三峡库区地震精定位中确定速度模型的方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵旭  李强  刘瑞丰  蔡晋安 《地震地磁观测与研究》2009,30(3):27-35

研究三峡库区地震精定位中确定速度模型的方法,分析不同速度模型对地震定位精度的影响,并选取多种方法来定量评价不同速度模型的地震定位精度。当地震分布或台站能够较好的覆盖研究区域,采用Kissling方法拟合观测数据得到的速度模型地震定位精度最高。当地震分布不能较好的覆盖研究区域,由人工地震测深结果得到的速度模型地震定位精度次之。当没有足够的观测数据,也没有人工地震测深结果,综合研究区域内的相关研究成果确定的速度模型也是可用的,但是地震定位的精度不高,特别是震源深度的精度很差。  相似文献   

长白山天池火山监测预警平台构建技术研究     

张羽  冯启民  刘瑞丰  杨清福 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(2):201-212

长白山天池火山是我国最具潜在喷发可能的活火山,至今尚未建立和提出火山监测预警平台的构建技术。本文分析讨论了国外多个灾害预警系统案例,借鉴国内外成熟思路,得出一套适应长白山天池火山地理和火山监测手段的火山监测预警平台构建技术。研究结果表明,火山监测预警平台可提供海量数据库存储与管理,实时数据传输和实时处理,危险性分级,灾情、灾评信息速报,预警级别发布,信息传播与共享功能。具有为政府应急决策、公众逃生避险、重大工程实施紧急处置提供及时火山预警服务的实际意义。  相似文献   

北京山区沟域经济发展的空间结构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张义丰  贾大猛  张宏业  谭杰  宋思雨  孙瑞峰 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(2):331-345

Valley economy is a new mode in mountainous area development that is defined by various characters of valley development, and is a distinguishing economical geographic pattern for mountainous area development. The special spatial coupling relations in the distribution of different mountainous elements in valleys are new subjects for the mountain development studies, and such studies are meaningful both for researches and practices. Based on the long term researches on mountainous area development and following a brief exploration into the connotations and the spatial organizing process of valley economy, the authors analyzed the present situations of the development of valley economy in Beijing’s mountainous areas, studied the characteristics and the impacts of the spatial structural changes of the valley economy in Beijing’s mountainous areas, and finally proposed a rational arrangement of the spatial structure of the valley economy in Beijing’s mountainous areas. It is considered in this study that valley economy plays an important role in the development and functional transformation in Beijing’s mountainous areas in the new epoch. Firstly, valley economy is not outlined by the administrative boundaries, and it connects most of the villages in the mountainous areas roughly along the major transportation lines. Therefore, valley economy can exert positive influence on the development in the mountainous areas, at least in the aspects such as the rearrangement of industrial structure in the mountainous areas and the coordinated development of rural and urban areas. In addition, it is found that the valley economy in Beijing’s mountainous areas is evolved in a spatial organizing stage of secondary concentration, which is characterized by resource-saving, ecological protection and industrial optimization. Therefore, the development of valley economy will be helpful to the coordination between ecological protection and economic development in the mountainous areas, and will promote the integrated development of the mountainous areas. The developing mode of the valley economy in Beijing’s mountainous areas will provide the basis for the decision-making in the transformation of the functional roles of Beijing’s mountainous areas, and on the other hand, will present experiences for the studies in the mountainous areas outside of Beijing.  相似文献   

Empirical models of calculating phreatic evaporation from bare soil in Tarim river basin,Xinjiang   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shunjun Hu  Ruifeng Zhao  Changyan Tian  Yudong Song 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2009,59(3):663-668

Based on the experimental data at the Akesu Water Balance Experimental Station (AWBES) from 1990 to 1996, the control conditions of establishing calculation models of phreatic evaporation have been analyzed, the empirical formulae for calculating the phreatic evaporation have been presented. The results show that as for a given phreatic depth, the phreatic evaporation increases nonlinearly with pan evaporation, when pan evaporation reaches the infinity, the phreatic evaporation is close to limiting phreatic evaporation. The new models overcome the disadvantages of phreatic evaporation overestimation when atmospheric evaporation demand is great and the linear relationship between phreatic evaporation and pan evaporation. With a high accuracy, the new models are appropriate to be applied in similar regions without observed data.  相似文献   

IASPEI新震级标度与传统震级标度的对比   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任克新  刘瑞丰  张立文  徐志国  邹立晔 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(5):16-21

通过对世界上主要地震台网中心几十年来震级测定结果的对比分析,针对数字地震记录频带宽、动态范围大的特点,国际地震学与地球内部物理学协会（IASPEI）震级工作组于2003年提出了新的震级标度和测定方法,新的震级标度包括地方性震级ML、面波震级Msc（20）和Ms（BB）、体波震级mb和mB、区域Lg震级mb（Lg）和矩震级MW,本文介绍了这些新震级及其测定方法,并将这些震级与我国传统震级mb、mB、MS7、Ms在计算公式、振幅量取、周期范围和震中距范围几个方面进行了详细的比较。  相似文献   

Shaking table tests and dynamic analyses of masonry wall buildings with frame-shear walls at lower stories   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

David Xiong 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(3):271-283

This paper describes shaking table tests of three eight-story building models： all are masonry structures in the upper stories, with or without frame-shear walls of one- or two- stories at the bottom. The test results of damage characteristics and seismic responses are provided and compared. Then, nonlinear response analyses are conducted to examine the reliability of the dynamic analysis. Finally, many nonlinear response analyses are performed and it is concluded that for relatively hard sites under a certain lateral stiffness ratio （i.e., the ratio of the stiffness of the lowest upper masonry story to that of the frame- shear wall story）, the masonry structure with one-story frame-shear wall at the bottom performs better than a structure built entirely of masonry, and a masonry structure with frame-shear wall of two stories performs better than with one-story frame- shear wall. In relatively soft soil conditions, all three structures have similar performane. In addition, some suggestions that could be helpful for design of masonry structures with ground story of frame-shear wall structure in seismic intensity region VII, such as the appropriate lateral stiffness ratio, shear force increase factor of the frame-shear wall story, and permissible maximum height of the building, are proposed.  相似文献   

采用IPsec VPN技术快速构建省级应急信息上报网络     

黄瑞锋  张阳  焦煦 《国土资源信息化》2011,(4)

针对当前政府对应急信息报送的要求,以及目前实际存在的问题,提出基于IPsec协议的VPN应用到应急信息上报网络的建设中,提供了安全、方便、经济、实用的业务承载网络。简要介绍了IPsec VPN技术,分析了工作原理,并结合实际需求,确定作者在其具体网络建设中所选择采用的VPN技术细节,实现地域分布广阔的多数量信息报送点的安全接入,提高了信息时效性及价值。  相似文献   

基于生态恢复的塔里木河干流生态需水量预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭斌  王新平  李瑛  李慧敏  李卫红  赵锐锋 《地理科学进展》2010,29(9)

以2005年为现状年,用定额法、潜水蒸发法和地下水储量变化法估算出塔里木河干流的生态需水量,其结果分别为33.89×108 m3、23.97×108 m3和33.07×108 m3,通过分析得到现状年合理的生态需水量为30.31×108 m3.并根据阿克苏、沙雅、库车、轮台、库尔勒、尉犁和铁干里克7个气象站1995-2004年的月平均蒸发量,采用阿维里扬诺夫公式和群克水均衡场公式对塔里木河干流天然植被的月潜水蒸发量进行计算,在此基础上计算月生态需水量.通过分析发现,植被生长期(4-10月)的生态需水量占全年生态需水量的86%,尤其是植被生长旺盛时期的5-8月的生态需水量占全年的59%.根据制定的生态恢复方案,用定额法和潜水蒸发法预测3个目标年的生态需水量,将两者计算结果加以算术平均,得到2010、2015及2020年合理的生态需水量分别为31.88×108 m3、34.08×108 m3及36.84×108 m3,为塔里木河流域的水资源优化配置提供科学依据.  相似文献   

2009年度山东及邻近地区地震波速比变化特征分析     

赵金花  陆汉鹏  许萍  田凤东  刘瑞峰 《高原地震》2010,22(1):6-9

利用2008年10月至2009年9月山东及邻近地区发生的215次ML≥1.0级地震的数字化地震资料,计算其波速比值,并根据波速比的变化特征,对2010年度山东及邻省地区的地震趋势进行分析,认为山东及邻近地区的地震活动及地震波速比变化没有明显的异常显示特征。  相似文献   

古尔班通古特沙漠植被与环境关系分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钱亦兵  吴兆宁  赵锐锋  张立运 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(4):400-414

The Gurbantunggut Desert is the largest stable and semi-stable sand desert in China, yet few data exist on vegetation pattern and species-environment relationships for these diverse desert landscapes. The sand dunes of the survey area are mainly of the longi- tudinal form from north to south, but checkerboard-shaped and honeycomb-shaped forms are also present, with the height of 10-50 m. We measured vegetation and soil data on north-south transects and compared them with vegetation and soil data on east-west transects. Analysis revealed that the varying trend and strength of the species diversity, dominance and cover of the plant communities in the longitudinal and transverse directions across the landscape are significantly different. The results of CCA ordination show that the microhabitats of soil organic matter （OM）, soil salts （TS）, sorting index （ σ ）, topsoil water-content （SM） and pH relate to the differences in vegetation observed as differences in species assemblage from salt-intolerant ephemerals, micro-subshrubs and subshrubs to salt-tolerant shrubs and micro-arbors. The terrain （alt.） and soil texture （the contents of Mz and Ф 1） affect the spatial differentiation of many species. However, this spatial differentiation is not so marked on transects running longitudinally with the landscape, in the same direction as the dunes. The species of the desert vegetation have formed three assemblages under the action of habitat gradients, relating to three sections running transversely across the landscape, at right angles to the direction of the dune crests. In the mid-east section of the study area the topography is higher, with sand-lands or dune-slopes with coarse particles. Here the dominant vegetation comprises shrubs and subshrubs of Seriphidium santofium and Ephedra distachya, with large numbers of ephemeral and ephemeroid plants of Senecio subdentatus, and Carex physodes in spring and summer. On the soil of the dune-slopes in the mid-west of the study area, with coarse partic  相似文献