城市总体规划环境影响的GIS模拟与评价分析     

程熙  沈占锋  杨邦会  刘毅  张志果 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(4):513-519

城市环境影响评价是城市规划与可持续发展中的一个重要问题.从规划部门对设计方案进行分析比较、定量评估的实际需求出发,采用地理信息数据处理与模拟等技术,归纳了GIs的评估指标体系.针对城市总体规划方案,将GIs数据引人气象模型,建立城市规划气象GIs论证评价技术路线;对规划方案进行空间概化、划分并识别单元特征,通过土地利用...  相似文献   

西安地区积层混合云的Z-R关系研究     

王瑾  岳治国  贺文彬  戴昌明  潘留杰  刘慧  张镭 《湖北气象》2020,39(4):409-417

根据2013—2014年5—10月西安地区观测得到的雨滴谱数据,结合C波段新一代多普勒天气雷达的观测资料,对西安地区43次积层混合云降水的平均雨滴谱分布、微物理特征量及雷达反射率因子Z和雨强R的关系进行统计分析。结果表明:积层混合云降水的平均雨滴谱呈单峰型,Gamma分布对降水大粒子的拟合明显优于M-P分布;积层混合云中雨滴数浓度最大值及对雨强贡献最大值均出现在雨滴直径小于1 mm的范围内;利用最小二乘法建立了西安地区积层混合云的Z-R关系Z=168R1.43;当雨滴谱数据计算的回波强度小于(大于)30 dBz,雷达对回波强度有明显高估(低估)现象,针对此现象提出了积层混合云雷达回波的5档修正方案;利用Z=168R1.43估算西安积层混合云降水个例的降雨量更接近实测降雨量,估算降雨量的相对误差从51.3%减小到25.4%。  相似文献   

Assessing the germplasm of Laminaria (phaeophyceae) with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method     

He Yingjun  Zou Yuping  Wang Xiaodong  Zheng Zhiguo  Zhang Daming  Duan Delin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(2):141-148

Eighteen gametophytes includingL. japonica, L. ochotensis andL. longissima, were verified with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Eighteen ten-base primers were chosen from 100 primers selected for final amplification test. Among the total of 205 bands amplified, 181 (88.3%) were polymorphic. The genetic distance among different strains ranged from 0.072 to 0.391. The dendrogram constructed by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic (UPGMA) method showed that the female and male gametophytes of the same cell lines could be grouped in pairs respectively. It indicated that RAPD analysis could be used not only to distinguish different strains ofLaminaria, but also to distinguish male and female gametophyte within the same cell lines. There is ambiguous systematic relationship if judged merely by the present data. It seems that the use of RAPD marker is limited to elucidation of the phylogenetic relationship among the species ofLaminaria. Contribution No. 4389 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This research was supported by the State's High-tech Project of China, Marine 863 project (No. 819-03-02) and (2001AA621090).  相似文献   

西昆仑玛尔坎苏地区奥尔托喀讷什大型碳酸锰矿床地质特征及成因探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张帮禄  张连昌  冯京  徐仕琪  冯昌荣  郝延海  郑梦天  彭自栋  董志国 《地质论评》2018,64(2):361-377

西昆仑造山带北段玛尔坎苏地区石炭纪沉积岩系中探明一大型碳酸锰成矿带,是中国北方近年最重要的锰矿找矿新发现。该锰矿带层位稳定,厚度较大,且品位富。奥尔托喀讷什锰矿是该锰矿带规模最大、最具代表性的矿床。区域和矿床地质系统研究表明,奥尔托喀讷什锰矿属典型的海相沉积型碳酸锰矿床。该锰矿的形成可能与伸展背景的弧后盆地沉积—海底热液活动系统有关,浅海陆棚环境中的局部洼地是沉积锰矿形成的最有利地段;推测该碳酸锰矿床是成岩过程中由原始沉积的锰氧化物经有机质还原而形成,且微生物参与该成矿过程;后期构造作用使矿体与顶底板围岩发生了明显的滑脱,沿滑脱碎裂面发育热液方解石脉,同时形成锰硅酸盐矿物。  相似文献   

海南冬种瓜菜气象灾害风险评估与区划     

张蕾  霍治国  黄大鹏  姜燕  肖晶晶 《地理研究》2015,34(2):293-305

基于自然灾害风险理论,利用海南省18个站点气象资料、瓜菜生产和社会经济要素资料,通过灾情反演,构建苗期湿涝、冬季寒害和春季干旱致灾等级指标。综合致灾、孕灾、灾损、防灾能力,进行瓜菜气象灾害的综合风险分析与区划。结果表明:苗期湿涝危险性从西南至东北增加,春季干旱危险性东西高、中间低;西瓜寒害危险性从中部向两边减小,豇豆和丝瓜寒害危险性从南往北加重,辣椒寒害危险性从东南到西北增加;苗期湿涝孕灾环境敏感性从中部山区向沿海和平原地区增加,春季干旱和冬季寒害趋势相反;瓜菜灾损风险和防灾能力在区域上存在明显差异;西瓜、豇豆和辣椒气象灾害综合风险总体趋势一致,高风险区集中在海南东部地区;丝瓜气象灾害综合风险高值区在北部地区。  相似文献   

谱分解技术在煤层厚度预测及沉积环境方面的应用     

郝治国  常锁亮  张新民  施绍武  桂文华  许玉莹  成跃 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(2):55-59

谱分解技术是通过短时窗离散傅里叶变换(DFT)将地震资料从时间域转换到频率域,得到振幅谱及相位谱调谐体的一项处理技术。通过谱分解顺层相位与频率切片可以较清晰地了解区内煤层的岩性特征及沉积环境,从而预测煤厚。基于该项技术,以山西省沁水盆地某研究区山西组3煤层为例,研究了3号煤层厚度与下伏砂岩厚度的对应关系,发现3煤层厚度与基底分流河道砂岩厚度呈负相关关系,即煤层厚度随基底砂岩厚度增大而减小。由此认为在三角洲平原沉积环境下,在钻孔较少且分布不均匀时,可通过谱分解属性切片对煤层基底砂岩厚度的预测来推断煤厚。该区利用谱分解技术预测的煤厚趋势与振幅法获得的煤厚趋势相比,其精度较高,因此,谱分解技术不失为一种较好的煤层预测方法。  相似文献   

东秦岭汝阳南部钼铅锌矿集区综合找矿信息及成矿模式研究          下载免费PDF全文

王令全  李文智  权知心  付恒一  蒋永芳  张鹏  付治国 《地质找矿论丛》2014,29(2):161-172

东秦岭汝阳南部钼铅锌矿集区包括4个大中型矿床和45个小型矿床(点),已知矿床(点)大都产于中元古界长城系熊耳群鸡蛋坪组火山岩中,近EW向断裂构造是区内的控岩、控矿断裂,燕山晚期的复式花岗岩控制了矿集区的产出,而第3阶段侵入的钾长花岗斑岩与钼铅锌矿的成矿具有密切的成因联系;区内矿床大部分处于熊耳群火山岩分布的杂乱磁场区,重要的铅锌矿床均产于太山庙花岗岩造成的重力负值异常区的外围;水系沉积物的Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au-As综合异常几乎囊括了杨坪—王坪所有的钼铅锌矿床;自然重砂异常以高温矿物组合异常为中心,中温铅族异常环绕,向外重晶石、毒砂等低温矿物异常依次分布,显示出清晰的矿物温度分带特点;基于矿集区的综合找矿信息建立了钼铅锌矿的成矿模式,为进一步的找矿勘查提供依据。  相似文献   

冀西石湖地区多金属矿床成矿流体氦氩碳氢氧同位素特征及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王自力牛树银  郭鹏志段焕春陈志国  郭忠沈利霞  胡建勇王军  王宝德陈超 李英杰 《中国地质》2014,41(2):577-588

石湖地区金、银多金属矿床位于太行山中北段,产出于太古界阜平群变质岩系,燕山期麻棚岩体的周边。本文以石湖地区代表性矿床为例,根据多金属矿床黄铁矿流体包裹体中He、Ar同位素及与黄铁矿共生的石英流体包裹体中C、H、O同位素组成,探讨了石湖地区金、银多金属矿床成矿流体来源。分析结果表明石湖地区金、银多金属矿床黄铁矿流体包裹体中3He/4He介于0.43~2.40 Ra,40Ar/36Ar介于477~879,显示出本区金、银多金属矿床的成矿流体为地幔流体与地壳流体混合的产物。石英包裹体中δDV-SMOW介于-62‰~-105‰,δ18OV-SMOW介于9.6‰~13.8‰,表明成矿流体为岩浆水与大气降水的混合;δ13CPDB介于-3.5‰~-5.0‰,表明矿区成矿热液来自地幔。氢、氧、碳同位素体系与氦、氩同位素体系的示踪具有一致性,均显示出石湖地区金、银多金属矿床成矿流体为地幔流体与地壳流体混合的产物。  相似文献   

A complete classification of spatial relations using the Voronoi-based nine-intersection model     

Zhiguo Long 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(10):2006-2025

In this article we show that the Voronoi-based nine-intersection (V9I) model proposed by Chen et al. (2001, A Voronoi-based 9-intersection model for spatial relations. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 15 (3), 201–220) is more expressive than what has been believed before. Given any two spatial entities A and B, the V9I relation between A and B is represented as a 3 × 3 Boolean matrix. For each pair of types of spatial entities that is, points, lines, and regions, we first show that most Boolean matrices do not represent a V9I relation by using topological constraints and the definition of Voronoi regions. Then, we provide illustrations for all the remaining matrices. This guarantees that our method is sound and complete. In particular, we show that there are 18 V9I relations between two areas with connected interior, while there are only nine four-intersection relations. Our investigations also show that, unlike many other spatial relation models, V9I relations are context or shape sensitive. That is, the existence of other entities or the shape of the entities may affect the validity of certain relations.  相似文献   

Isotopic constraints on the origin of groundwater in the Ordos Basin of northern China   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

Jiansheng Chen  Xiaoyan Liu  Chiyuen Wang  Wenbo Rao  Hongbing Tan  Haizhou Dong  Xiaoxu Sun  Yongsen Wang  Zhiguo Su 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(2):505-517

Despite its extreme aridity, the Ordos Basin in northern China is rich in groundwater. Many artesian wells or springs with large fluxes are utilized for drinking, irrigation and industrial production. In a search for the origin of the groundwater, a detailed investigation of the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the local precipitation, the river water, the springs, the well water, as well as the soil water extracted from six soil profiles in the Ordos Basin, was carried out. The data show that δD, δ¹⁸O and TDS values of the river water are similar to those of groundwater, while the TDS values of the soil water are about ten times greater than those of groundwater. Furthermore, the mean isotopic compositions of the local precipitation are significantly higher than those of river water and groundwater. Based on the chloride mass balance method, the estimated recharge rates range from 5.2 to 17.2 mm/year, with a mean value of 10.5 mm/year. The results show that the main source of recharge of the groundwater in the Ordos Basin is not the local precipitation, but must come from a region where the precipitation is characterized by much lower δD and δ¹⁸O values. In addition, the groundwater in the Ordos Basin contains a component of mantle-derived ³He and crust-derived ⁴He suggesting that the groundwater may partly derive from flows through basement faults beneath the Ordos Basin.  相似文献