底水油层水平井产液剖面均衡性评价     

陈阳  张松  刘国亮  马德材  郭金城  邓国利  王绍先 《地质科技情报》2016,(4):111-114

胜利油田开采底水特征高含水油层的水平井数量多,其中油层向水平井非均衡供液现象普遍。为评价此类水平井产液剖面均衡性,量化其生产动态改善潜力,定义了产液剖面基尼系数GN,并结合现场案例介绍其计算方法,随后统计胜利油田60口样本井,分析GN对见水时间tRL和底水突破前累积产油量QRL的影响,最后据此对GN分级。计算和分析结果表明:GN可以整体表征实际非均衡产液剖面偏离理想均衡产液剖面的程度,通常取值0~1之间,数值越大,均衡性越差;划分GN0.1为产液剖面不均衡,其样本井数54口,占比90%,以理想均衡产液状态为基准,tRL和QRL分别至少有100%和69.5%的提升潜力。  相似文献   

斯维尔德鲁普盆地天然气水合物成藏条件及分布预测     

陈雨石  陈振林  李学杰 《地质科技情报》2016,(4):115-120

斯维尔德鲁普盆地是北极地区最重要的含油气盆地之一,研究者普遍认为这一地区可能具有良好的水合物资源潜力,已有的钻井勘探成果也显示了大量天然气水合物存在的迹象;目前国内对北极地区油气的研究尚处于起步阶段,对斯维尔德鲁普盆地也缺乏系统的认识。结合测井资料解释及国内外理论研究成果,介绍了斯维尔德鲁普盆地的油气地质背景,综合分析了盆内水合物成藏的气源条件、温压条件、构造条件和沉积条件,对水合物的分布范围做出了预测并初步估算了盆内水合物所含天然气的资源量。结果表明,斯维尔德鲁普盆地较好地满足了天然气水合物的成藏条件,盆内主要有3个水合物勘探远景区,资源潜力巨大。这一结论对未来在北极地区进行的油气勘探具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Tin partition behavior and implications for the Furong tin ore formation associated with peralkaline intrusive granite in Hunan Province,China     

Xiaoyan Hu  Xianwu Bi  Ruizhong Hu  Guosheng Cai  Youwei Chen 《中国地球化学学报》2016,35(2):138-147

Tin deposits are often closely associated with granitic intrusions. In this study, we analyzed tin partition coefficients between different fluids and melts (\({\text{D}}_{Sn}^{aq.fl./melt}\)) as well as various crystals and melts \({\text{D}}_{Sn}^{aq.fl./melt}\)(\({\text{D}}_{Sn}^{crystal/melt}\)) from the Furong tin deposit associated with the Qitianling A-type granite. Our experimental results indicate that tin partition behavior is affected by the chemical compositions of fluids, melts, and minerals. Tin is prone to partitioning into the residual magma in fractional crystallization or other differential magmatic processes if the magma originated from crustal sources with high alkali content, high volatile content, and low oxygen fugacity. Highly evolved residual peralkaline granitic magma enriched in tin can lead to tin mineralization in a later stage. Furthermore, the volatiles F and Cl in the magma play important roles in tin partitioning behavior. Low F contents in the melt phase and high Cl content in the aqueous fluid phase are favorable factors for tin partitioning in the aqueous fluid phase. High Cl content in the aqueous fluid catalyzes water–rock interaction and leads to the extraction of tin from tin-bearing minerals. All these findings support a hydrothermal origin for the tin deposits. In light of the geotectonic setting, petrochemical characteristics, and mineralizing physicochemical conditions of the Furong tin deposit, it is inferred that the ore-forming fluid of the Furong tin ore deposit could have derived from the Qitianling peralkaline intrusion.  相似文献   

航空重力仪减振系统振动研究     

屈进红  周锡华  姜作喜  王蓬  高维 《物探与化探》2016,(4):831-837

航空重力减振系统是有效减弱机载环境下高频振动的主要途径,从而提高航空重力的测量精度。因此,设计减振系统的首要问题是设定其合理的刚度、阻尼和质量等重要的特性参数。笔者通过建立航空重力仪两种减振系统类型运动微分方程,经过理论和实例探讨了减振系统模型,旨在深入了解航空重力减振系统的减振规律,为其特性参数设计提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Fractionation characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) linked with secondary Fe,Mn, and Al minerals in soils     

Chunying Chang  Fangbai Li  Chengshuai Liu  Jianfeng Gao  Hui Tong  Manjia Chen 《中国地球化学学报》2016,35(4):329-339

Soil secondary minerals are important scavengers of rare earth elements (REEs) in soils and thus affect geochemical behavior and occurrence of REEs. The fractionation of REEs is a common geochemical phenomenon in soils but has received little attention, especially fractionation induced by secondary minerals. In this study, REEs (La to Lu and Y) associated with soil-abundant secondary minerals Fe-, Al-, and Mn-oxides in 196 soil samples were investigated to explore the fractionation and anomalies of REEs related to the minerals. The results show right-inclined chondrite-normalized REE patterns for La–Lu in soils subjected to total soil digestion and partial soil extraction. Light REEs (LREEs) enrichment features were negatively correlated with a Eu anomaly and positively correlated with a Ce anomaly. The fractionation between LREEs and heavy REEs (HREEs) was attributed to the high adsorption affinity of LREEs to secondary minerals and the preferred activation/leaching of HREEs. The substantial fractions of REEs in soils extracted by oxalate and Dithionite-Citrate-Bicarbonate buffer solutions were labile (10 %–30 %), which were similar to the mass fraction of Fe (10 %–20 %). Furthermore, Eu was found to be more mobile than the other REEs in the soils, whereas Ce was less mobile. These results add to our understanding of the distribution and geochemical behavior of REEs in soils, and also help to deduce the conditions of soil formation from REE fractionation.  相似文献   

Groundwater System Division and Description of Asia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Fawang  YI Qing  CHENG Yanpei  YUE Chen  DONG Hua 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(4):1434-1443

Based on landform, climate, river system, geological structure and hydrogeological structure and from the perspective of systematology, the groundwater system of Asia can be divided into 36 secondary groundwater systems under 11 primary ones by the intercontinental scale. This forms part of the work of the groundwater series map of Asia, which is compiled according to groundwater system division and evaluation of the total amount and types of aquifer, reflecting the large-scale features of groundwater resources in Asia. Systematic profiling of groundwater in this way provides a scientific basis for groundwater exploitation planning and management in Asia, and avoiding disputes over groundwater resources and the environment among Asian countries.  相似文献   

Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of Overpressure in the Depressions of Bohai Bay Basin, China     

LIU Hu  JING Chen  JIANG Youlu  SONG Guoqi  YU Qianqian  FENG Yuelin 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(6):2216-2228

The distribution and genetic mechanisms of abnormal pressures in the Bohai Bay Basin were systematically analyzed. Abnormal pressures are widely developed in the Bohai Bay Basin, primarily in the Paleogene E2s4, E2s3, Es1, and Ed formations. From the onshore area of the Bohai Bay Basin to the center of the Bozhong area, the top depth of the overpressured zone in each depression increases gradually, the overpressured strata in each depression gradually move to younger formations, and the pressure structure successively alters from single-bottom- overpressure to double-bottom-overpressure and finally to double-top-overpressure. The distribution of overpressured area is consistent with the sedimentary migration controlled by the tectonic evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin, which is closely related to the hydrocarbon-generation capability of active source rocks. The overpressured strata are consistent with the source-rock intervals in each depression; the top of the overpressured zone is synchronous with the hydrocarbon generation threshold in each depression; the hydrocarbon generation capability is positively correlated with the overpressure magnitude in each formation. Undercompaction was the main mechanism of overpressure for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients less than 1.2, whereas hydrocarbon generation was the main mechanism for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients greater than 1.5.  相似文献   

紫色土水分特征曲线室内测定方法的对比   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王红兰  唐翔宇  鲜青松  刘琛  关卓 《水科学进展》2016,27(2):240-248

为探寻全吸力范围内土壤水分特征曲线的可靠测定方法,采用沙箱排水法、Hyprop仪蒸发法、压力膜仪排水法和露点水势仪蒸发法分吸力段测定盐亭紫色土耕地表层2~7 cm和亚表层7~12 cm土壤的水分特征曲线,对比测定结果的方法间差异,并分析其原因。结果表明:对于表层和亚表层土壤,低吸力段(h >-100 cm)水分特征曲线的沙箱法和Hyprop仪法的均方根误差E_RMS (θ)均较小,在0.026~0.082 cm3/cm3范围内,确定系数R2均大于0.962,说明这两种方法测定结果之间差异不大。高吸力段(h <-330 cm)的压力膜仪法与露点仪法测定结果之间的差异较大,E_RMS (θ)为0.062~0.097 cm3/cm3,R2较低,为0.775~0.952。因此,全吸力范围内水分特征曲线测定方法的选择与组合应考虑土壤孔径分布特征和研究目的。  相似文献   

连续弯道水流模拟中二次流修正效果评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周刚  姚仕明  秦翠翠  贾鹏 《水科学进展》2016,27(2):266-279

为了选择适用于复杂连续弯道的二次流修正方法,选取了线性方法中两种典型的计算模式,通过在正交曲线坐标系二维浅水动量方程中增加扩散应力项开发了考虑二次流影响的平面二维水流模型。基于不同复杂度的4个连续弯道试验的水位和流速分布资料,通过理论分析和数值试验对比定量评估了传统二维模型和两种二次流修正方法在连续弯道水流模拟中的效果。测试结果表明,Delft3D模型的二次流修正方法自由度较高,适用于不同复杂度的连续弯道水流模拟,而Lien模型二次流修正方法适用于微弯或中弯,应用于中弯时需要慎重选用,不适用于急弯连续弯道模拟。两种方法比较,建议连续弯道水流模拟中优选Delft3D模型的二次流修正方法。  相似文献   

横向振动格栅紊流紊动特性试验          下载免费PDF全文

李文杰  刘华  杨胜发  王涛  张鹏 《水科学进展》2016,27(1):49-56

建立了一套大尺度格栅紊流试验系统,格栅进行有别于传统垂向模式的横向振动,采用粒子图像测速技术(Particle Image Velocimetry,PIV)测量流速。对瞬时流速的检验表明,该系统产生的紊流场具有较强的随机性和统计规律性。均方根流速在格栅片附近变化较大,在两片格栅中间处趋于稳定,纵向均方根流速明显大于垂向均方根流速,二者比值在1.5~2.0之间,接近天然明渠紊流。雷诺应力在距格栅越近处波动越大,随着距格栅距离的增加而减小,至两片格栅中间处雷诺应力基本为0。时间和长度积分尺度在格栅片处最小,随着距格栅距离的增加而线性增加,至两片格栅中间处达到最大值。流速能谱呈现Kolmogorov理论的-5/3次方规律。本系统生成的紊流场的统计规律与传统的垂向振动格栅紊流较为一致,但纵向和垂向的紊动强度更接近实际,为后续紊流中泥沙和污染物等运动机理的研究奠定了基础。  相似文献