Isotopic constraints on the origin of groundwater in the Ordos Basin of northern China   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

Jiansheng Chen  Xiaoyan Liu  Chiyuen Wang  Wenbo Rao  Hongbing Tan  Haizhou Dong  Xiaoxu Sun  Yongsen Wang  Zhiguo Su 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(2):505-517

Despite its extreme aridity, the Ordos Basin in northern China is rich in groundwater. Many artesian wells or springs with large fluxes are utilized for drinking, irrigation and industrial production. In a search for the origin of the groundwater, a detailed investigation of the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the local precipitation, the river water, the springs, the well water, as well as the soil water extracted from six soil profiles in the Ordos Basin, was carried out. The data show that δD, δ¹⁸O and TDS values of the river water are similar to those of groundwater, while the TDS values of the soil water are about ten times greater than those of groundwater. Furthermore, the mean isotopic compositions of the local precipitation are significantly higher than those of river water and groundwater. Based on the chloride mass balance method, the estimated recharge rates range from 5.2 to 17.2 mm/year, with a mean value of 10.5 mm/year. The results show that the main source of recharge of the groundwater in the Ordos Basin is not the local precipitation, but must come from a region where the precipitation is characterized by much lower δD and δ¹⁸O values. In addition, the groundwater in the Ordos Basin contains a component of mantle-derived ³He and crust-derived ⁴He suggesting that the groundwater may partly derive from flows through basement faults beneath the Ordos Basin.  相似文献   

An assessment of multidimensional flood vulnerability at the provincial scale in China based on the DEA method   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dapeng Huang  Renhe Zhang  Zhiguo Huo  Fei Mao  Youhao E  Wei Zheng 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(2):1575-1586

China suffers frequent and severe floods. A lot of studies have been done in the field of flood disaster, including flood vulnerability assessment. This paper develops assessment models of multidimensional flood vulnerability based on the data envelopment analysis method and identifies multidimensional flood vulnerability??population, death, agriculture and economy??at the provincial scale in China using flood damage data and socioeconomic statistical data from 2001 to 2010. Based on the characteristics of multidimensional flood vulnerability of each province, some suggestions for flood prevention and mitigation are suggested. The assessment models of multidimensional flood vulnerability are simple and can be used for vulnerability analysis of natural disaster at regional or national levels. The assessment of multidimensional flood vulnerability can provide multifaceted information that contributes to a deeper understanding of the flood vulnerability and provides a scientific base for the policy making and implementation of flood prevention and mitigation designs.  相似文献   

陕西测震台网技术系统     

李少睿  罗治国 《地震地磁观测与研究》2012,33(2):105-110

通过测震台网网络技术平台,分析其系统构成及虚拟台网、3G无线传输、远程网络监控等技术在陕西测震台网的应用.该平台的建成,提高了测震台网运行质量及流动测震台网的快速响应能力,实现省、市测震台网观测数据的实时共享,对进一步提升地震部门地震响应能力、完善监测体系,具有重要意义.  相似文献   

黑龙江漠河县八里房金矿床地球化学特征及成因     

张国宾  杨言辰  王献忠  张志国  叶松青  李庆录  李向文  李海洋  王庆双 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(6):1812

八里房金矿床位于黑龙江省漠河县西北部,是一个新发现的金矿床。矿体赋存于闪长岩和中侏罗统额木尔河组长石砂岩中,矿石由含金、黄铁矿的长石砂岩和石英细脉组成。岩石地球化学研究表明：闪长岩稀土总量中到低,富集大离子亲石元素(如K、Rb、Ba)和化学性质活泼不相容元素(如U、Th、Pb),相对亏损高场强元素(如Ta、Nb、P、Sr、Ti),球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾型,具有弱的Eu负异常(δEu平均值为0.8),无Ce异常(δCe=0.9～1.0),元素地球化学性质反映出八里房闪长岩具有岛弧岩浆岩的特征;长石砂岩稀土元素总量(∑REE)变化较大,具弱Eu负异常(δEu平均值为0.8),无Ce异常(δCe=0.9～1.0),为活动边缘砂岩系列。含金石英脉中流体包裹体有气液两相、含CO₂三相和纯CO₂流体包裹体3种类型。气液两相包裹体均一温度为107.9～247.4 ℃,盐度(w(NaCl))为3.05%～8.55%,密度为0.84～1.00 g·cm^-3;含CO₂三相包裹体完全均一温度为269.8～332.7 ℃,盐度为4.41%～10.29%,成矿流体为中低温、低盐度的热液流体体系。基于矿床地质特征、岩石地球化学和成矿流体特征的研究,笔者认为八里房金矿床为造山型金矿床。  相似文献   

2015年尼泊尔8.1级地震前后拉萨地电场观测数据变化分析     

席继楼  关华平  刘超  庄楠  关歆莹  杨晓明  张治国  次卓嘎  格桑卓玛  马爱明 《中国地震研究》2016,(4):526-541

2015年4月25日尼泊尔8．1级强烈地震前后,拉萨地磁台(以下简称“拉萨台”)地电场观测数据出现了长时间、大幅度异常变化。在对拉萨台地电场观测条件、观测系统以及观测结果进行初步讨论的基础上,利用“能量合成累加”和“MSA功率谱分析”等数据处理方法,从“时间域”和“频率域”两个方面,对该异常变化的主要特征和演化过程进行了分析。结果显示,尼泊尔8.1级地震前后,拉萨台的地电场观测数据异常变化,经历了“趋势变化一扰动变化一发震期一恢复期”等发展阶段,以及“低频变化一高频变化一平稳变化高频变化”等演化过程。综合分析认为,拉萨台地电场观测异常变化特征和演化过程,与相关现象和机理研究结果基本吻合,能够完整反映强烈地震孕育、发生和发展全过程,是具有一定客观性、典型性和代表性的珍贵资料。  相似文献   

Soil erosion and pollutant transport during rainfall-runoff processes     

Zhiguo He  Haoxuan Weng  Hao-Che Ho  Qihua Ran  Miaohua Mao 《Water Resources》2014,41(5):604-611

The pollutant from land surface applied to agricultural chemicals is one of the major sources of contamination in water bodies. The pollutant transport within a watershed is profoundly influenced by the rainfall-runoff processes, especially the associated upland erosion and sediment transport processes because most of pollutant can be dissolved into water or attached to the soil particles. A set of soil experiments in laboratory was conducted in this paper to investigate the impacts of upland erosion and sediment transport on pollutant loads. The soil utilized for the experiments was the silty sand collected from Loess Plateau, China; and ammonium bicarbonate was applied on the soil surface as the pollutant source. Runoff discharge, soil loss, and ammonia- and nitrate-nitrogen concentrations were measured to establish the relationships which can help the numerical model to predict the pollutant losses coupled with upland soil erosion during the rain-fall-runoff processes. The experimental results indicate the ammonia-nitrogen concentration in runoff reaches the peak at the initial stage of the overland flow generation, and quickly decreases and approaches to the steady state. The ammonia-nitrogen transported by the soil loss also makes contributions to the nitrogen loss; and its amount mainly depends on the soil transport rate. The ammonia-nitrogen dissolved in overland flow is dominant due to the strong aqueous solution of ammonium bicarbonate during the first storm right after its application.  相似文献   

沂沭断裂带莱州湾海域重力场特征     

刘洪波  吴治国  郑孝诚  王恩强  王玉敏  张宁 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(5):1438-1447

沂沭断裂带是郯庐断裂带的山东段,该断裂带不仅规模大,而且活动性强,具有"两堑夹一垒"的构造格架。利用实测1：20万海底高精度重力测量数据对沂沭断裂带莱州湾海域重力场特征进行了研究,采用欧拉反褶积、纹理分析等边界识别方法对数据进行处理解释,旨在对研究区进行构造格架的细化。根据重力场特征,推断断裂22条,以NE-NNE向和近EW向为主,推断沂沭断裂带4条主干断裂在莱州湾呈NNE向近平行舒缓波状展布;初步划分了3个三级构造单元,5个四级构造单元,12个五级构造单元;推断昌邑-大店断裂以西重力高反映了基底凸起,重力低主要反映了中、新生代凹陷,断裂以东重力高主要反映了早前寒武纪变质岩分布,重力低主要反映了中生代花岗岩体分布。  相似文献   

松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨   总被引：99，自引：25，他引：74  

胡望水  吕炳全  张文军  毛治国  冷军  官大勇 《地质科学》2005,40(1):16-31

松辽盆地晚侏罗世以来的构造演化经历了10个阶段:缓慢裂陷和快速坳陷—加速裂陷和快速坳陷—减速裂陷和慢速坳陷—慢速裂陷和快速坳陷—加速裂陷和加速坳陷—减速裂陷和减速坳陷—裂陷、坳陷终止和缓慢反转—快速反转和快速差异坳陷—慢速反转和慢速差异坳陷—反转停止和坳陷终止。构造发育演化的结果形成了“下断中坳上隆顶平”的盆地结构。“中坳”部分沉积的可容纳空间,54%来源于盆地基底的长期伸展坳陷;“上隆”部分沉积的可容纳空间,31%来源于盆地基底的受压坳陷。构造作用的转换起因于东部区域应力场的转变。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组长7段厚层熔结凝灰岩特征及其地质意义     

许锋  朱增伍  李长春  杨治国 《现代地质》2019,33(2):389-400

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7优质烃源岩中凝灰岩夹层广泛分布,单层厚度一般为0.1～10 cm,局部可达1～2 m。在盆地南部铜川瑶曲镇新发现了单层厚约14 m的岩屑晶屑熔结角砾凝灰岩层夹透镜状碳酸岩。熔结凝灰岩SiO_2含量在47.09%～66.6%之间,呈中性-偏酸性特征;∑REE为(164.04～245.74)×10^-6,LREE相对富集,总体特征表现为负Eu异常明显的右倾型曲线;微量元素中大离子亲石元素Sr、P为负异常,高场强元素U、Th为明显的正异常。碳酸岩中SiO_2含量较高,矿物组成简单,可能为壳源碳酸岩; Sr和Ba的含量较高,显示典型的火成碳酸岩特征。根据熔结凝灰岩的野外露头及岩相学特征,结合其分布特征,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地中晚三叠世火山岩岩相模式,认为铜川瑶曲镇的熔结凝灰岩为火山通道相-爆发相。熔结凝灰岩源于火山弧高钾钙碱性岩浆源区,透镜状碳酸岩产生于碰撞造山过程中派生的引张大陆岩石圈断裂带,直接由岩石圈富集、地幔低程度部分熔融作用而产生的碳酸岩浆侵入或喷发所形成,与中晚三叠世秦岭造山带的演化关系密切,是秦岭造山带印支构造活动在鄂尔多斯盆地的沉积耦合效应,该发现为鄂尔多斯盆地中生代构造演化提供了新的岩石学证据。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis and Geochemistry of Sanukitoids in Hamutusi Area of West Junggar, NW China     

ZHANG Zhiguo  LIU Xijun  XIAO Wengjiao  XU Jifeng  GONG Xiaohan  TAN Zhenjiang  LI Rui 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):240-241

  相似文献