网络三维GIS空间数据存储及动态拓扑方法北大核心CSCD     

周鹏刘星谭浩 《测绘科学》2018,(10):137-143

针对当前网络环境下三维GIS在拓扑关系的建立与表达、地学数据共享和互操作方面存在的不足,该文提出了一种网络环境下的三维实体拓扑关系构建方法。以关系数据模型来表达点、线、面、体及复杂体5类拓扑元素间的拓扑关系,结合插件式虚拟现实技术,在分布式结构下建立真三维实体的网络发布平台,并实现了三维模型的可视化和三维空间实体拓扑关系的查询。研究表明,该方法能根据三维空间拓扑关系快速重建地理实体,为三维空间数据的交互和共享、网络环境下的真三维空间分析提供新的方案。  相似文献   

颗粒沉降问题的高解析度CFD-DEM-IBM流固耦合数值模拟方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

底瑛棠  赵兰浩  毛佳 《水科学进展》2021,32(2):286-294

为实现颗粒沉降问题的精确数值模拟,探索稠密颗粒两相流中流体与颗粒间的影响机制,基于浸入边界法（IBM）,建立了高解析度CFD-DEM-IBM流固耦合数值模拟方法。分别通过流体动力学方法（CFD）及离散单元法（DEM）描述连续流体及非连续颗粒,引入浸入边界法处理颗粒移动边界,并在Navier-Stokes动量方程中附加体力项以体现流固相互作用,采用交错迭代算法在同一时间步内多次迭代求解直至收敛以实现流固间的强耦合。通过单、双、群颗粒的沉降行为模拟,结果表明:与传统CFD-DEM方法相比,该方法能够准确考虑颗粒间及流固两相间的相互作用,获得高解析度的流场信息。模拟结果与前人数值计算结果吻合,验证了该方法的准确性与有效性及其对稠密颗粒两相流问题的适用性与优越性。  相似文献   

中扬子区奥陶系庙坡组底界穿时的生物地层学证据     

宋妍妍  张元动  王志浩  方翔  马譞  刘鹏举 《地层学杂志》2018,(2)

奥陶系庙坡组在中扬子地区广泛分布,其中湖北宜昌真金、重庆城口大槽和蓼子口等地的庙坡组均含丰富的桑比期笔石动物群,为华南桑比期地层的高精度划分对比提供了重要依据。宜昌地区庙坡组自下而上可识别出中奥陶统达瑞威尔阶"Hustedograptus teretiusculus带"和上奥陶统桑比阶的Nemagraptus gracilis带;城口地区的庙坡组底界已进入N.gracilis带上部,比宜昌的庙坡组之底高出半个甚至一个笔石带。这一现象证实庙坡组底界在中扬子区具有明显的穿时性。  相似文献   

南海西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis胃组织微塑料沉积特性研究     

陆化杰  刘凯  陈子越  宁欣  王洪浩  何静茹  陈炫妤 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(1):187-194

随着微塑料在全球海洋环境和鱼类中被发现,海洋微塑料污染越来越受到各界学者的关注。然而头足类微塑料的研究甚少,南海鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)对微塑料的摄取特性的研究更是未见报道。根据2020年3~5月中国生产调查船于南海西沙群岛海域采集的36尾鸢乌贼样本,对其胃组织微塑料沉积特性进行了研究。结果表明,36尾鸢乌贼样本中有33尾胃组织中发现微塑料,共计88个,单个样本微塑料含量介于0~6个,平均为2.44个。微塑料长度范围为0.121~2.748 mm,平均为0.878mm,且75.0%的微塑料长度小于1mm;颜色包括黑色(39.8%)、蓝色(31.8%)、透明(10.2%)、白色(6.8%)、红色(6.8%)和黄色(4.6%)6种,材质主要由棉(cotton)(50.0%)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(21.6%)、人造丝(Rayon)(10.2%)、聚酯纤维(Polyester)(9.1%)、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(Styrofoam)(4.5%)、聚乙烯(PE)(2.3%)和丙烯酸塑料(acrylic)(2.3%)7种组成。相关性分析表明,南海鸢乌贼胃组织微塑料的含量与胃重、摄食强度无显著相关性,但与平均胴长、体重、年龄呈显著线性相关。研究结果认为,南海鸢乌贼胃组织微塑料的沉积随着个体的生长而逐渐积聚,这种积聚与自身生长可能呈对数函数关系(a>1)。  相似文献   

深圳大鹏湾一次球形棕囊藻藻华的发生过程及成因分析     

刘悦  李丽  翟晓辉  周娟  叶鹏浩  黄盛东 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(3):164-171

2021年1月下旬深圳大鹏湾沿岸海域发生球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)藻华。为了探究球形棕囊藻藻华发生动态特征及其影响因素, 于1月20日至2月1日系统调查分析了藻华发生过程中浮游植物优势种演替、球形棕囊藻囊体数量、营养盐水平以及其他环境因素的变化。结果表明: 1月20日, 中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)为绝对优势种, 1月21日球形棕囊藻囊体开始出现, 1月25日囊体数量达到最高, 达69colonies·L^-1; 1月27日红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)藻华出现, 随后球形棕囊藻藻华逐渐消退。灰关联分析显示, 铵盐和硝酸盐是影响球形棕囊藻囊体丰度的最主要因素。水体扰动和球形棕囊藻在磷限制条件下的竞争优势也可能有利于球形棕囊藻藻华的发生。红色赤潮藻藻华可能是球形棕囊藻藻华消退的主要原因。球形棕囊藻藻华的发生和消亡是各种理化因素和生物因素共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

中国亚热带植被蒸腾驱动力解耦分析     

金佳鑫  蔡裕龙  郭熙  王龙浩  王颖  刘元波 《地理学报》2023,(7):1779-1791

植被蒸腾（Tc）是水循环的重要组成部分。土壤水分（SM）和饱和水汽压差（VPD）是Tc的关键驱动因素,探讨其对Tc的影响有助于加深生态系统对气候变化响应机制的认识。然而有关VPD和SM对Tc变化的相对贡献尚不清楚,主要原因在于SM和VPD通过陆地—大气相互作用强烈耦合,阻碍了SM、VPD对Tc独立影响程度的量化。本文基于气象再分析资料、遥感土壤水分、蒸腾以及土地覆盖数据等多源数据,采用当前较为先进的“分箱解耦法”,分析2003—2018年中国亚热带植被蒸腾主导驱动力。通过对SM和VPD数据相关性解耦发现,研究区Tc随SM增加呈现出先上升后保持稳定的趋势,而随VPD增加Tc变化幅度较小;总体而言,SM对Tc变化的相对贡献更高,约为VPD对Tc相对贡献的5倍;不同植被类型Tc对SM和VPD的敏感性有所差异,尽管4种植被类型Tc对SM的敏感性均大于VPD的敏感性,但4种植被Tc对SM响应的阈值不同,其中森林（常绿阔叶林除外）的阈值最低（约为35%）,短木植被的阈值最高（约为55%）,表明不同植被生态对策的差异。此外,为验证结论的可信性,本文基于光合与蒸腾的强耦合关系,利用太阳诱导叶绿素荧光（...  相似文献   

中国市域间日常人口流动特征及影响因素     

施响  王士君  王冬艳  浩飞龙  李卓伟 《地理科学》2022,42(11):1889-1899

基于腾讯位置大数据,分析了2015—2018年中国368个城市间人口流动的空间格局,并基于指数随机图模型（ERGM）识别了与人口流入、流出相关的影响因素。研究发现：① 人口流动的空间分布格局相对稳定,形成了以京、深、沪、穗、蓉、莞为“中枢”的菱形空间结构。② 通过社区划分得到的城市子群结构表明,社区间呈现明显的地理临近和省际分异特征,既形成了以省会城市为核心、受省界制约明显的中心–腹地结构的小型城市子群,也形成了跨越省界的多中心结构的大型城市子群,但大部分城市以省界为主要流动圈层,省域内人口流动更为密切。③ ERGM模型确定的人口流入、流出网络影响因素与新古典经济学理论相一致,人口规模、城市化水平、时间成本、经济成本等市场因素和经济因素在人口流动中仍然具有主导性作用。④ 城市对外来人口的吸引力更大程度上取决于自身的属性特征,而城市人口外流更依赖于外部网络关联要素,一定程度上验证了推拉理论中城市“拉力”的主导力量,以及各类距离因素的综合作用。  相似文献   

旧石器时代至商周时期贵州遗址空间分布及其自然环境背景(英文)     

李开封  朱诚  姜逢清  李冰  王鑫浩  曹波  赵小帆 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(3):526-538

This study presents an analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of 230 archaeological sites in Guizhou Province, Southwest China for three selected time periods from the Paleolithic Age to the Shang-Zhou Dynasties. The relationship between archaeological sites distribution and environmental changes is also discussed based on paleo-environmental proxies of δ18O and δ13C recorded in stalagmites from Southwest China. The results show that: in the Paleolithic Age(260–10 ka BP), archaeological sites were concentrated in the central, northwestern and southwestern parts of Guizhou, where the high-altitudinal karst landforms with many natural caves suitable for human habitation are developed. In the Neolithic Age(10–3.6 ka BP), most of human settlements were concentrated in the central, northwestern and southwestern parts, while, a fewer sites were found on river terraces in the southern and eastern parts, and the intermontane basins in the central and western Guizhou. During the Shang-Zhou Dynasties(3.6–2.2 ka BP), the sites were mainly distributed in the intermontane basins and on river terraces, which were suitable for primitive aerial farming. The analysis of paleo-environmental proxies of δ18O and δ13C since 260 ka BP suggested that climate fluctuations had little impact on human settlements in this study area. The distinct physical environment, especially the spatial patterns of karst landforms and arable land played an important role in the archaeological sites distribution of Guizhou.  相似文献   

全新世浙江地区气候变化对史前文化的影响(英文)     

吴立  朱诚  郑朝贵  马春梅  王鑫浩  李枫  李冰  李开封 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(4)

The temporal-spatial distribution features of prehistoric cultures since the Holocene in Zhejiang region were comparatively analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis. Results show that the prehistoric cultures expanded gradually in this region before 4000 cal. a BP. The notable expansions occurred twice, one in the Majiabang-Hemudu cultural period, the other in the Liangzhu cultural period. Meanwhile, the prehistoric cultures were disseminated from west to east coast along river valleys. After 4000 cal. a BP, as represented by the Maqiao Culture, the distributed area of each prehistoric culture contracted. This is obviously due to the termination of spreading trends to east coast, which was simultaneously accompanied by two different modes of production and economic transitions in the north and south Zhejiang region respectively. The distribution of prehistoric cultures was closely related with Holocene sea-level fluctuations, especially on the banks of Hangzhou Bay, where the distribution changes of prehistoric cultural sites were greatly affected by sea-level changes, with the closest relationships between them. After 7000 cal. a BP, the process of lowered sea-level and regression-epeirogenesis provided wider terrestrial living spaces for prehistoric inhabitants. Based on the comparative analyses of the changes of prehistoric cultures and the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qianmutian subalpine peat of Mt. Tianmu and muddy area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea, it is indicated that the changes of prehistoric cultures were synchronized with environmental changes in Zhejiang region. Before 4000 cal. a BP, the eastward expansion of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the background of the Holocene Optimum, and was the expansion and extension under the joint influences of agricultural civilization and maritime civilization. However, after 4000 cal. a BP, the geographical contraction of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the back-ground of dry-cold climate trend and deterioration of coastal marine environment. It is evidenced from the above fact that the development, expansion and contraction of prehistoric cultures are positively correlated to environmental change. The change of the climatic environment is just the underlying reason for these changes and transitions of production modes and economic forms. Therefore, the climatic environment is the dominant factor of prehistoric culture vicissitudes in Zhejiang region, which has exerted great influence on distribution, dissemination, expansion and transmutation of the culture.  相似文献   

我国农村震害及农居地震安全工程典型案例分析          下载免费PDF全文

张守洁  朱泽  哈辉  高晓明 《地震工程学报》2013,35(4):936-944

对2000年以采中国大陆30多个5.0≤M_s≤7.0地震和部分5级以下地震灾害损失资料进行统计分析,总结归纳出农村典型的震害特征,得到一些震害的经验教训和启示。通过总结归纳近年来新疆、甘肃、海南等地实施农居地震安全工程的典型案例和成功经验,提出了进一步推进农居地震安全工程、提高农村民居抗震设防水平的对策建议。  相似文献