贵州铜仁瓦屋牛蹄塘组下部凝灰岩锆石年龄及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

牟军  强希润  覃永军  王安华  张厚松 《贵州地质》2022,39(1):39-47

运用LA-ICP-MS技术,对牛蹄塘组凝灰岩夹层进行锆石U-Pb年代学测试,获得凝灰岩的年龄为546.3±4.3 Ma,该年龄与Chen等(2003)运用Pb-Pb淋滤法获得的遵义中南和织金牛蹄塘组黑色页岩的沉积年龄(531±24 Ma)在误差范围内一致,与卓皆文等(2009)运用锆石U-Pb年代学获得铜仁坝黄震旦纪老...  相似文献   

川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相与页岩气地质条件的关系^*          下载免费PDF全文

牟传龙  王秀平  王启宇  周恳恳  梁薇  葛祥英  陈小炜 《古地理学报》2016,18(3):457-472

在川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相详细研究的基础上,结合偏光显微镜、X衍射及元素地球化学分析等,提出沉积相对页岩气地质条件的影响特征。研究发现:川南及邻区龙马溪组下段主要发育潮坪相和浅海陆棚相。局限滞留的缺氧还原环境、快速海侵形成的分层水体、适宜的沉积速率及较高的生物产率,造成了龙马溪组下段有机质富集,并以硅质型页岩为主,利于页岩气的富集与开发。隆起边缘的潮坪相沉积,为页岩气的非有利区;沉积中心的深水陆棚沉积区,主要发育碳质硅质页岩、碳质页岩与含粉砂含钙碳质页岩,为页岩气的有利区;砂泥质浅水陆棚含有较高的有机质,应为页岩气发育的次级有利区;灰泥质浅水陆棚主要发育“钙质页岩+含碳泥质灰岩”,有机质含量相对较低,为页岩气的较不利发育区。  相似文献   

托斯特凹陷砂岩型铀矿成矿条件研究     

王谋  鲁克改  张全庆  杜晓畋 《新疆地质》2009,27(1)

以水成铀矿理论为指导,通过对托斯特凹陷的构造演化、岩性岩相、氧化带及地球化学、水文地质、铀源条件分析,认为托斯特凹陷铀主要成矿阶段为渐新世末-上新世.找矿目的层古近系乌伦古河组具较好岩性岩相条件,尤其是发育稳定疏松砂体的Ⅲ旋回为砂岩型铀矿化赋存的主砂体.托斯特凹陷西部发育层间氧化带,东部发育潜水-层间氧化带,砂岩型铀矿化主要受层间氧化带控制,该凹陷具较好找矿前景,有利地段位于托斯特凹陷西部.  相似文献   

Evidence for solar forcing in variability of temperatures and pressures in Europe     

Jean-Louis Le Mouël  Elena Blanter  Mikhail Shnirman  Vincent Courtillot 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(12):1309-1321

Daily temperature and pressure series from 55 European meteorological stations covering the 20th century are analyzed. The overall temperature mean displays a sharp minimum near 1940 and a step-like jump near 1987. We evaluate the evolution of disturbances of these series using mean squared inter-annual variations and “lifetimes”. The decadal to secular evolutions of solar activity and temperature disturbances display similar signatures over the 20th century. Because of heterogeneity of the climate system response to solar forcing, regional and seasonal approaches are key to successful identification of these signatures. Most of the solar response is governed by the winter months, as best seen near the Atlantic Ocean. Intensities of disturbances vary by factors in excess of 2, underlining a role for the Sun as a significant forcing factor of European atmospheric variations. We speculate about the possible origin of these solar signatures. The last figure of the paper exemplifies its main results.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地及周缘地区石炭系岩相古地理特征及油气基本地质条件   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王启宇  牟传龙  陈小炜  康建威 《古地理学报》2014,16(5):655-672

准噶尔盆地及周缘地区具前寒武纪变质结晶和褶皱双重基底,石炭系发育有研究区第1套完整且区域对比相对良好的地层。以“构造控盆、盆控相”的思路,对石炭系的沉积相和古地理特征进行了分析:早石炭世发育活动、被动陆缘海相及海陆过渡相沉积盆地,晚石炭世发育海陆过渡相沉积盆地及陆相火山岩。石炭系发育海相、海陆过渡相以及大陆相3个相区,可细分为大陆相、海相火山岩及火山碎屑岩相、次深海—深海相、浅海相、滨海相、三角洲相、河湖相以及冲积扇相等11个相带。从“相控油气基本地质条件”思路出发,认为盆地西北缘克拉玛依—白碱滩地区、南缘巴音沟、乌鲁木齐等地发育的次深海—深海相暗色泥页岩为较好的烃源岩;东北缘如卡拉麦里地区发育的三角洲相为烃源岩、储集岩良好的油气勘探有利相带;三塘湖地区发育的潮坪相与潟湖相、布尔津—富蕴及博格达山地区发育的浅海碳酸盐岩—碎屑岩浅海陆棚相等可形成良好的生储盖组合。这些生、储、盖三位一体分布的相带和地区是今后油气勘探的优选目标和首选地区。  相似文献   

川南—黔北地区晚奥陶世凯迪期早期与凯迪期晚期岩相古地理          下载免费PDF全文

陈超  牟传龙  梁薇  徐鹏辉 《古地理学报》2014,16(5):641-654

晚奥陶世凯迪期早期与凯迪期晚期之交,是沉积演化和盆山转换极为关键的时期,在这个短暂时期内,川南—黔北地区几乎全部从碳酸盐沉积转换为碎屑岩沉积,详细研究这一转换时期的沉积特征及其岩相古地理变迁对探讨该区的沉积演化和盆地演化具有重要的意义。为了良好地揭示凯迪期早期与凯迪期晚期之交这一沉积转换关键时期的岩相古地理变化,采用层序岩相古地理编图思路,以凯迪阶涧草沟组与五峰组之间的界面作为编图的等时界面,编制了凯迪期早期涧草沟组顶部与凯迪期晚期五峰组底部2幅岩相古地理图,凯迪期早期涧草沟组顶部古地理面貌表现为古隆起、古暴露区、古剥蚀区、潮坪、局限台地、开阔台地和浅滩7个古地理单元;凯迪期晚期五峰组底部古地理面貌表现为古隆起、潮坪、浅水陆棚、深水陆棚和浅滩5个古地理单元。首次恢复了暴露区及其分布范围,更加客观地反映了凯迪期早期与凯迪期晚期之交岩相古地理格局及其演化过程。  相似文献   

Groundwater Sustainability in Arid and Semi-arid Environments: A Review2     

Sijia Wang  Hu Liu  Wenzhi Zhao  Zhongkai Li 《地球科学进展》2019,34(2):210-223

Groundwater is an important part of the global hydrological cycle. Sustainable utilization of groundwater is related to regional ecological security and food security, especially in arid and semi-arid environments. This paper reviewed the important achievements of the research on groundwater sustainability in arid and semi-arid environments during the past 30 years, and summarized the research progress in groundwater sustainability of arid and semi-arid environments from the conception evolution of groundwater sustainability, evaluation methods, influencing factors, sustainable management, and research frontiers. Our analysis suggests that groundwater in water limited environments around the world has shown unsustainable characteristics both in terms of quantity and quality. However, the existing research focuses more on the quantitative characteristics than the quality characteristics of groundwater, and thus the seriousness of the decline in groundwater sustainability is potentially underestimated. It is pointed out that more research efforts need to be done in the future in balancing the groundwater resources for human and nature, clarifying the impacts of human disturbance and climate change on groundwater sustainability, and strengthening groundwater sustainability through transboundary watershed management. We argued that the difficulty remains how to quantify the sustainable yield of a groundwater basin, and how to assess the groundwater sustainability. Further investigations are required in improving the theoretical framework of groundwater sustainability, modeling the impacts of the various alternative groundwater development scenarios, developing more flexible and efficient indicator frameworks for sustainability evaluation of groundwater system, and deploying more sophisticated groundwater monitoring network for real-time data acquisition. Finally, awareness should also be raised towards ground water sustainability both at the legal level and in the sphere of political action.  相似文献   

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Intertidal Zone of the Yellow River Estuary in Autumn and Winter During 2011–2012     

Wenguang Sun  Zhigao Sun  Xiaojie Mou  Wanlong Sun  Xingyun Hu 《Estuaries and Coasts》2017,40(1):145-159

Much uncertainty exists in spatial and temporal variations of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from coastal marshes in temperate regions. To investigate the spatial and temporal variations of N₂O fluxes and determine the environmental factors influencing N₂O fluxes across the coastal marsh dominated by Suaeda salsa in the Yellow River estuary, China, in situ measurements were conducted in high marsh (HM), middle marsh (MM), low marsh (LM), and mudflat (MF) in autumn and winter during 2011–2012. Results showed that mean N₂O fluxes and cumulative N₂O emission indicated intertidal zone of the examined marshes as N₂O sources over all sampling seasons with range of 0.0051 to 0.0152 mg N₂O m^?2 h^?1 and 7.58 to 22.02 mg N₂O m^?2, respectively. During all times of day and the seasons measured, N₂O fluxes from the intertidal zone ranged from ?0.0004 to 0.0644 mg N₂O m^?2 h^?1. The freeze/thaw cycles in sediments during early winter (frequent short-term cycle) and midwinter (long-term cycle) were one of main factors affecting the temporal variations of N₂O emission. The spatial variations of N₂O fluxes in autumn were mainly dependent on tidal fluctuation and plant composition. The ammonia-nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺–N) in sediments of MF significantly affected N₂O emissions (p < 0.05), and the high concentrations of Fe in sediments might affect the spatial variation of N₂O fluxes. This study highlighted the large spatial variation of N₂O fluxes across the coastal marsh (coefficient of variation (CV) = 127.86 %) and the temporal variation of N₂O fluxes during 2011–2012 (CV = 137.29 %). Presently, the exogenous C and N loadings of the Yellow River estuary are increasing due to human activities; thus, the potential effects of exogenous C and N loadings on N₂O emissions during early winter should be paid more attention as the N₂O inventory is assessed precisely.  相似文献   

Spatial and Temporal Dependence of Temperature Variations Induced by Atmospheric Pressure Variations in Shallow Underground Cavities     

Frederic Perrier  Jean-Louis Le Mouël  Patrick Richon 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2010,167(3):253-276

Pressure-induced temperature (PIT) variations are systematically observed in the atmosphere of underground cavities. Such PIT variations are due to the compressibility of the air, damped by heat exchange with the rock surface. It is important to characterize such processes for numerous applications, such as the preservation of painted caves or the assessment of the long-term stability of underground laboratories and underground waste repositories. In this paper we thoroughly study the spatiotemporal dependence of the PIT response versus frequency using vertical and horizontal profiles of temperature installed in an abandoned underground quarry located in Vincennes, near Paris. The PIT response varies from about 20 × 10^?3°C hPa^?1 at a frequency of 2 × 10^?4 Hz to 2–3 × 10^?3°C hPa^?1 at a frequency of one cycle per day. An analytical expression based on a simple heat exchange model accounts for the observed features of the PIT response and allows for correcting the measured time series, having standard deviations of about 10^?2°C, to residual variations with a standard deviation of about 2 × 10^?3°C. However, a frequency-dependent attenuation of the response, corresponding to a reduction in amplitude with a factor varying from 2 to 3, is observed near the walls. This effect is not included in the simple analytical expression, but it can be accounted for by a one-dimensional differential equation, solved numerically, where temperature variations in the atmosphere are damped by an effective radiative coupling with the rock surface, complemented by a diffusive coupling near the walls. The TIP response is observed to remain stable over several years, but a large transient enhancement of about a factor of two is observed near the roof at one location from July to October 2005. In a cavity located below the Paris Observatory, an additional contribution is identified in the PIT response function versus frequency for frequencies smaller than 2 × 10^?5 Hz. This contribution can be described using a modified analytical expression that includes the effect of heat diffusion into the surrounding rock. Using this expression, in this case also, the temperature time series can then be corrected, giving a residual standard deviation smaller than 1.6 × 10^?3°C. Transient temporal variations of the PIT response are observed in all sites, with possible nonlinear components in the PIT. Such effects are not properly understood at this stage, and limit the reduction of time series to standard deviations of the order of 2 × 10^?3°C, and consequently limit the search for new transient or seasonal temperature signals, for example due to the presence of tiny heat sources in the cavity or to geodynamical effects.  相似文献   

扬子地块北缘晚二叠世长兴期岩相古地理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

牟传龙  王瑞华  谭钦银  付建元  程锦翔  王正和 《地学前缘》2011,18(4):1-8

扬子地块北缘与秦岭接壤,晚二叠世长兴期岩石地层单元为长兴组和大隆组。长兴组为一套碳酸盐岩沉积,沉积单元包括台地相、台地边缘礁滩相以及台地边缘斜坡相等;而大隆组则主要为一套灰黑至黑色薄层硅质岩、炭质页岩夹薄层泥晶灰岩,为一套较深水盆地沉积的产物。研究结果表明,这一深水盆地环境大致从西边的广元开始,向东经旺苍、南江与鄂西地区相连成为一广阔海域,扬子地块与华北地块隔海相望。这一沉积格局不仅为油气勘探工作的部署奠定了坚实的基础,而且可能反映出扬子地块与华北地块在此之前已经成为统一陆块。  相似文献