热带太平洋海洋环流与暖池的结构特征、变异机理和气候效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王凡  胡敦欣  穆穆  王启  何金海  朱江  刘志宇 《地球科学进展》2012,27(6):595-602

热带西太平洋暖池是引发强烈的大气对流、驱动Walker环流和Hadley环流系统的主要热源之一,对全球、尤其是东亚气候有重要影响。针对我国在提升气候预测水平方面的重大和迫切需求,国家重点基础研究发展计划项目"热带太平洋海洋环流与暖池的结构特征、变异机理和气候效应"于2011年7月正式立项。项目拟解决的关键科学问题包括:①调控暖池形成和变异的海洋环流多尺度相互作用过程;②海洋动力过程在暖池热盐结构变异中的作用及其机理;③暖池变异对不同类型El Nio影响机理的异同和对东亚季风变异的调制机理。围绕上述关键科学问题,项目将以暖池变异为中心,关注影响和控制暖池结构与变异的关键海洋过程,以及暖池海气相互作用影响ENSO循环、东亚季风年际变异的过程和机理,重点组织开展以下3个方面有针对性的调查研究:①热带太平洋环流和暖池的结构和变异特征;②热带太平洋环流与暖池相互作用的关键过程和机理;③暖池变异的海洋—大气耦合过程及其气候效应。在此基础上,项目将力争阐明暖池影响东亚季风和我国气候变异的过程、机理与敏感区,改进模式的混合参数化方案,提出有效提高ENSO预报技巧的同化方案,为我国短期气候预测能力的提高提供科学支撑。  相似文献   

Seasonal and intraseasonal variations of the surface Taiwan Warm Current   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔茂常胡敦欣  吴玲娟 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(3):271-277

To study seasonal and intraseasonal variations of the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) in detail Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) and Extended Associate Pattern Analysis (EAPA) are jointly adopted with daily sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) datasets covering 1126 days from American Navy Experimental Real-Time East Asian Seas Ocean Nowcast System in the present paper. Results show that the first and second REOFs of SST in the southern East China Sea (SECS) account for 50.8% and 39.8% of the total variance. The surface TWC contains persistent (multi-year mean), seasonal and intraseasonal components. The persistent one mainly inosculates with the Kuroshio but the seasonal and intraseasonal ones are usually active only on the continental shelf. Its persistent component is produced by inertial flow of the Kuroshio, however its seasonal and intraseasonal ones seems coming from seasonal and intraseasonal oscillations of monsoon force. The seasonal one reaches its maximum in late summer,lasting about four months and the intraseasonal one takes place at any seasons, lasting more than 40 days.  相似文献   

Current observations in the southern Yellow Sea in summer     

唐晓晖  王凡  陈永利  白虹  胡敦欣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(3):217-223

Current data from three moored Acoustic Doppler Profilers (ADPs) deployed in the southern Yellow Sea at sites A (1-24.17°E, 34.82°N), B (122.82°E, 35.65°N) in summer 2001 and site C (120.85°E, 34.99°N) in summer 2003 were analyzed in this paper. Features of the tidal and residual currents were studied with rotary spectral and cross-spectral methods. Main achievements were as follows: 1) Tides dominated the currents. At sites A and B, the semidiurnal tidal current was basically homogeneous in the whole depth, taking a clockwise rotation at site A, and near-rectilinear counterclockwise rotation at site B; while the diurnal tidal current was strong and clockwise near the surface, but decreased and turned counterclockwise with depth; at site C, semidiurnal tidal current dominated and diurnal current took the second, both of which were counterclockwise and vertically homogeneous. Inertial motion contributed to the clockwise component of diurnal fluctuations; 2) The 3-5d fluctuation of residual current w  相似文献   

Surface circulation patterns observed by drifters in the Yellow Sea in summer of 2001, 2002 and 2003   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

庞重光  梁兼霞  胡敦欣  王凡  陈永利  白虹  白学志 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(3):209-216

In summer of 2001, 2002 and 2003, ten, six and seventeen satellite-tracked surface drifters with drogues centered at 15 and 4 m were deployed, respectively, in the southern Yellow Sea (YS). 23 drifters of them transmitted useful data of at least 30 days. The wind-driven component of the drift was removed from the original drift velocity of drifters. The wind data used are from NCEP (National Center for Environmental Prediction), USA.Trajectories and drift velocities of the 23 drifters depicted the upper circulation structure in the southern YS. There exists an anti-cyclonic eddy with a mean speed and radius of 0.063 m/s and 50km in the central southern YS, whose center lingered within 35.3-36.0°N / 123.5-124.0°E. Showed by 6 drifters, a basin-scale elliptic cyclonic gyre with a mean speed of 0.114 m/s, long and short radius of 250 and 200 km surrounds the anti-cyclonic eddy. In the southwestern part of the southern YS has obvious frontal eddy activities within about 100 km with a mean speed about 0.076  相似文献   

Numerical Study of Water and Suspended Matter Exchange Between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

庞重光  白学志  胡敦欣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(3):214-221

INTRODUCTIONTheYellowSeaandtheEastChinaSea (ECS)aremarginalseasofthenorthwestPacificandhaveexpansivecontinentalshelves .TheuniqueandstrikingfeaturesoftheYellowSeaandtheECSarethattheyhavestrongtidalcurrent;aresubjecttostrongmonsooninfluence ;andreceiveinflowfromthebiggestriverinChina ,theChangjiangRiver ;andthatthefamouswesternboundarycurrent,theKuroshio ,passesthroughtheECS ,withitsbranchesintrudingupwardintothecontinentalshelfareas.Generallyspeaking ,thewaterexchangecapacityofthe…  相似文献   

Interannual variations of North Equatorial Current transport in the Pacific Ocean during two types of El Niño     

吴国丽  翟方国  胡敦欣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(3):585-596

Interannual variations of Pacific North Equatorial Current (NEC) transport during eastern-Pacific El Niños (EP-El Niños) and central-Pacific El Niños (CP-El Niños) are investigated by composite analysis with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Ocean Analysis/Reanalysis System 3. During EP-El Niño, NEC transport shows significant positive anomalies from the developing to decay phases, with the largest anomalies around the mature phase. During CP-El Niño, however, the NEC transport only shows positive anomalies before the mature phase, with much weaker anomalies than those during EP-El Niño. The NEC transport variations are strongly associated with variations of the tropical gyre and wind forcing in the tropical North Pacific. During EP-El Niño, strong westerly wind anomalies and positive wind stress curl anomalies in the tropical North Pacific induce local upward Ekman pumping and westward-propagating upwelling Rossby waves in the ocean, lowering the sea surface height and generating a cyclonic gyre anomaly in the western tropical Pacific. During CP-El Niño, however, strength of the wind and associated Ekman pumping velocity are very weak. Negative sea surface height and cyclonic flow anomalies are slightly north of those during EP El Niño.  相似文献   

RESPONSE OF THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC THERMOHALINE STRUCTURE TO WIND VARIATION     

胡敦欣  David Halpern 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1986,(2)

During the Global Weather Experiment oceanographic measurements were recorded during winter and summer in the western Pacific region 5°S-5°N,160°E-175°E. The variations of the upper ocean temperature and salinity fields were produced by the large seasonal and spatial wind fluctuations. The vertical temperature structure of the thermocline at the equator, the meridional slope of the thermocline south of the equator, and the northward penetration of high salinity water were related to the direction and intensity of the zonal wind-stress.  相似文献   

反演模式与贝塔螺旋法结合算出的西太平洋体积输送(英文)     

胡敦欣  崔茂常  李永祥 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(4)

Wunsch提出的反演模式已被人们广泛用于大洋中的环流计算。贝塔螺旋(Beta Spiral)技术也被广泛用于海洋中单站三维流速的计算。本文旨在利用“科学一号”考察船一九八九年十月在西太平洋取得的CTD资料,以这两种方法相结合,优化算出该海域的流速场和体积输送量。  相似文献   

渤、黄、东海海流和潮汐共同作用下的悬浮物输运、沉积及其季节变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

庞重光  白学志  胡敦欣 《海洋科学集刊》2004,46(46):32-41

渤、黄、东海是一个水动力状况相当复杂的半封闭宽陆架海，本海区悬浮颗粒物含量高，季节变化明显，影响范围广，是世界上悬浮物含量最高的海域之一。对于该海域悬浮物的输运沉积过程、分布规律以及底质分布等中外学者均进行过比较深入的研究(秦蕴珊，1963； Honjo et al.，1974；Milliman et al.，1985，1986；秦蕴珊等，1987，1989；杨作升等，1992；Li et al.，1997；孙效功等，2000；雷坤等，2001)。然而，以往的研究大都基于实际海洋调查资料，由于受实测资料在时间和空间覆盖范围上的限制，很难从整体上把握渤、黄、东海陆架区悬浮物输运的时间和空间变化规律。数值模拟的方法能很好地克服上述局限，已有学者从不同角度对渤、黄、东海的某些海域的悬浮物进行了模拟研究。 董礼先等(1989)首先模拟了在二维潮流场作用下，黄、渤海推移质和悬移质的输运状况，得出潮流作用下海底的冲淤状况。Graber等(1989)利用有限水深的风浪模型、模拟了风浪对悬浮物输运、沉积的作用。Yanagi等(1995)用拉格朗日粒子追踪方法对整个东中国海冬季悬浮物的输运、沉积过程进行了计算。江文胜等(2000，2001)考虑了风等气象要素、外海传入的潮波的作用、悬浮物的沉降及再悬浮机制，对渤海中悬浮物的浓度进行了数值模拟。 海洋环流、潮汐、潮流和波浪均对悬浮物的输运与沉积产生影响，尤其在中陆架和外陆架地区，环流对悬浮物的长期输运起决定性作用，因此以往仅针对潮流、风浪作用的模拟很不完整，其结果与实际情况的差别也会较大。其次，海水的流动处在不断变化之中，小到日变化、月变化，大到季节变化、年际变化，因此定常风场、定常温盐场的环流模拟，即诊断流场并不符合实际情形。本文将首先对渤、黄、东海月平均风场、温盐场作用下的环流场进行模拟，进而探讨环流以及潮汐、潮流共同作用下的悬浮物输运过程及其季节变化规律。  相似文献   

秋末南黄海的透光度及其与环流的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵保仁  胡敦欣  熊庆成 《海洋科学集刊》1986,(27):97-106

随着现代光学仪器的发展，人们越来越多地利用海水的浊度、透光度或光束的吸收系数等在海洋中的分布来讨论海流、水团混合、海洋锋面等水文现象，以此作为温、盐等水文资料的重要补充。例如，Drake用表层海水的透光度揭示了Santa Barbar海峡中的环流状态。Matsuike和Morinaga曾用日本南岸黑潮区域中的光束吸收系数揭示了沿岸水进人黑潮主流的混合现象。Matsuike 等用光束吸收系数研究了长江冲淡水与外海高盐水之间和黄海沿岸水与东海高盐水之间的锋面特征。上述研究都是卓有成效的。 然而，在我国还很少使用过类似的方法来研究有关的海洋水文现象。1983年11月在中美南黄海环流与沉积动力学联合调查研究的首航调查中，使用25cm光程的透光度计(Transmissometer)精确地测定了南黄海的透光度值。本文将以这些资料为基础，阐明南黄海透光度值的分布规律及其同南黄海的水团分布、环流状态、潮汐运动等水文现象之间的关系。 25cm光程透光度计用产生波长为660nm红光的发光二极管作光源，这种光源接近单色，在蒸馏水中经过25cm光程后，仪器测得的最大透光度值为90%。由于该仪器使用单色红光光源，海水中的腐植酸等黄色物质对它影响很小，因此测得的透光度值可较真实地反映海水中悬浮物含量的多少。调查中将透光度计的信号接入Mark-III型CTD的备用通道，因此它的取样速率同温、盐等要素一样。 本次调查共设7个断面，54个CTD观测站，测站和断面分布如图1所示。  相似文献