Features of seismicity in Xinjiang and its possible reason after the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake, 2008          下载免费PDF全文

Qiong Wang  Haitao Wang  Aiguo Xia 《地震科学（英文版）》2009,22(6):615-622

The paper discusses quantitatively the influence of the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake of March 21, 2008 and Wuqia M_S6.9 earthquake of October 5, 2008 on regional seismicity in Xinjiang, and explains primarily the possible reason of earthquake activity feature in Xinjiang after the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake by analyzing the static Coulomb failure stress change produced by the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake and Wuqia M_S6.9 earthquake, and the seismicity feature of M_S?≥3 earthquakes in the positive Coulomb stress change region of Kashi-Wuqia joint region, the central segment of Tianshan Mountain and Kalpin block. The result shows that the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake of March 21, 2008, may encourage the Wuqia M_S6.9 earthquake of October 5, 2008, and the Yutian M_S7.4 earthquake and Wuqia M_S6.9 earthquake may change the seismicity state in the central segment of Tianshan Mountain, Kalpin block and Kashi-Wuqia joint region, and encourage the subsequent M_S?≥3 earthquakes.

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Geomorphological hierarchies for complex mega-dunes and their implications for mega-dune evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Zhibao Dong  Guangqiang Qian  Wanyin Luo  Zhengcai Zhang  Shengchun Xiao  Aiguo Zhao 《Geomorphology》2009,106(3-4):180-185

The evolution of mega-dunes is sometimes attributed to factors other than the wind but evidence for this is lacking. It is assumed that the dominance of wind in maintaining the evolution of mega-dunes should be characterized by regular height–spacing relationships that have been found for simple dunes or wind ripples which are dominantly formed by the wind. In this context, we studied the height–spacing relationship for the complex reversing mega-dunes in the Badain Jaran Desert, which features the tallest mega-dunes in the world. The complex mega-dunes were divided into three hierarchical orders according to the cumulative probability plots of dune height and spacing measurements, and the coefficients of variability of dune heights and spacings were in accordance with values reported for other deserts. The relationship between dune spacing and height for all the three orders of dunes could be expressed reasonably well by a uniform linear function that was also applied to the height–wavelength relationship for wind ripples in other deserts. This relationship was found to be similar to those for several other deserts and subaqueous bedforms. This implies that there should be few unique factors in maintaining the evolution of complex mega-dunes in the Badain Jaran Desert compared with the superimposed simple dunes and dunes in other deserts, dune fields and subaqueous bedforms, and that the tallest mega-dunes on the earth can be maintained by the wind.  相似文献   

洋中脊构造及地震调查现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛雄伟  阮爱国  李家彪  丘学林 《华南地震》2009,29(4):72-84

介绍了洋中脊的全球分布和构造特征,对全球主要的、不同扩张速率的洋中脊进行了分类和列表描述;对洋中脊的构造特征,如地形特征、地壳厚度与扩张速率的关系及扩张轴下的岩浆房的特征、洋中脊与地幔柱的相互作用进行了阐述。回顾了海底地震仪在洋中脊构造调查中的应用及取得的主要成果。简要介绍了我国将用海底地震仪开展洋中脊构造调查的技术路线。  相似文献   

2011年7月份忻州市两次降水过程比较分析     

彭爱国  张婕  葛艳斌  刘海玉  翟素洁 《山西气象》2012,(2):8-11

本文利用常规探测资料,对造成忻州市2011年7月2日和29日两次强降水天气过程的主要影响系统和物理量场特征进行了对比分析。结果表明,两次过程虽然高空都存在西风槽,但主要影响系统不同,低层切变线性质不同,低空急流强度不同;物理量场特征存在明显差异,导致两次降水过程的降水强度、强降水落区、范围都不相同。  相似文献   

YCJF-30型全液压冲击反循环钻机的研制与应用          下载免费PDF全文

唐爱国 《探矿工程》2019,46(10):13-19

为满足不断增多的3 m口径钻孔灌注桩的施工要求,完善全液压冲击反循环钻机的系列规格,研制了额定施工口径为3 m的YCJF-30型全液压冲击反循环钻机。该钻机采用机、电、液一体化技术;采用独特的液压油缸冲击方式;差动双卷筒卷扬机提升能力强;配有液压步履,可方便左右前后移位以对正孔位;起塔、落塔为液压油缸控制,操作平稳、安全、省力;冲击锤头质量大（20 t）,破岩效率高;采用气举（或泵吸）反循环排渣,排渣能力强。生产试验证明,该钻机参数合理先进,性能可靠,自动化程度高,操作简单,维护容易,使用成本低,能适应各种地层施工,可选用气举和泵吸两种反循环排渣工艺。  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>-wave velocity structure and tectonic implications of the northwestern sub-basin and Macclesfield of the South China Sea     

Xiaodong Wei  Aiguo Ruan  Jiabiao Li  Xiongwei Niu  Zhenli Wu  Weiwei Ding 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2017,38(1-2):125-136

Based on the optimum P-wave model, the S-wave velocity structure of a wide angle seismic profile (OBS2006-1), across the northwestern sub-basin (NWSB) and the Macclesfield, is simulated by a 2-D ray-tracing method. The results indicate the S-wave velocities in the upper and lower crust of the NWSB are 3.2–3.6 km/s and 3.6–4.0 km/s, with Vp/Vs ratios of 1.82–1.88 and 1.74–1.82, respectively, which reflect typical oceanic crust characteristics. The S-wave velocity in the upper crust of the NWSB is a little higher in the NNW segment than that in the SSE segment, while the lateral variation of Vp/Vs ratio is in the opposite. We suggest that the NWSB might have experienced asymmetrical magma flows during sea floor spreading, which may have blurred the magnetic anomaly lineation. The comparison of S-wave velocities along the northern margin of the SCS shows that the west section is different from the east section, and the northwestern margin has a non-volcanic crust structure. The S-wave structures and P-wave velocity models along the northern margin, Macclesfield and Reed Bank show that the Macclesfield might have a conjugate relationship with the Reed Bank.  相似文献   

Crustal structure and mantle transition zone thickness beneath a hydrothermal vent at the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (49°39′E): a supplementary study based on passive seismic receiver functions     

Aiguo Ruan  Hao Hu  Jiabiao Li  Xiongwei Niu  Xiaodong Wei  Jie Zhang  Aoxing Wang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2017,38(1-2):39-46

As a supplementary study, we used passive seismic data recorded by one ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) station (49°41.8′E) close to a hydrothermal vent (49°39′E) at the Southwest Indian Ridge to invert the crustal structure and mantle transition zone (MTZ) thickness by P-to-S receiver functions to investigate previous active seismic tomographic crustal models and determine the influence of the deep mantle thermal anomaly on seafloor hydrothermal venting at an ultra-slow spreading ridge. The new passive seismic S-wave model shows that the crust has a low velocity layer (2.6 km/s) from 4.0 to 6.0 km below the sea floor, which is interpreted as partial melting. We suggest that the Moho discontinuity at ~9.0 km is the bottom of a layer (2–3 km thick); the Moho (at depth of ~6–7 km), defined by active seismic P-wave models, is interpreted as a serpentinized front. The velocity spectrum stacking plot made from passive seismic data shows that the 410 discontinuity is depressed by ~15 km, the 660 discontinuity is elevated by ~18 km, and a positive thermal anomaly between 182 and 237 K is inferred.  相似文献   

Experimental and numerical investigations of a catastrophic long-runout landslide in Zhenxiong,Yunnan, southwestern China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Yueping Yin  Aiguo Xing  Gonghui Wang  Zhen Feng  Bin Li  Yao Jiang 《Landslides》2017,14(2):649-659

On 11 January 2013, a catastrophic landslide of ～0.2 million m³ due to a prolonged low-intensity rainfall occurred in Zhenxiong, Yunnan, southwestern China. This landslide destroyed the village of Zhaojiagou and killed 46 people in the distal part of its path. The displaced landslide material traveled a horizontal distance of ～800 m with a vertical drop of ～280 m and stopped at 1520 m a.s.l. To examine the possible mechanism and behavior of the landslide from initiation to runout, the shear behavior of soil samples collected from the sliding surface and runout path was examined by means of ring shear tests. The test results show that the shear strength of sample from the sliding surface is less affected by shear rate while the shear rate has a negative effect on the shear strength of runout path material. It is suggested that the source and runout path materials follow the frictional and Voellmy rheology, respectively. Post-failure behavior of the landslide was modeled by using a DAN-W model, and the numerical results show that the selected rheological relationships and parameters based on the results of ring shear tests may provide good performance in modeling the Zhenxiong landslide.  相似文献   

Characteristics and numerical runout modelling of a catastrophic rock avalanche triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake in the Wenjia valley,Mianzhu, Sichuan,China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Aiguo Xing  Xiaoyi Yuan  Qiang Xu  Qihua Zhao  Heqing Huang  Qiangong Cheng 《Landslides》2017,14(1):83-98

The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake triggered more than 100 rock avalanches with volumes greater than 10 million cubic metres. The rock avalanche with the longest runout amongst these destructive landslides occurred in the Wenjia valley, Mianzhu, Sichuan, China. The landslide involved the failure of about 27.5 million cubic metres of sandstone from the source area. The displaced material travelled about 4,170 m with an elevation descent of about 1,360 m, equivalent to a fahrböschung of 16.9° and covered an area of 1.5 million square metres, with the final deposited volume of approximately 49 million cubic metres. The catastrophic event destroyed the village of Yanjing, killed 48 people and buried some houses at the mouth of the Wenjia valley. On the basis of a detailed field investigation, we introduce basic characteristics of the rock avalanche and find that the rock avalanche resulted in two run-ups and a superelevation along the runout path, and downslope enlargement due to the entrainment of path materials. A numerical model (DAN3D) is used to simulate the post-failure behaviour of the rock avalanche. By means of trial and error, a combination of the frictional model and Voellmy model is found to provide the best performance in simulating this rock avalanche. The simulation results reveal that the rock avalanche had a duration of about 240 s and an average velocity of 17.4 m/s.  相似文献   

软沉积物滑塌变形物理模拟及变形机理分析^*          下载免费PDF全文

陈俊飞  张昌民  朱锐  杨波  晏奇  卢晓林  朱爱国 《古地理学报》2017,19(1):139-146

软沉积物滑塌变形是一种地质现象,对于分析区域地质发展史和指导油气勘探具有重要的意义,近年来越来越受到地学界的重视。但大多数的研究是基于野外现象的定性观察描述,对其形成过程和成因机制的定量探究较少。笔者建立了一套斜坡背景下重力驱动的软沉积物滑塌变形物理模拟实验装置,并设计了完整的实验程序,利用具有不同黏滞系数的材料模拟地层,通过多次实验改变沉积箱坡度模拟不同的地层倾角,总结了软沉积物滑塌变形的演化模式: 滑塌开始,模拟地层逐渐隆起;随着地形坡度变大,滑塌褶皱依次发展成圆弧褶皱、紧密等斜褶皱,断裂产生后形成类似无根等斜褶皱和鞘褶皱的变形构造,直到地层趋于平稳。分析了软沉积物滑塌变形的机理: 软沉积物受到自身沿斜坡重力的驱动,发生滑塌,层与层之间的剪切效应导致软沉积物发生变形。  相似文献