1949—2019年中国自然地理学与生存环境应用研究进展   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈发虎  吴绍洪  崔鹏  蔡运龙  张镱锂  尹云鹤  刘国彬  欧阳竹  马巍  杨林生  吴铎  雷加强  张国友  邹学勇  陈晓清  谈明洪  王训明  包安明  程维新  党小虎  韦炳干  王国梁  王五一  张兴权  刘晓晨  李生宇 《地理学报》2020,75(9):1799-1830

自然地理学是一门以基础研究见长的自然科学,其研究对象是与人类生存和发展密切相关的自然环境。中国的自然环境复杂多样,自然地理学家根据国家需求和区域发展在应用基础和应用研究方面同样取得显著成效,为国家重大经济建设、社会发展的规划,宏观生态系统与资源环境保护及区域可持续发展做出了重要贡献。本文总结了1949—2019年中国自然地理学在自然环境区域差异与自然区划、土地利用与覆被变化、自然灾害致灾因子和风险防控、荒漠化过程与防治、黄淮海中低产田改造、冻土区工程建设、地球化学元素异常和地方病防治、自然地理要素定位观测、地理空间分异性识别和地理探测器等方面的实践与应用,指出了未来自然地理学的应用研究方向。  相似文献   

不同固有频率比条件下圆柱双自由度涡激振动特性的数值研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

翟云贺  康庄  宋儒鑫  孙丽萍 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):50-59

采用RANS方法,结合SST k-ω湍流模型,对不同顺流向与横顺流向固有频率的比值(即固有频率比,fnx/fny)条件下低质量比圆柱体的双自由度涡激振动进行了二维数值模拟。圆柱体的质量比为2.6,雷诺数范围为2 500~18 750,相应的约化速度范围为2~15,包括了经典试验中出现的整个锁定范围。通过研究发现,固有频率比是影响振动特性的重要参数,随着固有频率比的增加,响应幅值逐渐降低且向更高的约化速度偏移;在低约化速度范围内,固有频率比对顺流向和横流向振动之间的相位差以及升力频率有较大影响,从而得到各种不同偏向的8字形轨迹;最后对不同固有频率比条件下的尾涡模式进行了讨论,给出了对应不同约化速度时的尾涡模式。  相似文献   

Eco-geographical Regionalization of China:An Approach Using the Rough Set Method     

DENG Haoyu  WU Shaohong  YIN Yunhe  GAO Jiangbo  ZHAO Dongsheng 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2022,(1):93-109

Eco-geographical regionalization involves dividing land into regions by considering both intra-regional consistency and interregional disparity and is based on the pattern of differentiation of eco-geographical elements.Owing to the complexity of the land surface,and the limitation of data and appropriate methods,regions in China have hitherto been mapped manually,meaning that the process of mapping was non-repeatable.To make the regionalization technique repeatable,this study aimed to extract and quantify the expert knowledge of regionalization using an automated method.The rough set method was adopted to extract rules of regionalization based on the existing eco-geographical regionalization map of China,as well as its corresponding meteorological and geological datasets.Then,the rules for regionalization were obtained hierarchically for each natural domain,each temperature zone,and each humidity region.Owing to differences in zonal differentiation,the rule extraction sequence for the eastern monsoon zone and Tibetan Alpine zone was temperature zone first followed by humidity region,with the reverse order being applied for the northwest arid/semi-arid zone.Results show that the extracted indicators were similar to those of the existing(expert-produced)regionalization scheme but more comprehensive.The primary indicator for defining temperature zones was the≥10℃ growing season,and the secondary indicators were the January and July mean temperatures.The primary and secondary indicators for identifying humid regions were aridity index and precipitation,respectively.Eco-geographical regions were mapped over China using these rules and the gridded indicators.Both the temperature zones and humidity regions mapped by the rules show≥85%consistency with the existing regionalization,which is higher than values for mapping by the commonly used simplified method that uses the classification of one indicator.This study demonstrates that the proposed rough set method can establish eco-geographical regionalization that is quantitative and repeatable and able to dynamically updated.  相似文献   

储液池的抗震问题探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘云贺  王克成  陈厚群 《地震工程与工程振动》2005,25(1):149-154

应用流体固体动力耦合统一分析模型的有限元法，进行了储液池的抗震分析。分别探讨了储液池内液体的液面大幅波动、池壁刚度变化、池的深宽比等对地震响应的影响。研究结果表明：储液池壁刚度是比较敏感的物理量，弹性比刚性池壁与液体相互作用的非线性行为强，池壁所受流体的作用力大；液面波的影响也有同样规律，刚性池壁情况下考虑面波与否影响不太大，但弹性池壁却有较大影响；另外宽池比窄池的响应强。  相似文献   

Aridity/humidity status of land surface in China during the last three decades   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

WU Shaohong  YIN Yunhe    ZHENG Du & YANG Qinye . Institute of Geographical Sciences  Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1510-1518

To understand regional status and differences is groundwork for researching environmental change, such as regional response to global change, land use/land-cover change, land desertification, and sand/dust storms. At present, geographers are search- ing for driving forces of environmental change and making efforts to reflect human actions on these changes[1―4]. To recognize regional difference, most researches focus on single factor, such as temperature, precipitation, soil and vegetation. Ho…  相似文献   

测绘地理信息与人工智能2.0融合发展的方向     

张广运  张荣庭  戴琼海  陈军  潘云鹤 《测绘学报》2021,50(8):1096-1108

面向人工智能2.0时代,在分析测绘地理信息发展现状的基础上,研究推动测绘地理信息迈向智能2.0时代的驱动力,并提出了建设测绘地理信息2.0时代的重点任务.在基础理论方面,提出需在时空大数据孪生环境、时空信息知识图谱、真三维深度神经网络、时空大数据动态预测推理等理论方面展开攻关;在关键技术方面,强调大数据智能、跨媒体智能、群体智能、混合增强智能和自主无人系统五大智能技术与测绘地理信息进行融合的方法;在平台方面,强调了智能测绘地理信息软硬件平台的重要作用和构建方式;最后以自然资源智能监测和室内外一体化智能导航为典型案例,分析了相关的理论、技术和平台在测绘地理信息行业的实际应用.通过本文的论述,理清了人工智能赋能测绘地理信息的内涵、重点内容和路径,为测绘地理信息迈向智能化2.0新时代提供了一种思考.  相似文献   

Advances in terrestrial system research in China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Shaohong Wu  Yunhe Yin  Du Zheng  Qinye Yang  Haoyu Deng 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(7):791-802

Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system (TS) comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a vast area with apparent spatial variations in resources and environmental conditions, which highly influence on socio-economic development. In this paper, progress of the TS studies in China is overviewed and research priorities in the near future are prospected. Since the 1950s, China has paid great attention to the TS study as its socio-economic development, and conducted research on physical geographical regionalization, eco-geographical regionalization and comprehensive regionalization. Along with the deepening of global change research, dynamics of TS have been highly concerned. During the studies, methodology has been developed from qualitative research of integration of experts’ brainpower gradually to quantitative research based on field observation and experiments of the natural processes, including physical, chemical and biological processes, as well as application of information technology and mathematical simulation. In the near future, TS would combine with the ideology, objectives and key researches of Future Earth program, to focus on the mechanism and regional effects of interaction among land surface elements, the response of TS to global change, the quantitative recognition on regional unit boundary, and the application to TS in sustainable socio-economic development.  相似文献   

基于电场不连续边界条件的层状介质电磁格林函数计算     

翁爱华  刘云鹤  贾定宇  殷长春 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(2):603-609,631

给出了适用于全空间层状模型偶极子源格林函数的去奇异性广义描述技术。过源平行于层界面设置一个虚界面,使相邻层界面限制的区域中电磁矢量势函数可以分解为TE模式和TM模式标量势函的叠加,且它们都满足齐次Helmhlotz方程,相应的解可以通过叠加上行波和下行波函数得到。源的奇异性被耦合到切向电磁场所满足的不连续边界条件上,并通过反射系数所描述的振幅递推关系延拓到其他任意层中,实现了全空间任意位置格林函数的计算。该思路被应用到VED源激发的海洋电磁模型数值模拟中,计算结果很好地反映了电磁场在海洋模型中的传播过程,验证了该技术思路的正确性。  相似文献   

Electromagnetic fields from a horizontal electrical dipole buried in ocean     

JIA Dingyu  WENG Aihua  LIU Yunhe  YIN Changchun 《世界地质(英文版)》2012,15(2):176-181

Marine controlled source electromagnetic signal could be used in mineral resource exploration,reservoir appraisal and communicative technique in ocean. It’s necessary to study the electromagnetic generated by MCSEM. The propagation of the electromagnetic fields from a controlled source in the marine environment was studied with virtual interface method combined with discrete complex image method. Transmitter of finite length current source is approximated by dipole (HED) . A three-layered model is accepted,with sea water as intermediate conductive layer under air and a relatively high resistive seabed as basement,possibly containing a hydrogen layer of higher resistivity. The electromagnetic fields in whole space thus computed show that: (1) the spatial distribution of field component depends on its type; (2) inline Ex component is more sensitive to reservoir layer than that in broadside; (3) The airwave affects marine electromagnetic (MEM) exploration when sea water is relatively shallow; in the case of deep water MEM exploration,the airwave influence could be neglected; and (4) an appropriate frequency should be selected in order to balance the signal strength and electromagnetic induction effect.  相似文献   

1981-2010 年气候变化对青藏高原实际蒸散的影响   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

尹云鹤  吴绍洪  赵东升  郑度  潘韬 《地理学报》2012,67(11):1471-1481

基于1981-2010 年青藏高原80 个气象台站观测数据, 通过改进的LPJ 动态植被模型, 模拟并分析了青藏高原实际蒸散及其与降水的平衡关系(P-E) 的时空变化。研究结果表明, 在过去三十年来青藏高原气候呈现以变暖为主要特征的背景下, 降水量整体略有增加, 潜在蒸散呈减少趋势, 特别是2000 年以前减少趋势显著;青藏高原大部分地区实际蒸散呈增加趋势, P-E的变化趋势呈西北增加-东南减少的空间格局。大气水分蒸散发能力降低理论上会导致实际蒸散减少, 而青藏高原大部分地区实际蒸散增加, 主要影响因素是降水增加, 实际蒸散呈增加(减少) 趋势的区域中86% (73%) 的降水增加(减少)。  相似文献