北极扬马延岛大气边界层高度的气候特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

张祥  张叶晖  韩靖博  张乐  史婉蓉 《极地研究》2018,30(2):132-139

基于1973—2015年间的全球综合无线电探空资料(IGRA),采用总体理查逊数(Bulk Richardson Number)方法,分析了北极扬马延岛43年间的大气边界层高度变化特征,并对其多年月均大气边界层高度变化以及年均大气边界层高度变化进行深入分析探讨。结果显示,扬马延岛白天对流边界层高度高于夜晚稳定边界层高度,夏季多年月均大气边界层高度远低于冬春季节的高度,夏季平均高度仅为262 m,而冬春季节高度在600 m附近。大气边界层高度的变化与地面相对湿度的变化呈现较好的反相关关系。由于受到墨西哥湾暖流的影响,岛屿全年温差较小,夏季的相对湿度较大,导致潜热通量较多,抑制了边界层内的对流过程,造成夏季大气边界层高度较低。此外,其年均高度在1973—1988年间出现波动下降,而后在1988—1995年快速上升,最后于1995—2015年间变化平稳。  相似文献   

豫南——鄂北大别山北部高压角闪石榴辉岩的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘景波  国连杰 《地质科学》1997,32(4):409-422

一个高压角闪石榴辉岩带出现在豫南——鄂北大别山高压超高压变质单元的最北部。榴辉岩的矿物组合为石榴石+绿辉石+角闪石+绿帘石+多硅白云母+石英+金红石。采用Powell等(1994)的Thermocalc估计的温压条件:压力为1.8-2.4GPa,温度为490-592℃。这个带的榴辉岩在矿物组合,矿物成分和温压条件上明显不同于该高压变质单元中其它带的榴辉岩。  相似文献   

库车盆地白垩系碎屑白云母物源区示踪与构造意义     

喻顺  陈文  孙敬博  尹继元  张彦  刘新宇  袁霞  马勋 《地质学报》2016,90(8):1874-1885

沉积盆地碎屑岩记录了相邻造山带构造演化及隆升剥蚀的重要信息。本文对库车盆地白垩系砂岩中的白云母进行了电子探针及~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年分析,并与天山造山带的数据对比研究表明:库车盆地白垩系砂岩中白云母为多硅白云母,硅原子数小于西南天山蓝片岩及榴辉岩中的多硅白云母,形成时的压力低于目前保留在西南天山蓝片岩中多硅白云母;白垩系砂岩多硅白云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄为396.6 Ma,与在低温高压变质带中获得的多硅白云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄419~310Ma一致,表明了在白垩纪西南天山低温高压变质岩带已抬升至地表遭受剥蚀,为库车盆地提供大量的物质,也表明了在白垩纪西南天山低温高压变质岩带高度(海拔)高于其南部的哈尔克山,而现今天山地貌形态显示低温高压变质岩海拔低于哈尔克山,这可能是由于新生代天山地区差异隆升剥蚀引起的。  相似文献   

西准噶尔北部早二叠世石英正长斑岩的地球化学特征及意义     

尹继元  陈文  喻顺  孙敬博  张斌  杨莉  袁霞  张岩 《地质学报》2016,90(9):2355-2364

朱鲁木特石英正长斑岩出露于西准噶尔北部。地球化学研究结果显示,它们的SiO2含量在74.5%~77.6%之间,显示高的K2O(4.60%~5.58%)、全碱(8.14%~9.61%)含量和高的K2O/Na2O比值(1.25~1.38),属于高钾钙碱性岩系列。铝饱和指数(A/CNK)=1.04~1.18,为过铝质岩石系列。稀土元素总量在128×10-6~236×10-6之间。它们显示了轻稀土富集[(La/Yb)N=6.0~10.4],重稀土相对平坦[(Gd/Yb)N=0.96~1.12],强烈的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.23~0.26)为特征。微量元素显示亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高强场元素,富集Rb、K、U和Th等大离子亲石元素和La、Nd和Zr等元素。岩浆源区可能经历了斜长石,磷灰石,钛铁矿等矿物的分离结晶作用。石英正长斑岩具有正的εNd(t)和εHf(t),年轻的t2DM(Nd)(474~572 Ma)和t2DM(Hf)(357~931Ma)模式年龄,可能是古生代新生地壳物质的部分熔融的产物。它们具有较高的锆石饱和温度(834~865℃),与西准噶尔北部的A型花岗岩几乎同时形成,表明西准噶尔地区在早二叠世处于一种拉张高温的环境。  相似文献   

巴丹吉林沙漠沙山区径流与地下水补给条件   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马延东  赵景波  罗小庆  邵天杰  岳大鹏  周旗 《地理学报》2016,71(3):433-448

在全球高差最大的巴丹吉林沙漠沙山斜坡上发现了沙漠区罕见的因大气降水而产生的地表超渗径流,地表径流侵蚀,缓渗径流及因地下径流出露而产生的地表径流--风沙混合物理沉积与化学沉积(次生盐).根据电镜观察,能谱分析,化学分析和粒度分析等资料,研究了径流化学沉积物的矿物和化学组成,风积沙和径流--风沙混合物理沉积物的粒度组成,径流类型及沙山区水分平衡,降水对地下水与湖水的补给机制.超渗径流的出现表明,虽然该区降水量少,但存在能够为地下水提供补给来源的较强有效降雨过程.径流,径流--风沙混合物理沉积和化学沉积等六项科学指标从深层次上充分证明,该区降水通过入渗至少达到了沙山的下部,完全能够对地下水构成有效补给.细粒层相对的隔水性是该区地下径流出露于地表的原因.沙山区确实存在令人惊奇的水分正平衡,即在大气降水在经过蒸发和蒸腾等消耗之后,每年还有约134648.4 t/km²水补给了地下水和湖水,成为湖水的重要补给来源之一.沙山区能够产生有效降水,植被稀少蒸腾量少,沙层入渗率高和沙层受蒸发影响深度很小是该区水分出现正平衡和大气降水能够补给地下水的四个条件,也是导致该沙漠区有众多湖泊发育的主要条件.  相似文献   

Studies on rickettsia-like organism(RLO)disease of tropical marine pearl oyster--Epidemiologicai investigation of RLO disease in juvenile populations of maricultured Pinctada maxima     

Xinzhong Wu  Dengfeng Li  Jinpei Pan  Jingbo Jiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(3)

The death which occurred in juvenile population was a severe problem in the course ofPinctada maxima artificial culture. With the methods of field investigation, histological study andstatistic analyses, the epidemiological study was carried out on the disease and death in juvenile popula-tions of Pinctada maxima in the Xinying Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farm of Lingao County (for the A,B and C batches of cultured juveniles hanged in the sea) and the Xincun Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farmof Lingshui County (for the D batch of cultured juvenile hanged in the pond), Hainan Province fromNovember 1993 to April 1995. The results show that the deaths which occurred in juvenile populations of Pinctada maxima pre-sented an outbreak pattern. The peak of mortality rates, in general, occurred in 4-to 6-month old pearloyster juveniles, and the mortality rates gradully declined with the extention of pearl oyster age after cul-turing 8 months. The correlation between the mortality rates of juvenile populations and mean bodylengths of juvenile populations show that the mortality rate become higher under 4 cm of mean bodylengths of juvenile population and become obvious declined over 5 cm of mean body lengths. The peak ofmortality rate occurred in 1 ～3 cm of mean body lengths. The results of histological observation showedthat rickettsia-like organism inclusions were common, histological widespread infective agent among ev-ery batches (A, B, C and D) of cultured juvenile populations. The mean severity indices (SI) of rick-ettsia-like organism (RLO) infection were positively correlated with mortality rates of juvenile popula-tions. After or within every peaks of RLO infection were all accompanied with the peaks of mortalityrates of host populations and the mortality rates declined with decreased RLO infection. So the evidencesof histological observation and epidemiology in this study indicated that rickettsia-like organism (RLO)may be as an important pathogenic organism of disease and death of cultured Pinctada maxima. In addi-tion, a few ciliates were discovered only in part of batch A of cultured juvenile population. The mortalityrates in juvenile populations were not correlated with the weekly mean temperature and salinity of seawater.  相似文献   

刺激隐核虫生活史的光镜观察   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

徐润林  江静波  陈毕生 《海洋科学》1992,16(3):42-44

本文对寄生于海水硬骨鱼体表组织的纤毛虫刺激隐核虫(Cryptocaryonirritans)的生活史进行了描述。该寄生虫生活史分3个阶段,即滋养体,包囊体和幼虫。滋养体主要营寄生生活。成熟的滋养体离开宿主后,在数小时内就发育成包囊体。包囊体的特点是具多层结构的囊壁,而且此阶段虫体的繁殖方式为不等分裂。每个成熟的包囊平均可形成273±64个幼虫。由于囊壁坚硬,幼虫游离后,包囊壁仍保持原样。进入水体的幼虫游动极快,不摄食,一旦遇到合适的宿主即侵入,并在宿主体内发育成滋养体。文中还将结果与淡水多子小瓜虫生活史进行了比较。  相似文献   

Magma Chamber Process of Post-collisional Magmatism: Insight from Textural and Elemental Characteristics of Plagioclase from the Tatun Volcanic Group, Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone     

ZHANG Xi  GUO Kun  ZHANG Yu  LAI Zhiqing  JIANG Shulong  JIANG Wenpeng  LI Jingbo 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(5):1587-1599

The Taiwan mountain belt, one of the youngest orogenies in the world, is caused by the collision of the Luzon arc with the Eurasian margin, which leads to post-collisional extension and magmatism in the Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone (NTVZ). The magma chamber process in this region has not previously been elucidated in detail. In this paper, the textural and compositional features of plagioclase phenocrysts in basalt from the Tatun Volcanic Group (TTVG) were studied to restrict the dynamics of magma system. Results show that the magma melts in TTVG are mainly sourced from the underlying MORB-like mantle wedge but influenced by incorporation of subduction components, causing the elevated Sr/Y and Ba/Y ratios in magma melts. The subduction components are mainly transported in the form of sediment melt. The plagioclase phenocrysts in the TTVG volcanic rocks are generally coarsely core-sieved with a clear rim. The An contents in the rims of plagioclase are much lower than those of cores, and elevated FeO concentrations are detected in the plagioclase rims. We propose there exists a double-layer magma chamber in this region. The core of the plagioclase was crystalized in the deeper quiescent magma chamber (~21 km), which was subsequently partially dissolved during the ascent of magma melt under H2O-undersaturated condition, forming the typical coarsely sieved texture and synneusis. When this crystal-rich melt migrates into the shallower chamber, water saturation is reached and more sodic plagioclase formed as the rim of phenocryst. Due to the considerably higher fO2 in the shallow chamber than in the deeper one, and the distribution of Fe between plagioclase and melt positively correlates with fO2, the FeO content in the plagioclase rim elevates in conjunction with increasing fO2.  相似文献   

云南莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂带面积—高程积分的构造地貌研究     

秦川  李敬波  郑立龙  白赟 《地质论评》2023,69(5):1649-1660

笔者等基于ASTER GDEM数据,提取莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂带集水区,计算该区亚流域盆地的面积—高程积分值,并结合野外剖面特征、历史地震、断裂构造特征及活动特征等,初步探讨了莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂带的构造地貌特征及其动力学机制。得到以下几点认识：(1)研究区除鲁甸盆地外,大部分地区的地貌发育阶段为壮年期;(2)研究区面积—高程积分值(HI)主要受控于构造活动,岩性的抗侵蚀性和水系侵蚀发挥局部或次要作用;(3)面积—高程积分值(HI)对研究区不同构造抬升强度地区的响应方式不同：构造强烈抬升区,HI值反映了集水流域受到强烈的构造抬升和侵蚀的共同作用;构造抬升减弱区,HI值反映了缓慢的构造隆升和沉积作用的共同结果。  相似文献   

东北那丹哈达岭中—新生代构造-热演化史:来自(U-Th)/He和裂变径迹热年代学的证据     

杨雪叶  尹继元  肖文交  陈文  陈岳龙  孙敬博  张斌  王雅美 《地质学报》2021,95(12):3660-3675

中国东北的那丹哈达岭地区位于中亚造山带最东部,它的中新生代热演化史是认识陆内造山活动的关键,但该地区相关研究比较薄弱,其中—新生代的热演化史缺乏有效的约束.因此本文应用磷灰石裂变径迹、锆石和磷灰石(U-Th)/He等多种低温热年代学方法,对东北那丹哈达岭地区的侵入岩开展构造热演化历史研究.热年代学数据和热史模拟结果表明,该地区存在早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世(110～80Ma)、古新世—始新世(60～40 Ma)两期快速冷却事件,其冷却速率分别为3.42～4.81℃/Ma和1.43～1.83℃/Ma.结合区域构造和应力分析,我们认为两期冷却事件均受构造活动控制.第一期快速冷却事件是古太平洋板块北西向俯冲引发的构造叠加到鄂霍特莫茨克地块并与东亚大陆边缘碰撞引起;而第二期快速冷却事件是古太平洋俯冲的板片后撤使东亚陆缘处于伸展环境,造成东北大面积的剥露作用引起.这次研究增强了对东亚陆缘中新生代构造-热演化历史的认识,对于理解大陆内部造山带的构造变形过程与机理具有重要意义.  相似文献