内蒙古撰山子金矿成矿作用与成晕作用中元素行为差异分析及研究意义     

王志华  张林 《地质与资源》1995,4(2):131-137

金矿在成矿作用与成晕作用中元素行为是有差异的,而矿化强度、矿化类型是影响元素行为差异的主要因素。通过对元素行为差异的成因分析,便于正确选择指示元素,合理确定指标参数以及原生晕信息可信度的确立,以便合理地利用原生晕地球化学信息。  相似文献   

Object-based classification of cloudy coastal areas using medium-resolution optical and SAR images for vulnerability assessment of marine disaster     

YANG Fengshuo  YANG Xiaomei  WANG Zhihua  LU Chen  LI Zhi  LIU Yueming 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(6):1955-1970

Efficient and accurate access to coastal land cover information is of great significance for marine disaster prevention and mitigation.Although the popular and common sensors of land resource satellites provide free and valuable images to map the land cover,coastal areas often encounter significant cloud cover,especially in tropical areas,which makes the classification in those areas non-ideal.To solve this problem,we proposed a framework of combining medium-resolution optical images and synthetic aperture radar(SAR)data with the recently popular object-based image analysis(OBIA)method and used the Landsat Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar(PALSAR)images acquired in Singapore in 2017 as a case study.We designed experiments to confirm two critical factors of this framework:one is the segmentation scale that determines the average object size,and the other is the classification feature.Accuracy assessments of the land cover indicated that the optimal segmentation scale was between 40 and 80,and the features of the combination of OLI and SAR resulted in higher accuracy than any individual features,especially in areas with cloud cover.Based on the land cover generated by this framework,we assessed the vulnerability of the marine disasters of Singapore in 2008 and 2017 and found that the high-vulnerability areas mainly located in the southeast and increased by 118.97 km2 over the past decade.To clarify the disaster response plan for different geographical environments,we classified risk based on altitude and distance from shore.The newly increased high-vulnerability regions within 4 km offshore and below 30 m above sea level are at high risk;these regions may need to focus on strengthening disaster prevention construction.This study serves as a typical example of using remote sensing techniques for the vulnerability assessment of marine disasters,especially those in cloudy coastal areas.  相似文献   

基岩面形状对土体变形破坏的影响实验研究     

傅志斌  刘志华  介玉新  袁长生 《地质科技通报》2019,38(6):1-9

采用离心模型试验研究基岩面形状对重力式加筋挡土墙土体变形破坏的影响,基岩面形状设置为直线形和台阶形,直线情况下基岩与挡墙分别围成三角形和梯形,台阶则分为两级台阶和三级台阶,试验共进行4组。试验结果表明,水平位移和沉降变化剧烈的位置主要在土体顶部靠近挡墙的位置,近岩面处土体水平位移和沉降都比较小;在挡土墙底部基岩与挡墙之间应当有足够的水平距离才有利于土体的稳定;基岩与挡墙所围形状为三角形时对土体的变形和稳定最为不利,基岩与挡墙围成梯形或基岩为台阶形时对土体稳定比较有利。  相似文献   

回归后香港城市发展的尺度重组：以广深港高速铁路香港段项目的规划过程为例     

许志桦  刘开智 《地理学报》2019,74(2):253-265

全球化时代城市问题越来越多的以尺度问题的形式出现,尺度理论为分析城市发展背后的各种动力及其影响提供了新的视角。回归后,特区政府如何与位于不同尺度上的地域组织相互作用,进行尺度重组,是探究香港城市发展与管治的关键问题。本文考察广深港高速铁路香港段从项目构想、方案设计,到咨询及申请拨款的全过程,识别这个过程所涉及的不同尺度的作用者,分析他们的作用方式及作用结果。研究表明,回归后,特区政府主动向上尺度重组以拓展香港发展的腹地,政府间的制度性合作是其尺度重组的重要方式。同时,香港逐渐成长的市民社会是参与城市发展尺度重组的重要力量,地方行动者运用尺度政治从多个尺度建构话语和采取行动,对特区政府的方案进行抗议并引发整个社会的讨论。对香港的案例分析可加深对体制转型背景下地域组织尺度重组的认识,丰富尺度重组的理论内涵;也有助于国家客观地了解香港,为制定合理的政策提供科学依据。此外,内地市民社会逐步萌芽成长,案例中特区政府与香港市民社会互动的经验与教训可为内地政府提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Effects of tributyltin （TBT） on enzyme activity and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas and hemolymph of small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta     

贾锡伟  张子平  王淑红  林鹏  邹志华  黄邦钦  王艺磊 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):816-824

We investigated the effect of tributyltin (TBT) exposure on the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and AKP) enzymes in the small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta. We collected samples of the hepatopancreas and hemolymph 2, 6, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h after exposure to 0.35 μg (Sn)/L TBT. In the hepatopancreas, ACP activity was significantly higher in animals exposed to TBT 2, 24, and 96 h post-exposure compared with the control animals. AKP activity was also higher after 2 h, but SOD and CAT activity was unchanged. The concentration of MDA in the hemolymph was significantly higher than the control animals 2 and 6 h post-exposure. In the hemolymph of animals exposed to TBT, ACP activity was significantly lower than in the control animals 192 h post-exposure, whereas AKP activity was significantly lower 2 and 192 h post-exposure. Hemolymph SOD activity and levels of MDA were significantly lower than in the control animals 24 h after exposure but significantly higher after 96 h. Our results demonstrate that exposure to TBT cause rapid changes in ACP and AKP activity as well as altering the concentration of MDA in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph. SOD and CAT do not appear to be involved in the detoxification of TBT in the hepatopancreas of small abalone.  相似文献   

Radiolaria fossils in the surface sediments and sedimentary environment in the Bering Sea     

CHENG Zhenbo  Shi Xuefa  Ju Xiaohua  Chen Zhihua 《极地研究(英文版)》2000,11(2)

Totally 2472 grains of Radiolaria belonging to 36 Genera and 45 species are distinguished from 12 surface sediments in the Bering Sea. The distribution characteristics of Radiolaria fossils in the surface sediments are as follows: (1) From the shelf of shallow water to the upper of continental slope, there are a few Radiolaria fossils and monotonous genus and species; (2) In the lower of continental slope, Radiolaria fossils are poor in the volcanic cinders and turbidite; (3) The abundance and diversity of Radiolaria fossils are high in clay of the basin. The dominant species of Radiolaria is Spongotrochus glacialis on the continental shelf. Current, topography, water depth, and temperature etc. are key factors influencing Radiolaria distribution. The sources of sediments mainly are terrigenous, biogenic and volcanic sediments in the survey area and they are mostly from the Kamchatka peninsula in the east of Russia and the Aleutian Islands.  相似文献   

Assessing and mitigating the effects of the ionospheric variability on DGPS   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Duojie Weng  Shengyue Ji  Wu Chen  Zhihua Li  Ying Xu  Lei Ye 《GPS Solutions》2015,19(1):107-116

  相似文献   

汶川大地震中广元市水库震害调查与分析     

叶亚三  陈国兴  王志华  景立平 《世界地震工程》2011,27(4)

汶川8.0级特大地震对四川省广元市的水库造成了不同程度的破坏和重大的经济损失.依据广元市水库地震灾害的现场科学考察资料,对该市53座次高危以上险情的水库进行了震害调查与分析、震前病害统计与分析,可以发现:大多数水库土石坝在震前处于带病运行状态;水库的震害主要包括坝体变形、大坝渗漏、泄水建筑物和附属设施损毁等;地震烈度、震中距、修建年代、土石坝坝型与几何构型,以及水库震前的运行状态是影响水库震害程度的主要因素.该研究丰富了水库土石坝震害的基础性资料,并提出了改进水库土石坝抗震性能设计的建设性意见.  相似文献   

油气微生物勘探技术在大庆升平油田的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

袁志华  孙宏亮  张玉清 《地质论评》2011,57(1):141-146

油气微生物勘探(MPOG)成本低廉、简便快速、多解性小,根据它可检测微生物异常区,可以评价和预测下伏油气藏的存在和性质,能适用于大庆升平油田.笔者等在大庆升平油田内,以微生物异常为基础,结合已有的区域地质资料、钻井和测井等资料,对微生物异常区域进行了分析研究,并圈定了一个明显的异常区.通过升平油田微生物异常区与邻区的异...  相似文献   

Measurements of ocean wave spectrum from airborne radar at small incidence angles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

REN Lin  PAN Delu  MAO Zhihua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(1):40-46

This paper proposes the retrieval method of ocean wave spectrum for airborne radar observations at small incidence angles, which is slightly modified from the method developed by Hauser. Firstly, it makes use of integration method to estimate total mean square slope instead of fitting method, which aims to reduce the affects of fluctuations superposed on normalized radar cross-section by integration. Secondly, for eliminating the noise spectrum contained in signal spectrum, the method considers the signal spectrum in certain look direction without any long wave components as the assumed noise spectrum, which would be subtracted from signal spectrum in any look direction for linear wave spectrum retrieval. Estimated ν from the integration method are lower than the one from fitting method and have a standard deviation of 0.004 between them approximately. The assumed noise spectrum energy almost has no big variations along with the wave number and is slightly lower to the high wave number part of signal spectrum in any look direction, which follows that the assumption makes sense. The retrieved directional spectra are compared with the buoy records in terms of peak wavelength, peak direction and the significant wave height. Comparisons show that the retrieved peak wavelength and significant wave height are slightly higher than the buoy records but don’t differs significantly (error less than 10%). For peak direction, the swell waves in first case basically propagate in the wind direction 6 hours ago and the wind-generated waves in second case also propagate in the wind direction, but the 180? ambiguity remains. Results show that the modified method can carry out the retrieval of directional wave spectrum.  相似文献