大陆地震构造系统: 以青藏高原及邻区为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李德威  陈继乐  陈桂凡  梁桑 《地球科学》2014,39(12):1763-1775

青藏高原及邻区三角形发震构造域是全球大陆最显著的地震多发区.脆性活动断层及其弹性回跳模式无法合理解释该区深度集中分布在10~40 km的点状震源.针对发震构造和地震机理不明确这一重大科学问题, 以大陆动力学和地球系统动力学新思想为指导, 对青藏高原及邻区发震构造系统进行域、层、带、点相关研究, 阐明大陆地震构造系统的结构型式, 认为下地壳固态流变及其韧性剪切带是提供地震能量的孕震构造, 中地壳韧-脆性剪切带是累积地震能量的发震构造, 上地壳脆性断裂是释放地震能量的释震构造.在研究青藏高原及邻区地震构造系统及其形成背景的基础上, 进一步论证了大陆地震热流体撞击的形成机理: 地幔墙导致大洋中脊之下的软流圈热流物质层流到大陆特定部位汇聚加厚并底辟上升, 造成大陆下地壳部分熔融和固态流变, 并改变莫霍面的产状, 固态流变物质侧向非均匀流动, 形成大陆盆山体系, 流动的韧性下地壳与脆性上地壳之间具有韧-脆性剪切滑脱性质的中地壳不断积累由下地壳热能转换而来的应变能, 形成发震层, 震源定位于下地壳热流物质富集带("热河")中的固态-半固态流变物质撞击到强弱层块之间的构造边界, 不同热构造环境和撞击角度产生5种不同类型的地震.从而为大陆地震的科学预测奠定了全新的理论基础.   相似文献   

河南嵩县石盘钼矿床地质特征及区域找矿潜力分析          下载免费PDF全文

巴安民  殷建锋  刘荣慧  郎岩峰  张坤 《地质找矿论丛》2014,29(2):173-178

石盘钼矿是近年来在豫西钼多金属成矿带上发现的一个中型钼矿床。矿体产于燕山期合峪花岗岩体内外接触带,特别是岩体周边同期不同次的岩体侵入区域、岩体顶面的凸起部位是矿体赋存的有利部位。文章在讨论矿床成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征的基础上,对矿床成因及控矿因素、区域找矿潜力及找矿标志进行了探讨,指出了该类矿床的进一步找矿方向。  相似文献   

Effects of regional groundwater flow on the performance of an aquifer thermal energy storage system under continuous operation     

Kun Sang Lee 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(1):251-262

Numerical investigations and a thermohydraulic evaluation are presented for two-well models of an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system operating under a continuous flow regime. A three-dimensional numerical model for groundwater flow and heat transport is used to analyze the thermal energy storage in the aquifer. This study emphasizes the influence of regional groundwater flow on the heat transfer and storage of the system under various operation scenarios. For different parameters of the system, performances were compared in terms of the temperature of recovered water and the temperature field in the aquifer. The calculated temperature at the producing well varies within a certain range throughout the year, reflecting the seasonal (quarterly) temperature variation of the injected water. The pressure gradient across the system, which determines the direction and velocity of regional groundwater flow, has a substantial influence on the convective heat transport and performance of aquifer thermal storage. Injection/production rate and geometrical size of the aquifer used in the model also impact the predicted temperature distribution at each stage and the recovery water temperature. The hydrogeological-thermal simulation is shown to play an integral part in the prediction of performance of processes as complicated as those in ATES systems.  相似文献   

塔西南坳陷中新生代蒸发岩沉积初探          下载免费PDF全文

桑洪  曹养同  朱礼春  张华  张亮  姚佛军  曾昌民  焦鹏程  姜红  梁华 《古地理学报》2014,16(4):473-482

通过资料搜集、蒸发岩野外露头地质调查、石盐岩沉积特征分析及盐类矿物学研究,对塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷中新生代蒸发岩的分布、层位、盐类矿物组合、成因进行了初步探讨。塔西南坳陷石盐岩沉积呈透镜体状,主要沿西昆仑山前分布,常含有褐红色、灰绿色泥砾,泥砾岩性与吐依洛克组下段岩性一致,推测应为吐依洛克组沉积晚期海退期成盐,其层位应归属于吐依洛克组上段。石盐岩透镜体在横向分布上不连续,反映了当时塔西南坳陷内部可能存在多个古盐湖次级凹地,其在干旱气候条件下经浓缩蒸发成盐。蒸发岩矿物除石盐、石膏外,还见有杂卤石、钙芒硝等,其中杂卤石可能为后期富钾卤水交代原生石膏的产物,而乌泊1井石盐表面大量的次生钙芒硝可能为盐湖后期石盐析出阶段含钙地下水缓慢持续补给盐湖的产物。  相似文献   

Molecular cores of the high-latitude cloud MBM 40     

Young Chol Minh  Hyun-Goo Kim  Youngung Lee  Hyeran Park  Kwang-Tae Kim  Yong-Sun Park  Sang Joon Kim   《New Astronomy》2003,8(8):795-803

Towards the high-latitude cloud MBM 40, we identify 3 dense molecular cores of M0.2–0.5 M, and sizes of 0.2 pc in diameter embedded in the H I cloud of 8 M which is observed to be extended along the northeast–southwest direction. The molecular cloud is located almost perpendicularly to the H I emission. We confirm the previous result of Magnani et al. that MBM 40 is not a site for new star formations. We found a very poor correlation between the H I and the IRAS 100 μm emissions, but the CO (1–0) and 100 μm emissions show a better correlation of W_CO/I₁₀₀=1±0.2 K km s⁻¹ (MJy sr⁻¹)⁻¹. This ratio is larger by a factor of ≥5 than in dense dark clouds, which may indicate that the CO is less depleted in MBM 40 than in dense dark clouds.  相似文献   

济宁泰安菏泽地区采煤塌陷地复垦措施探讨          下载免费PDF全文

鲁晓威  李洪亮  刘红  于桑  张君  乔月 《山东国土资源》2021,37(7)

由煤炭开采造成的地表塌陷问题日趋严重,探索适宜煤矿塌陷区的复垦模式及土地复垦技术措施,对提高土地复垦利用率和生产潜力具有十分重要的意义。该文以济宁市、泰安市、菏泽市为例,介绍了区内采煤塌陷地现状及特点,以采煤塌陷复垦工程为基础,确定了区内复垦模式包括"先破坏,后治理"的传统复垦模式和"边采边复"的动态预复垦模式,对比分析了复垦模式间的优缺点;研究了不同土地复垦技术措施的适用条件。该文认为济宁市、泰安市采煤塌陷复垦适宜采用"先破坏,后治理"的传统复垦模式,菏泽市采煤塌陷复垦适宜采用"边采边复"的动态预复垦模式。在传统复垦模式下,对研究区内采煤塌陷程度较轻、满足农业复垦条件的,适宜采取土地平整法、疏排水法、削高填法低、充填法、生物修复法等复垦技术措施,对无法复垦治理为耕地的重度塌陷区,建议综合采取直接利用法、挖深垫浅法等复垦技术措施。  相似文献   

Applicability to Korean Marine Clay of the Mobilized Undrained Vane Shear Strength Using Correction Factors     

Ju Hyun Kim  Hiroshi Matsuda  Sang Guk Jeong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):150-159

The undrained shear strength normalized by the yield consolidation pressure, su/pc', is presented for four coastal sites: Busan/Gwangyang and Incheon/Gunsan, having the characteristics of high and low plasticity, respectively. The field vane shear strengths, su(FVT), were compared with unconfined compressive strength, qu/2 which has been used as a representative testing method in Korea. Many researchers have suggested that the undrained shear strength normalized by the yield consolidation pressure, su/pc', depends on Ip. However, the undrained shear strength normalized by the yield consolidation pressure, su/pc' is in the range of 0.25–0.35, independently of the plasticity index, Ip except for su/pc' using qu/2 values in the case of soils having a low plasticity, such as Incheon and Gunsan intermediate soils.

Bjerrum's correction factor has been commonly applied to evaluate mobilized undrained shear strength using the field vane test in Korea. However, the corrected undrained shear strengths using Bjerrum's correction factor, including Morris and Williams' method, were considerably underestimated for Korean marine clay when compared with the qu/2 values that have been used as the mobilized undrained shear strength for practical design in Korea.  相似文献   

Distribution of small plastic debris in cross-section and high strandline on Heungnam beach, South Korea     

Nak Won Heo  Sang Hee Hong  Gi Myung Han  Sunwook Hong  Jongmyoung Lee  Young Kyung Song  Mi Jang  Won Joon Shim 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(2):225-233

The spatial distribution of small plastic debris on Heungnam beach in February 2011 was investigated. The abundances of small plastic debris over 2 mm in size along the high strandline and cross-sectional line of the beach were determined. The mean abundances of small plastics were 976 ± 405 particles/m² at the high strandline in the upper tidal zone along the shoreline and 473 ± 866 particles/m² at the cross-section perpendicular to the shoreline. Specifically, styrofoam (expanded polystyrene) spherules accounted for 90.7% of the total plastic abundance in the high strandline and 96.3% in the cross-section. The spatial distribution patterns of small plastic debris differed between the high strandline and cross-sectional line. The cross-sectional distribution of small plastic abundance differed among plastic types, indicating that representative sampling of small plastic debris on a beach is necessary.  相似文献   

张掖盆地地下水位上升成因探析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

巴建文  马小全  刘振华  秦晓燕  田辽西 《地下水》2010,32(1):34-37

张掖盆地80年代中期以来,地下水位处于区域性持续下降过程。2001年9月以来,盆地中北部地下水位停止下降开始出现上升趋势,特别是2005年9月以来,张掖盆地地下水位突然大面积上升。分析认为,地下水位上升主要是补给量的增加所致,主要增加途径有两个：一是本世纪以来,受全球气候转暖的影响,祁连山中西部的冰川融水和降水量明显增加,使祁连山区各河流出山径流量亦相应的增加,而出山河流作为盆地内地下水的主要补给来源,它的增加则意味着盆地地下水补给量的增大;二是黑河河床过水时间增加,在流经盆地第四系粗颗粒相强导水的洪积扇地带,大量“线状”入渗,使地下水补给量增大,引发沿河地下水位上升,导致向黑河排泄的黑河以东地下水径流受阻。  相似文献   

张掖市北郊湿地土壤有机质与全氮、全磷的相关性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张如龙  秦晓燕  巴建文 《地下水》2010,32(4):28-31

湿地是一类特殊的生态系统,其独特的环境及生物地球化学过程孕育了特殊的土壤类型。以实地调查及分析测试数据为基础,在张掖市北郊湿地区域内,通过同一深度水平方向上和不同取样点垂直方向上的有机质与全氮的线性相关分析,表明二者的相关性十分显著,利用确定的相关方程,可直接用湿地土壤中全氮的数值来推测有机质的含量;而通过对有机质与全磷数据的分析,表明二者在区域内没有线性相关关系。  相似文献