不同间距双排尼龙阻沙网防风效应的风洞模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁鑫鑫  王海峰  雷加强  李生宇  康向光  马学喜 《中国沙漠》2016,36(5):1238-1246

为揭示风速和间距对双排尼龙阻沙网防风效应的影响,开展对2H、5H、10H、15H（H为尼龙网高度）间距尼龙阻沙网在6、9、12 m·s^-1风速下的风洞模拟试验,对不同风速、间距下加速率等值线、变化趋势和防风效能进行对比分析。结果表明：①风速和间距对双排尼龙阻沙网加速率极小值出现的相对位置基本无影响,但后排网后极小值小于前排网后,两排尼龙网对风场的影响存在累加效应。②双排尼龙阻沙网防风效应随来流风速增大而明显降低。③2H、5H间距双排尼龙阻沙网防风效应相对较好,5H最优,10H最差该结果与相同间距设置的野外实验相一致。实际应用中尼龙阻沙网的布设应综合考虑风况、布设间距等因素,笔者建议双排尼龙阻沙网布设间距采用5H。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙粒胶结体的粒度特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

樊瑞静  李生宇  俞祥祥  冯筱  马学喜  孙娜  周杰 《中国沙漠》2017,37(6):1059-1065

对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙粒胶结体进行溶蚀分散获取组成沙粒,采用激光粒度仪分析粒度成分,并与区域内沙丘沙、垄间平地沙和风沙流输沙的粒度特征进行对比,分析沙粒胶结体的粒度特征。结果表明：（1）沙粒胶结体中沙粒粒径呈多峰态分布,垄间平地沙呈双峰态分布,而沙丘沙和风沙流输沙呈单峰态分布;（2）沙粒胶结体内沙粒分选性较差,偏度属正偏,平均粒径（3.17 Φ）介于沙丘沙（3.10 Φ）和垄间地沙（3.28 Φ）、风沙流输沙（3.67 Φ）之间;（3）沙粒胶结体中沙物质主要组分为细沙和极细沙,与沙丘沙、垄间平沙地沙一致,而与风沙流输沙（极细沙和粉沙）不一致。与沙丘沙、垄间平地沙以及风沙流输沙相比,沙粒胶结体中粉沙、黏土和中沙相对富集,是现代地表物质的混合物;（4）与沙丘沙、垄间平地沙和风沙流输沙相比,沙粒胶结体内沙粒的蠕移-跃移、跃移-悬移截点粒径均偏细,蠕移组分所占比重很高。从组成颗粒的粒度组成来看,沙粒胶结体的形成受局地沙源和风动力的共同影响,是特殊环境条件下现代地表过程的产物。  相似文献   

Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the relationship between environmental factors of the sea around Xiaoheishan Island in China     

张智鹏  唐学玺  唐海田  宋静静  周健  刘洪军  王其翔 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,35(1):163-173

Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the relationship between environmental factors of the sea area around Xiaoheishan Island are investigated in the present study. Xiaoheishan Island is located at 37°58′14″N and 120°38′46″E in Shandong Province, China. A total of 65 species of phytoplankton belonging to three phyla and 27 genera were identified, with Bacillariophyta having the largest number of species. The annual average chlorophyll a concentration for this area was 3.11 μg/L, and there occurs a Skeletonema costatum bloom in winter. The Shannon-Weaver indexes(log_2) of the phytoplankton from all stations were higher than 1, and the Pielou indexes were all higher than 0.3. The results of the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicated that water temperature, PO_4~(3ˉ) and Cu were the environmental factors that had the greatest influence on the distribution of the phytoplankton community throughout the entire year. Although the concentration of heavy metal is well up to the state standards of the first grade of China(GB 3097-1997), these metals still have an impact on the phytoplankton community from this area.  相似文献   

Effects of UV-B radiation on tetraspores of Chondrus ocellatus Holm (Rhodophyta), and effects of red and blue light on repair of UV-B-induced damage     

鞠青  肖慧  王悠  唐学玺 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):650-663

We evaluated the effects of red and blue light on the repair of UV-B radiation-induced damage in tetraspores of Chondrus ocellatus Holm. Tetraspores of C. ocellatus were treated with different UV-B radiation levels(0,36,72,108,144 and 180 J/m2),and thereafter subjected to PAR,darkness,or red or blue light during a 2-h repair stage,each day for 48 days. The diameters and cellular contents of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmers(CPDs),chlorophyll a(Chl a),phycoerythrin,and UV-B-absorbing mycosporinelike amino acids(MAAs) contents of the tetraspores were determined. Our results show that low doses of UV-B radiation(36 and 72 J/m 2) promoted the growth of C. ocellatus; however,increased UV-B radiation gradually reduced the C. ocellatus growth(greater than 72 J/m2). The MAAs(palythine and asterina-330) in C. ocellatus were detected and analyzed by LC/MS. Our results suggest that moderate red light could induce the growth of this alga in aquaculture. In addition,photorepair was inhibited by red light,so there may be some other DNA repair mechanism activated by red light. Blue light promoted the activity of DNA photolyase,greatly improving remediation efficiency. Red and blue lights were found to reduce the capacity of C. ocellatus to form MAAs. Therefore,PAR,red light,and blue light play different roles during the repair processes for damage induced by UV-B radiation.  相似文献   

一种空间交叉异常显著性判别的非参数检验方法     

杨学习  邓敏  石岩  唐建波  刘启亮 《测绘学报》2018,47(9):1250-1260

空间异常探测旨在从海量空间数据中挖掘不符合普适性规律、表现出“与众不同”特性的空间实体集合,对于揭示地理现象的特殊发展规律具有重要价值。现有研究在空间异常度量方面取得了重要进展,但多缺乏对空间异常模式显著性的统计判别,且是针对单一类别数据,没有顾及多类别数据间的相互影响。为此,本文基于空间随机过程的思想,针对两种类别空间点数据,提出了一种空间交叉异常显著性判别的非参数检验方法。首先,针对基本数据集实体,采用约束Delaunay三角网,构建合理、稳定的空间邻近域;然后,统计落在基本数据集实体空间参考邻域半径范围内的参考数据集实体的数目,度量初始异常度;进而,采用α-Shape法构建支撑域,以空间随机过程为基础构建零模型,采用蒙特卡洛模拟检验空间异常的显著性;最后,采用生存距离对异常模式的稳定性进行评价分析。通过试验分析与比较发现,该方法能够有效识别具有统计显著性的空间交叉异常。  相似文献   

Analysis of cultivable aerobic bacterial community composition and screening for facultative sulfate-reducing bacteria in marine corrosive steel     

LI Xiaohong  XIAO Hui  ZHANG Wenjun  LI Yongqian  TANG Xuexi  DUAN Jizhou  YANG Zhibo  WANG Jing  GUAN Fang  DING Guoqing 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(2)

Anaerobic, aerobic, and facultative bacteria are all present in corrosive environments. However,as previous studies to address corrosion in the marine environment have largely focused on anaerobic bacteria, limited attention has been paid to the composition and function of aerobic and facultative bacteria in this process. For analysis in this study, ten samples were collected from rust layers on steel plates that had been immersed in seawater for dif ferent periods(i.e., six months and eight years) at Sanya and Xiamen,China. The cultivable aerobic bacterial community structure as well as the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) were analyzed in both cases, while the proportion of facultative SRB among the isolated aerobic bacteria in each sample was also evaluated using a novel approach. Bacterial abundance results show that the proportions are related to sea location and immersion time; abundances of culturable aerobic bacteria(CAB) and SRB from Sanya were greater in most corrosion samples than those from Xiamen,and abundances of both bacterial groups were greater in samples immersed for six months than for eight years. A total of 213 isolates were obtained from all samples in terms of CAB community composition,and a phylogenetic analysis revealed that the taxa comprised four phyla and 31 genera. Bacterial species composition is related to marine location; the results show that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, accounting for 98.13% of the total, while Bacillus and Vibrio were the dominant genera,accounting for 53.06% of the total. An additional six facultative SRB strains were also screened from the isolates obtained and were found to encompass the genus Vibrio(four strains), Staphylococcus(one strain),and Photobacterium(one strain). It is noteworthy that mentions of Photobacterium species have so far been absent from the literature, both in terms of its membership of the SRB group and its relationship to corrosion.  相似文献   

Bacterial communities fluctuate in abundance and diversity under simulated oil-contaminated seawater conditions     

LI Xiaohong  YOU Cai  QU Liang  ZHOU Bin  TANG Xuexi  XIAO Hui 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(2)

Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis(ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria(40.98%)replaced Epsilonproteobacteria(51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria(38.80%)became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater(32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample(16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.  相似文献   

Bacterial community succession in response to dissolved organic matter released from live jellyfish     

HAO Wenjin  WICHELS Antje  FUCHS Bernhardt  TANG Xuexi  GERDTS Gunnar 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(4)

Jellyfish blooms have increased worldwide,and the outbreaks of jellyfish population not only affect the food web structures via voracious predation but also play an important role in the dynamics of nutrients and oxygen in planktonic food webs.However,it remains unclear whether specific carbon compounds released through j ellyfish metabolic processes have the potential to shape bacterial community composition.Therefore,in this study,we aimed to investigate the compositional succession of the bacterioplankton community in response to the dissolved organic matter(DOM)released by the live Scyphomedusae Cyanea lamarcki'i and Chrysaora hysoscella collected from Helgoland Roads of the North Sea.The bacterial community was significantly stimulated by the DOM released form live jellyfish and different dominant phylotypes were observed for these two Scyphomedusae species.Furthermore,the bacterial community structures in the different DOM sources,jellyfish-incubated media,Kabeltonne seawater,and artificial seawater(DOM-free)were significantly different,as revealed by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analy sis fingerprints.Catalyzed reporter depo sition fluorescence in situ hybridization(CARD-FISH)revealed a rapid species-specific shift in bacterial community composition.Gammaproteobacteria dominated the community instead of the Bacteroidetes community for C.lamarckii,whereas Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated the community for C.hysoscella.The significant differences in the bacterial community composition and succession indicate that the components of the DOM released by jellyfish might differ with jellyfish species.  相似文献   

Biotic and Abiotic Conditions Can Change the Reproductive Allocation of Zostera marina Inhabiting the Coastal Areas of North China     

WANG Ming  ZHANG Huanxin  TANG Xuexi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(2):528-536

The relationships between reproductive allocation and different factors have been widely recognized for terrestrial plants, but scarcely for marine angiosperms. Focusing on the seagrass Zostera marina, we examined the change in biomass when it was partitioned to growth, vegetative propagation and reproductive allocation of Z. marina. We also evaluated the relationships between reproductive allocation and biotic and abiotic conditions in the coastal areas of north China. The results indicated that the reproductive allocation of Z. marina at the levels of genet, shoot and spathe was positively correlated with shoot characteristics such as height and biomass(P < 0.01), but was negatively correlated with branch number and leaf number per genet(P < 0.01). In addition, the allocation was also affected by other abiotic factors such as water column phosphate concentration(P < 0.05) and sediment total petroleum(P < 0.01). These findings indicated that both biotic and abiotic conditions significantly influenced the reproductive allocation of Z. marina, which may affect further the population dynamics.  相似文献   

藻类类胡萝卜素合成通路基因的系统发育分析     

王珊珊  张磊  池珊  王国良  王绪敏  刘涛  唐学玺 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):89-101

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