黔南地区(黔紫页1井)发现上古生界海相页岩气          下载免费PDF全文

苑坤  王超  覃英伦  于抒放  陈榕  石砥石  包书景  林拓  周志 《中国地质》2017,44(6):1253-1254

<正>1研究目的(Objective)中国页岩气勘探已经在震旦系、寒武系、志留系等多个层系取得突破,而石炭系作为滇黔桂地区重要的泥页岩发育层位,分布广泛,厚度大,却仍未取得页岩气实质发现。黔南地区石炭系打屋坝组页岩具备典型的海相沉积特征,且页岩厚度大,有机质丰度高,热演化程度适中,具备形成页岩气的良好地质条件。然而,由于缺少针对石炭系的页岩  相似文献   

滇东南马关木厂新生代玄武岩中橄榄岩包体的含水性     

朱萌  王蓉  谢志鹏  范爱玲 《岩石矿物学杂志》2017,36(3):371-388

对来自滇东南马关木厂的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩中名义上无水矿物(NAMs)进行显微傅里叶变换红外光谱(Micro-FTIR)分析,结果显示,单斜辉石、斜方辉石和橄榄石中均含有以羟基形式存在的结构水,单斜辉石的水含量为160×10~(-6)~557×10~(-6)(质量分数,下同),斜方辉石的水含量为85×10~(-6)~207×10~(-6),橄榄石的水含量为5×10~(-6)~12×10~(-6),根据矿物百分比含量估算的全岩水含量为46×10~(-6)~137×10~(-6);元素地球化学特征表明,本次研究的橄榄岩包体是岩石圈地幔经历较低程度部分熔融的残余;低(La/Yb)N值(0.22~0.57)以及高Ti/Eu比值(4 076~6 772)暗示橄榄岩可能经历了以硅酸盐熔体为交代介质的微弱地幔交代作用;单斜辉石的微量元素组成比较单一,整体表现出高场强元素、大离子亲石元素以及轻稀土元素的同步亏损;结合中国东部地区已经发表的橄榄岩包体含水量数据来看,滇东南马关木厂岩石圈地幔具有明显富水的特征,可能与该区自中生代以来遭受的新特提斯洋壳大规模俯冲流体交代作用有关;与华北克拉通含水量的明显差异有可能反映的是两地岩石圈地幔正处于不同的演化阶段。  相似文献   

Hydrochemistry,multidimensional statistics,and rock mechanics investigations for Sanshandao Gold Mine,China     

Hongyu Gu  Fengshan Ma  Jie Guo  Kepeng Li  Rong Lu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(3):62

Prediction of bursting water in a submarine mine (Sanshandao Gold Mine) is very important. The aim of this study was to understand the water sources, mixing ratios, and flow paths in a mining region by using hydrochemistry, principal component analysis (PCA), and rock mechanics. Field observations reveal that there are unusual geothermal gradients and complicated geological conditions. Samples collected from the surface and every depth of the tunnel were analyzed for various ions and isotopes (¹⁸O and D). PCA was used to identify the most likely water sources on the foundation of hydrochemistry and a conceptual model. Four kinds of water sources were identified: (1) water mixture of surface freshwater and seawater, (2) brine derived from a deep closed environment, (3) thermal brine derived from the northwestern fault (F3), and (4) Quaternary water. The water sources were variable with time at a sampling site. The combination of water sources in a specific sampling campaign can be decided by the positive scores on principal components (PCs). The PCA results indicate that the first and the fourth kind of water source appear in the deep tunnel with the continual mining activity. Mixing ratio calculations for each sampling campaign show that the first and the fourth kind of water source constitute a small proportion of the total water. The main water sources are the second and third kinds of water. Finally, water flow paths were determined based on the PCA, and rock mechanics is used to explain the change in the water flow paths after excavation. The results show the following: (1) There are several strong water diversion zones that distribute at a certain spacing interval on the large scale and (2) “zonal disintegration” is also found in the tunnel. The fractured zone and the non-fractured zone appear in turn around the tunnel. The rock mass in these two zones represents the tensile and compressive properties, respectively. Thus, volumes of water and permeability of joints and fractures in these two zones are great different.  相似文献   

西天山晚石炭世岩浆混合花岗岩的确定及其地质意义——来自玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学证据     

杨蓉  张成立  陈春勇  张晓琪  苟龙龙  马中平  高晓峰  魏强  孙吉明  李平 《地质论评》2017,63(5):1226-1254

西天山博罗科努地区的玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体中发育大量暗色闪长质包体,包体发育矿物相互包裹的嵌晶及岩浆冷凝矿物不平衡结构,同时出现淬冷形成的针状磷灰石,指示岩体形成过程经历了二元岩浆的混合作用。包体较寄主花岗岩有明显低的SiO_2、K_2O,高CaO、FeO~T和MgO,但二者的微量元素高度一致,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等LILE,贫HFSE,亏损Sr、Nb、Ta、P和Ti等元素,为二元岩浆混合作用所致。经LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,两个岩体寄主花岗岩和包体分别获得301 Ma、308 Ma和303 Ma、298 Ma的形成年龄,指示同期不同源岩浆活动并存。寄主花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为+4.20~+8.33和+4.97~+7.0;Hf陆壳模式年龄T C_(DM)为782~1045 Ma和863~998 Ma,揭示它们主要源自新元古代早期陆壳物质。包体的εHf(t)值分别为+2.75~+6.41和+4.63~+7.92,与区域上同期基性岩脉正的εHf(t)和εNd(t)值相当。结合区域上同期花岗岩类高ε_(Hf)(t)和ε_(Nd)(t)、中等n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)推断,该期花岗岩是新元古代早期陆壳物质部分熔融的岩浆与被消减带组分改造的略亏损岩石圈地幔岩浆混合作用的结果,并构成由晚石炭世高钾钙碱性花岗岩向早二叠世富钾花岗岩/或A型花岗岩转换的岩浆演化系列,表明晚石炭世—早二叠世期间西天山造山带转入后碰撞晚期向伸展转化的构造环境。陆壳伸展导致幔源基性岩浆上侵,诱发陆壳部分熔融产生壳源岩浆,二者混合形成晚古生代以来西天山最为广泛的花岗岩浆活动,成为区内一次重要的地壳垂向增生事件。  相似文献   

青藏高原陆表特征与中国夏季降水的关系研究   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1  

高荣  韦志刚  钟海玲 《冰川冻土》2017,39(4):741-747

利用青藏高原72个站逐日积雪、冻土观测资料,AVHRR归一化植被指数（NDVI）和全国550个站逐日降水资料,分析了青藏高原陆表特征与中国夏季降水的关系。结果表明,我国夏季降水在华北和东北南部,长江中下游和华南地区降水空间一致性较好,相邻站点间降水变化趋势近似。华南、长江中下游和淮河降水呈增加趋势,其中长江中下游每10年增加37 mm,但华北降水呈减少趋势。华南、长江中下游和华北对高原积雪、冻土和植被的变化均较为敏感,而淮河仅对高原植被变化较为敏感。利用高原积雪、冻土和植被建立了代表高原地表特征的变化序列,其对长江中下游、淮河、华北夏季降水均有较好指示意义,与夏季降水的相关系数由南到北表现为"负-正-负"的分布特征。最后,提出一种高原陆表状况影响中国夏季降水的概念模型：高原冬春积雪偏多（少）、冬季冻土偏厚（薄）、春季植被偏多（少）会使得夏季高原地区土壤湿度偏大（小）,高原地表感热偏弱（强）,从而使得南亚高压和西太副高偏弱（强）,南海季风偏弱（强）,长江流域降水偏多（少）,华南和华北地区降水偏少（多）。  相似文献   

Review of the Atmospheric Response to the Ocean Mesoscale Eddies     

Li Weibiao  Liu Haoya  Fang Rong 《地球科学进展》2017,32(10):1039-1049

As one of the most important mesoscale ocean features, the mesoscale eddies are omnipresent and have significant impact on the overlying atmosphere. Based on the comprehensive review of the influence of mesoscale eddies on the atmospheric boundary layer and the local circulation, the corresponding physical mechanisms and their impacts on weather systems were presented systematically. ①Eddy-induced SST anomalies may modify the surface wind speed, horizontal divergence, cloud and precipitation through turbulence heat flux anomalies. Meanwhile, additional secondary circulations arise over the eddies. What is more, there are obvious regional and seasonal differences for atmospheric responses. ② Studies in the South China Sea, the Kuroshio Extension region and the Southern Ocean indicate that atmospheric responses to mesoscale eddies can be explained by the changes of sea level pressure or the vertical momentum transport. These two mechanisms can be distinguished by the phase relationship between the atmospheric anomaly center and the eddy core. Diagnosis on the inner dynamical processes may draw better conclusions. ③The energy conversions are affected by mesoscale eddies, which may affect storm tracks and jet streams, and finally result in distant influences on weather patterns. Moreover, sea temperature anomalies from sea surface to the thermocline associated with mesoscale eddies have significant impacts on the intensification and the maintenance of tropical cyclones.  相似文献   

新疆夏半年降水观测误差分析和修正     

杜铭霞  张明军  王圣杰  车彦军  陈荣 《干旱区地理》2017,40(6):1143-1151

降水资料的准确性对区域和全球的水文、气候研究意义重大。对降水观测误差进行修正是提高降水资料准确性的有效途径。基于新疆地区316个自动气象站2013年夏半年的气温、降水量、风速、相对湿度和气压的小时数据,采用世界气象组织固态降水观测国际合作项目在中国乌鲁木齐河流域进行的一系列观测实验得出的降水观测误差修正方法,在提高降水类型判定精度的基础上,对316个自动气象站观测的降水资料中湿润损失和动力损失进行系统误差分析和修正,主要结论为：（1）湿润损失修正量北疆大于南疆,天山北坡明显高于南坡。（2）动力损失修正量北疆大于南疆,天山北坡大于南坡,天山南坡站点动力损失修正量由北向南逐渐减小。（3）总修正量北疆大于南疆,总修正系数大多介于15.0%～20.0%和20.0%～25.0%。（4）修正后降水量平均值增加了16.96 mm。  相似文献   

Interannual variability of latent and sensible heat fluxes in the South China Sea     

宗海波  刘玉光  修鹏  徐青  荣增瑞 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,(1)

The South China Sea (SCS) is significantly influenced by El Nio and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through ENSO-driven atmospheric and oceanic changes.We analyzed measurements made from 1960 to 2004 to investigate the interannual variability of the latent and sensible heat fluxes over the SCS.Both the interannual variations of latent and sensible heat fluxes are closely related to ENSO events.The low-pass mean heat flux anomalies vary in a coherent manner with the low-pass mean Southern Oscillation Index ...  相似文献   

一种基于小波变换的遥感影像道路自动提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷蓉  纪松  巫勇金 《地理信息世界》2010,8(1):70-73,83

遥感影像上道路的自动提取是摄影测量与遥感、计算机视觉等领域的重要课题。本文通过对图像小波系数的分析,完成道路节点的提取。随后利用基于小波变换的边缘提取算子,对道路进行边缘提取。边缘提取出来之后,以道路节点为种子点,对道路进行Snake跟踪。为保证提取效果,对图像进行了预处理。实验表明,利用本文提出的理论与方法能为道路网的自动提取与识别提供一个可靠的依据,同时也对其他地物(如建筑物)的自动提取提供一个有价值的参考。  相似文献   

地震灾害现场救援行动中的安全评估策略及步骤   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王东明  闻明  步兵  荣建玲 《国际地震动态》2010,(7):23-31

地震灾害紧急救援是一项危险性极高的工作,从倒塌废墟中快速、有效营救幸存者是专业救援队的使命,确保救援队伍自身安全是国际救援界普遍倡导和认可的救援理念,如何确保队伍行动安全是衡量救援队伍自身能力和水平的重要指标,救援现场安全评估就是这一切的前提条件。因此,本文将较为系统地介绍和分析地震救援中的安全问题,重点介绍救援中最重要的倒塌建筑和危险物质评估,主要是讨论评估的基本策略及步骤。  相似文献