Relationships of growth and mortality to enzymatic activity,and the relative mRNA expression of cultured scallops Patinopecten yessoensis in the Yellow Sea,China     

LIU Chao  WU Fucun  QUE Huayong  ZHANG Guofan 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(4):1409-1422

The bottom aquaculture of yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) has developed rapidly in the north of Yellow Sea, China, but not without accompanying productivity problems. We, therefore, conducted field surveys to investigate factors related to growth and mortality rates of bottom-cultured scallops after release. Specifically, we focused on the effects of total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and three key enzymes involved in antioxidant and metabolic function:glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Across summer and winter, we also measured the relative mRNA expression of GPT and SOD to understand their seasonal variation in the scallops, along with how such variation correlated to growth and mortality. Results show that bottom cultured scallops experienced mass mortality during the first six months post-release. During winter (December), scallops grew more rapidly and suffered less mortality than in summer (August). The observed lower performance probably resulted from less advantageous environmental factors during the summer seasons, such as high temperature and low dissolved oxygen. These environmental stressors enhance protein consumption while decreasing energetic resources in scallops. Furthermore, scallops in summer exhibited high antioxidant levels that probably competed for energy with process integral to growth and survival. These negative factors combined to elevate mortality rates. In conclusion, we provided evidence suggesting correlations between metabolic/antioxidant activity and growth and mortality of bottom-cultured yesso scallops. These correlations implied us an accurate method to estimate the performance of bottom culture system. Suggestions about innovative aquaculture techniques were also discussed in the study. Our results might provide a possible guideline to the improvement of bottom culture techniques for this commercially valuable seafood species.  相似文献   

长江中游阳逻砾石层沉积环境分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

梅惠  李长安  杨勇  齐国凡  康春国 《第四纪研究》2009,29(2):370-379

本文在野外调查的基础上,选择典型剖面,通过剖面沉积学、岩相划分和粒度分析研究,对长江中游“阳逻砾石层”沉积环境进行了讨论。研究表明,阳逻砾石层的岩性主要砾石层夹砂层,由Gm,Sh和Sp沉积相类型组成;   大多数频率曲线图形态为双峰,且以不对称曲线为主;   概率累积曲线大都为上三段式,以滚动总体为主,约占50%～60%,斜率较大,在35°～45°;   悬浮总体约占20%～30%,斜率在 40°以上;   跳跃总体约占20%～30%,斜率较小,多在 10°～20°。跳跃总体和滚动总体之间均存在有混合带,分选性较差。综合分析认为,阳逻砾石层沉积环境为具有辫状河特点的河流沉积。根据电子自旋共振测年（ESR）得到阳逻砾石层的形成年龄为1.12～1.56MaB.P.,表明阳逻砾石层形成于第四纪早更新世。
  相似文献   

A Comparative Analysis of the Structure and Behavior of Three Gap Models at Sites in Northeastern China   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Guofan Shao  Harald Bugmann  Xiaodong Yan 《Climatic change》2001,51(3-4):389-413

Three gap models, KOPIDE, NEWCOP, and ForClim, were compared with respect to their structure and behavior at four sites along an elevational gradient on Changbai Mt., northeastern China, under current climate and six climate change scenarios. This study intends to compare the three gap models under identical conditions, using a standardized simulation protocol. The three models were originally developed with different backgrounds and for different purposes. While they are relatively similar in the level of structural detail they include, they still differ in many respects regarding the assumptions that are made for representing specific ecological processes.The simulations showed that none of the three gap models provides satisfactory results in all situations; each gap model has strong and weak points in its behavior. While all models are fairly successful in simulating the composition of dominant species along the gradient under current climatic conditions, their projections under a set of hypothetical scenarios of climatic change diverge rather strongly. The analysis of these simulation results shows that several problem areas need to be addressed before any of the models can be used for a reliable impact assessment.Recommendations for improvements of the models are made, including the formulation of temperature and drought effects on tree establishment and tree growth, the size of the species pool, the appropriate choice of patch size and disturbance regimes, and allometric relationships. When aiming to use gap models under new environmental conditions, we propose to carefully reconsider their formulations based on our knowledge of the relevant processes in the region under concern, instead of using the models in an `as-is' mode.  相似文献   

Iodothyronine deiodinase gene analysis of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas reveals possible conservation of thyroid hormone feedback regulation mechanism in mollusks     

黄雯  许飞  曲涛  李莉  阙华勇  张国范 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(4):997-1006

Iodothyronine deiodinase catalyzes the initiation and termination of thyroid hormones(THs) effects, and plays a central role in the regulation of thyroid hormone level in vertebrates. In non-chordate invertebrates, only one deiodinase has been identified in the scallop C hlamys farreri. Here, two deiodinases were cloned in the Pacific oyster C rassostrea gigas( Cg Dx and C g Dy). The characteristic in-frame TGA codons and selenocysteine insertion sequence elements in the oyster deiodinase c DNAs supported the activity of them. Furthermore, seven orthologs of deiodinases were found by a tblastn search in the mollusk Lottia gigantea and the annelid C apitella teleta. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the deiodinase gene originated from an common ancestor and a clade-specific gene duplication occurred independently during the differentiation of the mollusk, annelid, and vertebrate lineages. The distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns implied functional divergence of the two deiodinases. The expression of C g Dx and Cg Dy was influenced by L-thyroxine T4, and putative thyroid hormone responsive elements were found in their promoters, which suggested that the oyster deiodinases were feedback regulated by TH. Epinephrine stimulated the expression level of C g Dx and Cg Dy, suggesting an interaction effect between different hormones. This study provides the first evidence for the existence of a conserved TH feedback regulation mechanism in mollusks, providing insights into TH evolution.  相似文献   

武汉地区晚第三纪三种被子植物硅化木研究     

齐国凡  杨家驹  徐瑞湖 《国土资源》1997,(2)

本文研究了我国湖北省武汉市新洲县阳逻镇北部发掘的硅化木，它们是武汉杜英（Ｅｌａｅｏｃａｒｐｕｓｗｕｈａｎｅｎ－ｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、武汉猫尾木（ＤｏｌｉｃｈａｎｄｒｏｎｅｗｕｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）湖北石梓（ＧｍｅｌｉａｎａｈｕｂｅｉｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。这些硅化木的地质年代为晚第三纪。硅化木的发掘反映了当时当地的气候比较炎热和潮湿。从树种方面为长江流域新生代的地质、古地理、古生物群演变研究，提供了新的科学证据。  相似文献   

Yield trait improvement of bay scallops following complete diallel crosses between different scallop stocks   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张守都  李莉  吴富村  张国范 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(1):1-7

This study describes the complete diaUel hybridization between newly introduced bay scallop stock （W） from Canada and local commercial stock （D） grown under laboratory conditions, in China. Larval survival and growth during all life stages （larvae, spat, and adult） were compared among hybrid （DW, WD） and purebred （DD, WW） populations. Significant heterosis was detected for survival during the larval stage （〉 1% of the mid-parent values）. The mean heterosis （Hm） varied in growth throughout the life span. More than 50% of the Hm values were positive and negative in the DW and WD groups, respectively. The influence of maternal effects and mating types （intrapopulation vs. interpopulation crosses） on growth for all life stages was not consistent. Larval survival did not differ significantly （P〉0.05） with maternal effect or mating type. In the harvest stage, shell length （SL）, shell height （SH）, shell width （SW）, and total weight （TW） were larger in the hybrid compared with the inbred groups. Positive Hm values were observed in SL （1.5%）, SW （5.8%）, and TW （12.3%）, and were more significant in the DW groups （6.1%, 4.5%, 6.8%, and 27.2%）. These results suggest that hybridization between two geographic populations is a good tool for improving bay scallop growth. However, unstable heterosis between the two populations requires further study.  相似文献   

A new type of micro-disseminated gold deposits in association with diabase found in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—Their geological characteristics and metallogenic conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhuyun Li  Tianlong Lan  Ruide Ran  Guofan Cheng 《中国地球化学学报》2012,31(4):449-456

With the continuous development of gold ore prospecting and exploration in recent years a new type of micro-disseminated gold deposits have been found in the regions of Southwest Guizhou Province and Northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,with the orebodies directly occurring in diabase or in the contact zone between diabase and strata.The orebodies are strictly controlled by fault structures.The discovery of this type of gold deposits has brought about new prospects for gold ore prospecting in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi Golden Triangle region.From the preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics of the Qiaoxiang gold deposit in Wangmo County,in combination with the results of research work in the adjacent areas in recent years,this paper roughly described the geological characteristics and metallogenic conditions of this type of gold ore deposits with an attempt to make more and more geologists pay enough attention to this type of gold ore deposits,so as to promote gold ore prospecting in Guizhou Province to develop toward a variety of types of gold deposits in all round way.  相似文献   

Comparison of growth and survival of larvae among different shell color stocks of bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck 1819)     

Zheng Huaiping  Zhang Guofan  Liu Xiao 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(2):183-188

In order to improve production and breed new broods of bay scallopArgopecten irradians irradians, different-colored orange, purple and white lines were established by two mating methods of self-fertilization and mass spawning at a commercial scallop hatchery in spring, 2002. And then larval growth and survival of different lines was compared to test whether there is a relationship between shell color and growth and survival at early developmental stage. Both growth and survival have no significant differences among different experimental larvae of self-fertilization or mass spawning. Results are as following in the order of orange, purple and white shell stock. For the self-fertilization, growth rates of larvae were 6.174, 6.412, and 6.599 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates of larvae at Day 3 were 74.41%, 76.86%, and 82.05%; Day 6 were 49.14%, 65.63%, and 52.79%; and Day 9 were 25.06%, 20.80%, and 26.47%, respectively. For the mass spawning, the growth rates were 7.836, 7.941, and 7.878 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates at Day 3 were 93.05%, 91.95%, and 92.50%; Day 6 were 79.17%, 78.05%, and 82.50%; and Day 9 were 34.72%, 36.67%, and 38.33%, respectively. The absence of any relationship between shell color and growth and survival at the larval stage may be resulted from their common genetic basis. This work was financially supported by Project of Scientific Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ZKCX2-211).  相似文献   

Comparison of growth and survival of larvae among different shell color stocks of bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians（Lamarck 1819）   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

郑怀平  张国范刘晓 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(2):183-188

In order to improve production and breed new broods of bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians, different-colored orange, purple and white lines were established by two mating methods of self-fertilization and mass spawning at a commercial scallop hatchery in spring, 2002. And then larval growth and survival of different lines was compared to test whether there is a relationship between shell color and growth and survival at early developmental stage. Both growth and survival have no significant differences among different experimental larvae of self-fertilization or mass spawning. Results are as following in the order of orange, purple and white shell stock. For the self-fertilization, growth rates of larvae were 6.174, 6.412, and6.599 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates of larvae at Day 3 were 74.41%, 76.86%, and 82.05%; Day 6 were 49.14%, 65.63%, and 52.79%; and Day 9 were 25.06%, 20.80%, and 26.47%, respectively. For the mass spawning, the growth rates were 7.836, 7.941, and 7.878 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates at Day 3 were 93.05%,91.95%, and 92.50%; Day 6 were 79.17%, 78.05%, and 82.50%; and Day 9 were 34.72%, 36.67%, and 38.33%,respectively. The absence of any relationship between shell color and growth and survival at the larval stage may be resulted from their common genetic basis.  相似文献   

Potential impacts of climate change on a mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest stand: A gap model approach   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Guofan Shao 《Climatic change》1996,34(2):263-268

A gap-typed forest dynamic model KOPIDE was used to assess the dynamic responses of a mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest stand to climate change in northeastern China. The GFDL climate change scenario was applied to derive the changes in environmental variables, such as 10 °C based DEGD and PET/P, which were used to implement the model. The simulation result suggests that the climate change would cause important changes in stand structure. Korean pine, the dominant species in the area under current climate conditions, would disappear under the GFDL equilibrium scenario. Oak and elm would become the dominant species replacing Korean pine, ash and basswood. Such a potential change in forest structure would require different strategies for forest management in northeastern China.  相似文献