夏季东亚和印度热带季风环流系统动能和对流扰动的纬向传播特征   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

陈隆勋  高辉  何金海  陶诗言  金祖辉 《中国科学D辑》2004,34(2):171-179

使用1980~1997年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及日本的TBB/GMS资料讨论了亚洲季风系统中印度和东亚两个子系统中热带季风变化(扰动)源地及变化后的纬向传播特性. 18a的结果表明, 在夏季热带季风主体的5º~15ºN范围内, 东亚夏季风系统中纬向风虽然为西风, 但绝大多数动能扰动和对流扰动均起源于140º~150ºE, 向西经南海传播到孟加拉湾(90º~100ºE). 而在印度夏季风系统中, 18a中有12a动能扰动起源于阿拉伯海向东传播到孟加拉湾, 东端抵达90ºE, 其余年份并无明显东西向传播特征. 因而, 在亚洲5º~15ºN夏季风主体区域内, 虽然均由西南季风控制, 但存在传播特性相反的东亚和印度两个子系统, 两个系统交界约在90º~95ºE, 比过去提出的交界经度105ºE更偏西一些. 以上结果也表明东亚夏季风环流系统在东西方向上主要受热带西太平洋影响而不是受来自孟加拉湾的印度季风影响. 相反, 印度季风环流系统除了受阿拉伯海影响外还部分受东亚季风系统影响.  相似文献   

中国地区云的气候特征分析   总被引：52，自引：2，他引：52  

刘洪利  朱文琴  宜树华  李维亮  陈隆勋  白立杰 《气象学报》2003,61(4):466-473

文中对比分析了国际卫星云气候计划(ISCC)的D2资料和地面测站云资料,发现二者总云量的整体分布和气候变化都比较一致,但定量上略有差别,尤其是中国北方地区差别较大。ISCCP资料比较齐全,尤其在站点稀少的高原、荒漠地区比其他云资料更有优势。文中分析了中国云的气候特征,发现在华北地区和南海北部的总云量有减少的趋势;四川盆地、长江三角洲等地区存在低云量异常减少的现象;而在天山、帕米尔高原、柴达木盆地、横断山脉等地区存在低云量增加的趋势。文中特别指出西北山区常年维持着的相对稳定的多云带,云层深厚、含水量大,有利于进行进行人工增雨作业。  相似文献   

VARIATIONS OF 30—60 DAY OSCILLATION IN ATMOSPHERE BEFORE AND DURING 1982 EL NINO          下载免费PDF全文

陈隆勋  邵永宁 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,(4)

By using the upper-wind data from July 1980 to June 1983,the variations of the low-frequency oscillation(LFO)in the atmosphere before and during 1982 El Nino have been investigated.Before the El Nino,the LFOpropagates from west to east over the equator of the Eastern Hemisphere and from east to west over 20°N.The eastward propagating LFO over the equator consists of zonal wavenumber 1 propagating eastward andzonal wavenumber 2 with a character of stationary wave.The oscillation of zonal wavenumber 2 can modulatethe oscillation strength.After the onset of the El Nino,the propagating directions of the LFO over the equatorand 20°N of the Eastern Hemisphere change to be westward and eastward,respectively.The LFO over thewestern Pacific weakens rapidly and one coming from middle and high latitudes propagates to the equator.From the phase compositions of streamline fields for the zonal wavenumber 1 of equatorial westward propa-gatirg LFO,it is found that the atmospheric heat source in the equator of the eastern Pacific(EEP)excites aseries of the equatorial cyclones and anticyclones which move northward and westward and form the westwardpropagating LFO over the equator.With the wavelength of 20000km,this kind of equatorial wave is similarto the mixing Rossby-gravity wave.In its westward and northward movement,the circulation in East Asiais modified.This may be the mechanism of the influence of El Nino on the climate of China.  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN CHANGJIANG DELTA AND ITS POSSIBLE MECHANISM   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

陈隆勋  朱文琴  周秀骥 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,(2)

Characteristics of climate change in the Changjiang Delta were analyzed based on the annualmean meteorological data since 1961,including air temperature,maximum and minimum airtemperature,precipitation,sunshine duration and visibility at 48 stations in that area(southernJiangsu and northern Zhejiang),and its adjacent areas(northern Jiangsu,eastern Anhui andsouthern Zhejiang),together with the environmental data.The results indicate that it is gettingwarmer in the Changjiang Delta and cooler in adjacent areas,thus the Changjiang Delta becomes a bigheat island,containing many little heat islands consisting of central cities,in which Shanghai City isthe strongest heat island.The intensity of heat islands enhances as economic development goes up.From the year 1978.the beginning year of reform and opening policy,to the year 1997,the intensityof big heat island of Changjiang Delta has increased 0.5℃ and Shanghai heat island increased 0.8℃.However.since 1978 the constituents of SO_2,NO_x and TSP(total suspended particles)in theatmosphere,no matter whether in the Changjiang Delta or in the adjacent areas,have all increased,but pH values of precipitation decreased.In the meantime,both sunshine duration and visibility arealso decreased,indicating that there exists a mechanism for climate cooling in these areas.Ouranalyses show that the mechanism for climate warming in the Changjiang Delta may be associatedwith heating increase caused by,economic development and increasing energy consumption.It isestimated that up to 1997 the intensity of warming caused by this mechanism in the Changjiang Deltahas reached 0.8—0.9℃,about 4—4.5 times as large as the mean values before 1978.Since then,the increase rate has become 0. 035℃/a for the Changjiang Delta.It has reached 1.3℃ for Shanghaiin 1997,about 12—13 times as large as the mean values before 1978.This is a rough estimation ofincreasing energy consumption rate caused by economic development.  相似文献   

海气陆相互作用的准四年振荡机制     

陈隆勋  赵平 《气象科学》2000,21(3):249-259

目前有关Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ（Ｌａ Ｎｉｎａ）形成机制的讨论,大多是强调海气的相互作用。实际上地气互作用过程中形成的异常气流对于Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ／Ｌａ Ｎｉｎａ的形成也是必不可少的,海气和地气相互作用过程应该是耦合的,不应该加以分离。本文综合了近年来我们得到的有关研究结果,提出了一个海气陆相互作用过程的准四年振荡过程,用来解释Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎａ形成机制和亚洲大陆气候年际变化机制。  相似文献   

AN EAST ASIAN SUBTROPICAL SUMMER MONSOON INDEX DEFINED BY MOISTURE TRANSPORT   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

梁萍  汤绪  何金海  陈隆勋 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2008,14(1):61-64

Using daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset and observation rainfall data in China for the 1971- 2000 period, a subtropical summer monsoon index has been defined by meridional moisture transport of the total atmosphere column. Results show that the subtropical summer monsoon index defined by the difference of meridional moisture transport between South China and North China can be used to describe the intensity of the subtropical summer monsoon. High (low) index is corresponding to strong (weak) subtropical summer monsoon. And the new index is well related to the summer rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. In addition, the convergence of moisture transport from the west Pacific via the South China Sea and that from the North China may be responsible for the anomalously excessive summer rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.  相似文献   

青藏高原土壤热交换的计算方案及初步分析     

段廷扬  陈隆勋  李维亮 《成都信息工程学院学报》1999,(2)

从地温满足的热传导方程出发,导出了计算土壤平均和瞬时热通量的计算方案。该计算方案可同时计算出土壤热通量随时间和随深度的变化。它利用整层的地温信息来计算任一层的热通量,这种方案克服了用差分方案进行直接计算的局限性。然后使用中日亚洲季风观测实验期间的地温自动观测站资料和相应的常规观测资料,计算了青藏高原上土壤热通量及其变化,结果表明,不论是常规观测站还是自动观测站,其结果与青藏高原第一次观测实验所用热流板的直接观测结果是相近的,因而这种计算方案是实用而有效的。  相似文献   

青藏高原气象要素的周期分析     

朱克云  王金兰  段廷扬  陈隆勋  李维亮  荻野  谷成德  佐藤威 《成都信息工程学院学报》1997,(1)

应用谱分析方法，分析了中日亚洲季风观测实验期间所使用的高原自动站冬夏两季气象资料在频域上的特征。结果表明，夏季有６～８ｄ、候、准４ｄ和２～２．４ｄ的振荡周期，冬季还存在１２ｄ即准两周的周期，还发现高原上的系统对四川盆地有影响。又用常系数物理系统的分析方法，研究了５００ｈＰａ高度场对热源分量的响应，发现对于短周期的温度波动，高度场几乎及时加以响应；对于中周期的温度波动，高度场要滞后１～２ｄ才能作出响应  相似文献   

地球向外长波辐射(OLR)资料所显示的热带环流季节特征和年际变化          下载免费PDF全文

谢安  陈隆勋  村上多喜雄 《海洋学报》1988,10(1):38-45

本文应用从卫星观测到的地球向外长波辐射资料所得到的气候学特征与其他资料的结果基本一致,经验正交函数分析所得到的前六个分量可分成两类,前三个分量属于稳定型,即它们的年际变化很小,很好地描述了低纬大气环流的季节特征.后三个分量,虽然它们的方差总和才12%,但具有很大的年际变化,是明显的不稳定型,它们较强的距平对流和下沉中心,太多在赤道附近,而且成对出现,这说明环流的异常与低纬沃克环流的强度变化有密切关系.本文之结果再一次证明,对于低纬大气环流的研究,地球向外长波辐射资料是一种很有用的资料.  相似文献   

夏季亚洲地区热带环流的中期振荡   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈隆勋  金祖辉  刘喜礼  施国强 《海洋学报》1983,5(5):575-586

不少学者对亚洲地区夏季热带大气环流的中期振荡作过研究[1-3]。总的说来,发现了4-5天,14天左右和40-50天三种周期的振荡。  相似文献