重大自然灾害空间信息协同服务机制研究     

范一大  王磊  李素菊 《遥感学报》2011,15(5):1053-1064

结合重大自然灾害应急管理的业务需求,分析了国外数据共享实践经验与案例,基于国家灾害管理实践工作经验,提出了中国建设重大自然灾害空间信息协同服务机制的构想。在进行职责任务划分的基础上,设立了包括指令中枢、数据中枢和信息中枢的立体化体制架构,并结合国家灾害管理业务工作的实际情况,制定了服务机制的业务关系流程,设定应急与常规相结合的运行模式,并对所需的保障配套机制进行了研究和分析。目前,重大自然灾害空间信息协同服务机制已经在国家灾害管理部门得到了一定范围的实践和检验,取得了较好的应用效果和社会经济效益。  相似文献   

德州市气象局一次网络故障分析及解决     

范佳林 《山东气象》2011,31(4):69-70

通过网络数据抓包软件对局域网中数据流的分析,对德州市气象局一次局域网网络拥堵现象进行研究分析,在首先分析局域网网络拓扑结构的基础上,判断问题的原因并找到解决问题的具体方法,快速恢复正常网络环境并做好系统日志记录。  相似文献   

黔东八克金矿毒砂标型特征研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

郑杰  余大龙  吴文明  杨忠琴  刘阳 《现代地质》2011,25(4):750-758

黔东八克金矿床以金高度富集矿体和围岩中广泛出现毒砂而与该区其他金矿有明显区别。以成因矿物学和找矿矿物学的理论和方法为指导,在前人对该矿床的地质背景、成矿条件、矿床地球化学等方面进行分析的基础上,利用现代测试技术和手段对该矿区中产出的毒砂进行了标型特征研究,从另一个角度取得了矿床成因方面的重要信息。研究表明,矿体含金毒砂粒度小,结晶程度差,晶胞参数接近理论值,热电性为N导型且热电系数均值为-195.6μV/℃,明显低于毒砂热电系数均值在近矿围岩中的-185.1μV/℃和在远矿围岩中的-174.6μV/℃。化学成分中S/As大于1,Fe/(As+S)小于0.5。电子探针形貌观察发现其颗粒较为破碎,裂隙发育,并有伴生矿物方铅矿填充。稀土元素和微量元素研究结果表明,矿体内毒砂REE含量明显低于围岩中毒砂的REE含量,铕呈现强烈的负异常。成矿流体中富集亲硫元素和LREE,亏损HFSE,为具有弱还原性的富C l型体系。通过对Y/Ho、Zr/H f、Nb/Ta和Co/N i比值的研究,推断八克金矿是一种岩浆热液型的中温矿床。  相似文献   

干旱区植物根际土壤养分状况的对比研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李从娟  李彦  马健  范连连  王吉利 《干旱区地理》2011,34(2):222-228

利用根袋模拟实验方法,研究了古尔班通古特沙漠南缘5种常见植物梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、白梭梭(Haloxylon persicum)、刺沙蓬(Salsola ruathenica)、骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)和骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)的根际和非根际土壤的pH...  相似文献   

北极涛动对华北沙尘暴频次的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

毛睿  龚道溢  包景东  范一大 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(2):207-218

This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation (AO) on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961 2007.There is a significant linkage between dust storm frequency and AO;a negative (positive) AO phase is related to an in-creased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China.This relationship is closely related to changes in the cold air activity in Mongolia.The cold air activity exerts large impacts on the dust storm frequency;the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia not only positively cor-relates with the dust storm frequency in North China,but also shows a long-term decreasing trend that is an important reason for the long-term decreasing of dust storm frequency in North China.The AO has large influence on the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia;a negative (positive) AO phase is highly related to an increased (decreased) frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia,which results in an increased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China.  相似文献   

长江上游社会经济因子对侵蚀产沙的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜俊  师长兴  范小黎  周园园 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(2):359-371

In recent years,the role of human activities in changing sediment yield has become more apparent for the construction of hydraulic engineering and water conservation projec-tions in the Upper Yangtze River,but it has not been evaluated at the macro scale.Taking Sichuan Province and Chongqing City as an example,this paper studies the relationship between socio-economic factors and sediment yield in the Upper Yangtze River based on section data in 1989 and 2007.The results show that sediment yield is significantly correlated with population density and cultivated area,in which the former appears to be more closely related to sediment yield.Moreover,in the relation of sediment yield vs.population density,a critical value of population density exists,below which the sediment yield increases with the increase of population density and over which the sediment yield increases with the decrease of population density.The phenomenon essentially reflects the influence of natural factors,such as topography,precipitation and soil property,and some human activities on sediment yield.The region with a higher population density than critical value is located in the east of the study area and is characterized by plains,hills and low mountains,whereas the opposite is located in the west and characterized by middle and high mountains.In the eastern region,more people live on the lands with a low slope where regional soil erosion is slight;therefore,sediment yield is negatively related with population density.In contrast,in the western region,the population tends to aggregate in the areas with abundant soil and water resources which usually lead to a higher intensity of natural erosion,and in turn,high-intensity agricultural practices in these areas may further strengthen local soil erosion.It is also found that popu-lation tends to move from the areas with bad environment and high sediment yield to the areas with more comfortable environment and less sediment yield.The natural factors have greater influence on sediment yield of western region than that of eastern region.Generally,the natural factors play a dominant role on sediment yield in the Upper Yangtze River.  相似文献   

丽江2.4米望远镜检偏器控制系统设计     

辛玉新  屈中权  范玉峰  张瑞龙  和寿圣 《天文研究与技术》2012,(1):78-85

偏振测量是天文四大测量(光谱,光度,偏振,图像)手段之一,而检偏器是进行天体偏振测量的有力工具之一。通过TCP/IP协议控制步进电机驱动检偏器旋转一定的角度值,通过RS485串行通讯实时读取光电绝对编码器的读数作为检偏器绝对位置的反馈量,从而构成一个闭环控制系统。最终实现了转动误差0.42°,步进角度22.5°,转动范围0°～360°的偏振闭环控制系统,完全满足天体偏振测量的基本要求。  相似文献   

SL地区大安寨段页岩气储层预测浅论     

文治东  胡伟光  范春华  刘珠江  伏海蛟 《物探化探计算技术》2013,(6):704-710

SL地区大安寨段地层具有良好的页岩气成藏条件,有的井在该层段钻获工业气流,而有的井则钻遇干层或微弱产气,说明该层段的页岩气储层平面分布呈不均匀状态,资料表明该区页岩气的富集主要受泥页岩热成熟度、有机碳含量、裂缝发育和地层压力等因素控制。所以寻找该区大安寨段裂缝及有利的岩性组合是首要因素,利用三维纵波叠后地震资料,针对sI。地区大安寨段页岩气储层段,采用提取瞬时振幅属性及曲率分析技术,对珍珠冲组大安寨段进行有利储层分布区域进行预测,预测结果与钻井资料吻合较好,证明这两种技术方法综合起来分析运用,具有较好的实际应用价值。  相似文献   

多种计算方法确定黄土渗透系数的对比分析     

李开超  范寒光  高术孝 《岩土工程技术》2012,26(3):145-148

渗透系数是工程降水设计重要的水文地质参数之一,由于水文地质本身的复杂性和计算的多样性,致使渗透系数计算值往往存在着较大的差异。而对于渗透系数的计算模型较多,究竟哪种数学计算模型比较接近黄土渗透性的实际情况,不同的专家有不同的观点。以西安地铁四号线火车站地下车站段抽水试验为例,运用了完整井稳定流中的单井法、带观测井法考虑井损的单井法数学计算模型,非完整井稳定流数学计算模型,水位恢复法数学计算模型3种方法综合确定黄土的渗透系数。分析对比了各种数学计算模型优缺点,给出了计算黄土渗透系数较为合理的数学计算模型。  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的规划成果信息符号库的创建探讨     

张艳华;孙大龙 《东北测绘》2013,(2):106-108

地图符号是地理信息系统表达空间信息的语言单位,通过符号参量传输表达不同的信息认知内容;符号库是符号描述信息的集合,本文结合实际工作提出一套基于ArcGIS规划数据成果信息符号库的创建方案。  相似文献