冻土区甲烷排放研究进展   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

金会军  程国栋 《地球科学进展》1997,12(3):276-283

冻土区土牡表面和活动层土的ＣＨ_４排放和吸收表现出强烈的时空变化性。根据多年冻土中ＣＨ_４含量的模拟结果表明，全球尺度上，平均每米厚度多年冻土含有ＣＨ_４６５Ｔｇ。在未来的２００年间，多年冻土融化所导致的大气ＣＨ_４附加年源强变化于２～２５Ｔｇ。  相似文献   

地块－海槽边缘带成油成气新概念     

罗斌杰  郑国东  杨醒华  段毅 《地球科学进展》1996,(3)

对准噶尔、塔里木等盆地沉积环境的研究表明,古生代时,中国西北区为海相沉积,沉积盆地的基底是一些离散的古老结晶地块,其上海水侵漫,地块之间为大洋或窄大洋的海槽。地块之间的海槽或地块与海槽过渡的边缘带盆地是油气形成的有利地带。在海槽遭受压缩褶皱而回返的造山过程中,＂地块－海槽＂体系发生转化,形成中新生代＂山系－盆地＂的陆相沉积体系。边缘带的油气源岩系被埋藏在盆地外围的山系之下。但其中形成的部分油气已运移到盆地内的储集层中聚集,形成＂外生内储＂的油气藏。在这种类型的盆地中,存在陆相生油和海相生油、＂内生内储＂和＂外生内储＂的两类生油岩系和两种生储组合配置体系。这一油气形成分布的理论,已不断地被油气地球化学研究和勘探实践所证实。＂地块－海槽＂边缘带油气形成观点的提出,突破了以现今盆地为界限研究古生代油气形成分布规律的传统观念,增大了中国西北区可以发现的油气资源量,扩展了找油找气的新领域,具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

青藏铁路适应气候变化的筑路工程技术     

吴青柏  程国栋  马巍  刘永智 《气候变化研究进展》2007,3(6):315-321

 气候变化对高温高含冰量冻土影响显著，因此，青藏铁路穿越多年冻土地区的筑路工程设计必须考虑未来气候变化的影响。为了减缓、适应气候变化的影响，解决高温高含冰量路基稳定性问题，修建青藏铁路时提出了冷却路基、降低多年冻土温度的设计新思想。该筑路工程技术通过采用调控热的传导、辐射和对流以及综合调控措施达到降低多年冻土温度、适应气候变化的目的，最大限度地确保多年冻土区路基的稳定性。  相似文献   

信息系统中三维管线的显示问题探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

郑淑荣  杨国东 《现代测绘》2003,26(6):34-35,40

随着城市现代化建设发展，各种市政设施管理成为人们关注的焦点。在管线信息管理系统的建设过程中，管线的三维显示成为一个首先需要解决的问题。本文从管线三维显示问题的提出出发，通过问题的细致分析，在坐标变换的基础之上，结合OpenGL技术中的坐标变换和剪切变换设计了一种能较好解决这一问题的方法，并进行了实际应用，取得了不错的效果。  相似文献   

井下浅层地震探测技术的应用     

宋德旺  石国栋 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(Z1):78-79

钱 家 营矿 区内 8、12 煤 层顶 底 板为 细砂 岩 或粉 砂岩 ,煤 层与 顶 底板 之间 物 理特 性差 异 较大 ,有 利于 开 展 井下 -2浅 层地 震 勘探 。结合 矿 井开 采地 质 条件 及生 产 实际 ,建 立数 学物 理 模型 ,推 算时 距 曲线 、求 解地 层速 度 。在分 析选 用 仪器 的工 作 原理 及井 下 施工 方法 的 基础 上,对在 上 覆煤 层巷 道 中使 用该 技 术探 测 8、12-2煤层 开采 地 质条 件的 可 行 性及应 用前 景 进行 讨论 。  相似文献   

Lithospheric structure and dynamic processes of the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Junmeng Zhao  Guodong Liu  Zaoxun Lu  Xiankang Zhang  Guoze Zhao 《Tectonophysics》2003,376(3-4):199-239

Located at the center of the Eurasian continent and accommodating as much as 44% of the present crustal shortening between India and Siberia, the Tianshan orogenic belt (TOB) is one of the youngest (<20 Ma) and highest (elevation>7000 m) orogenic belts in the world. It provides a natural laboratory for examining the processes of intracontinental deformation. In recent years, wide angle seismic reflection/refraction profiling and magnetotelluric sounding surveys have been carried out along a geoscience transect which extends northeastward from Xayar at the northern margin of the Tarim basin (TB), through the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin (JB), to Burjing at the southern piedmont of the Altay Mountain. We have also obtained the 2D density structure of the crust and upper mantle of this area by using the Bouguer anomaly data of Northwestern Xinjiang. With these surveys, we attempt to image the 2D velocity and the 2D electric structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin. In order to obtain the small-scale structure of the crust–mantle transitional zone of the study area, the wavelet transform method is applied to the seismic wide angle reflection/refraction data. Combining our survey results with heat flow and other geological data, we propose a model that interprets the deep processes beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin.Located between the Tarim basin and the Junggar basin, the Tianshan orogenic belt is a block with relatively low velocity, low density, and partially high resistivity. It is tectonically a shortening zone under lateral compression. A detachment exists in the upper crust at the northern margin of the Tarim basin. Its lower part of the upper crust intruded into the lower part of the upper and the middle crust of the Tianshan, near the Korla fault; its middle crust intruded into the lower crust of the Tianshan; and its lower crust and lithospheric mantle subducted into the upper mantle of the Tianshan. In these processes, the mass of the lower crust of the Tarim basin was carried down to the upper mantle beneath the Tianshan, forming a 20-km-thick complex crust–mantle transitional zone composed of seven thin layers with a lower than average velocity. The thrusting and folding of the sedimentary cover, the intrusive layer in the upper and middle crust, and the mass added by the subduction of the Tarim basin into the upper mantle of the Tianshan are probably responsible for the crustal thickening of the Tianshan. Due to the important mass deficiency in the crust and the upper mantle of the Tianshan, buoyancy must occur and lead to rapid ascent of the Tianshan.The episodic tectonic uplift of the Tianshan and tectonic subsidence of the Junggar basin are closely related to the evolution of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Tethys.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯地块西缘定边-景泰地壳和上地幔电性结构分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

屈健鹏  朱佐全  杨国栋  李柱国  师水月 《地震工程学报》1998,20(2):70-75

给出了定边－景泰大地电磁剖面探测结果并对其进行了分析．鄂尔多斯块体内部电性结构简单,电性界面成层性好,而在其西缘弧形断裂带,电性结构复杂,电导率横向变化较大．在弧形断裂带上地幔低阻层埋藏深度加大,这与北面的银川断陷盆地上地幔结构上隆形成反照,经分析认为银川断陷盆地属于拉张性质,而弧形断裂带属于挤压性质,由于均衡调整作用,造成了两者上地幔结构的反差．深部电性结构在大罗山－惠安堡之间有一局部上隆,经分析认为此处可能为深大断裂,南北构造带仅在此通过．  相似文献   

Current situation, problems and rational utilization of water resources in arid north-western China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Feng Qi  Cheng Guodong 《Journal of Arid Environments》1998,40(4):373-382

From an analysis of the current situation of water resources and its development and utilization in arid areas of north-western China, the authors conclude that some major problems still exist, such as inadequate amounts, unbalanced distribution, serious wastage and a deteriorated water environment. Measures to solve these problems include strengthening management, enhancing scientific and technological levels in the utilization of water resources, and strengthening protection of water resources and the environment. Besides this, the fundamental and important measure is to strengthen studies of water-saving techniques, as discussed in the paper.  相似文献   

THE DETERMINATION OF COMPUTATIONAL PARAMETERS IN TYPHOON NUMERICAL MODELS     

高波  高国栋  陆渝蓉 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1998,4(1):106-112

Optimal computational parameters are determined through comparisons of typhoon track for similarity relevant to vdrious sets of computational parameters using a simple quasi-geostrophic barotropic vorticity equations model. The result: the Poisson equation is solved for numerical solutions at an iterative accuracy of 1.0 × 10^-4 and a time step of 20 min.  相似文献   

Cooling effect of ballast revetment on the roadbed of Qinghai-Tibetan Railway     

Zeyong Hu  Guodong Cheng  Zeyu Qian  Jiemin Wang  Guoan Wei  Xuhong Hou  Lianglei Gu  Yuping Yan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(1):161-167

The data obtained through the roadbed surface thermal regime experiment (ROBSTREX), which was carried out at Beiluhe test section of Qinghai-Tibetan Railway from October to December in 2002, were used to estimate the cooling effect of ballast revetment on the road bed. The results show that both riprap rock ballast revetment and crushed stone ballast revetment can reduce the temperature of the roadbed. But the cooling effect of riprap rock ballast revetment is better than that of crushed stone ballast revetment when the temperature of roadbed is higher. The cooling effect of crushed stone ballast revetment is better than that of riprap rock ballast revetment when the temperature of the roadbed is lower, especially at deeper roadbed layers. In the frozen season, the heat release from the roadbed also shows that the cooling effect of ballast revetment on the roadbed is obvious, and the cooling effect of crushed stone ballast revetment on the roadbed is much evident than that of riprap rock ballast revetment.  相似文献