide dams caused by the Wenchuan earthquake in Longmenshan Mountains. 相似文献
48.
基于炮集数据的常规叠前深度偏移波场外推的计算量非常大,控制照明叠前深度偏移是基于快速的组合炮技术,通过在目的层上控制震源波场,高效实现对地质目标的高质量成像. 组合炮所需的合成算子,由在目的层定义的震源波场反向外推到地表建立. 本文提出一种更快速的地表旋转控制照明方法,直接在地表对震源波场进行面向目标的照明控制,实现目标区域高质量成像. 该方法只需对某一核合成算子进行简单的几何旋转建立合成算子函数,避免了复杂的波场外推. 这种新的控制照明方法与快速的一般组合炮偏移效率相同,但对复杂目标区域的成像能力显著增强. 应用本文方法对Marmousi模型进行计算,得到深层复杂构造非常理想的成像结果. 相似文献
49.
The effect of seasonally reversing monsoons in the northern Indian Ocean is to impart significant changes in surface salinity(SS).Here,we report SS changes during the last 32 kyr in the Lakshadweep Sea(southeastern Arabian Sea)estimated from paired measurements of δ~(18)O and sea surface temperature(SST)using Globigerinoides sacculifer,an upper mixed layer dwelling foraminifera.The heaviest δ~(18)O_(G.sacculifer)(-0.07±0.08‰)is recorded between 23 and 15 ka,which could be defined as the last glacial maxi... 相似文献
50.
应用人工爆破地震波层析成像方法勘探地下速度结构。在海域、山地多种地质条件下进行了地震波层析成像方法定量勘探研究。依勘探目标体而异,通过设计震源频率、震源和观测仪器布局,提高观测分辨率,实现定量高精度速度结构勘探研究。勘探最大深度可达Moho界面;山地最高分辨率可达3 m。结果显示了该方法在近海区域和山区不同地质条件的适用性及不同勘探深度与勘探精度的实用性。在日本九州近海地域勘测中,同时使用了反射与折射2种走时资料,可以同时改善水平及垂向的分辨率。成像图显示了地下结构详细特征,如任意斜向的凹凸形状,或高角度逆冲错断构造,分辨率达到10 m。同时显示出这些复杂几何体的埋藏深度。结果表明,诸如地下断层形状,资源矿藏储舱结构异常体的复杂几何形状,都可期望在层析成像技术的勘探分辨能力之内。它对于地下结构研究,矿产资源勘探,工程环境地质研究都有重要意义。结果也显示了成像方法的运算收敛速度和计算稳定性在结构勘探中是适用的。 相似文献